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Tuning the translational freedom of DNA for high speed AFM

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Nano Research 2015年第6期8卷 1811-1821页

作者： Andrew j. Lee Michal Szymonik jamie k. hobbs Christoph Walti Bioelectronics School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sheffield Sheffield 53 7RH UK

直接观察可以证明是调查在二分子的建筑群之间的相互作用的比较喜欢的方法。与高度的发展加速原子力量显微镜学(AFM ) ，直接与相关空间、时间的分辨率观察 DNA 蛋白质相互作用正在变得可能。这些相互作用具有到生物学， bionanotechnol... 详细信息

直接观察可以证明是调查在二分子的建筑群之间的相互作用的比较喜欢的方法。与高度的发展加速原子力量显微镜学(AFM ) ，直接与相关空间、时间的分辨率观察 DNA 蛋白质相互作用正在变得可能。这些相互作用具有到生物学， bionanotechnology，和功能的生物学上启发的材料的中央重要性。作为在所有显微镜学研究，样品准备在 AFM 观察和样品的最小的不安起一个中央作用被需要。这里，我们表明能力调节在 DNA 分子和表面之间的相互作用创造足够强壮的一个协会当也提供足够的翻译自由允许相关 protein-DNA 相互作用发生时，启用高分辨率的 AFM 成像。而且，我们为测量 DNA 活动性描述一个量的方法，当也决定贡献 DNA 运动的单个力量时。我们发现为一个弱表面协会，对运动的重要贡献从和 DNA 的 AFM 尖端的相互作用产生。在联合，这些方法启用调节表面由高度允许大量核蛋白相互作用的直接学习的分子加速的 DNA 的翻译自由原子力量显微镜学。

关键词： DNA-蛋白质相互作用 AFM 自由度平移调谐原子力显微镜 DNA分子生物功能材料

Incorporating novelty and novel ecosystems into restoration planning and practice in the 21st century

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 175-182页

作者： Michael P Perring Rachel j Standish Richard j hobbs Ecosystem Restoration and Intervention Ecology Research Group School of Plant BiologyThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia

Novelty pervades the *** some cases,potentially irreversible abiotic and/or biotic changes have led to the crossing of thresholds and thus the formation of“novel ecosystems.”Their widespread emergence(particularly on land)and the presence of continued environmental change challenge a traditional restoration goal of restoring an historical ***,we argue that restoration could broaden its frame of reference to consider how novel ecosystems might be used to maintain global biodiversity and provide ecosystem services and,in doing so,save potentially wasted efforts in attempting to fulfil traditional *** we explore this contention in more depth by addressing:Are novel ecosystems innovative planning or lowering the bar?We show that novel ecosystems were not innovative planning in their original *** the contrary,they were recognized as ecosystems that were recalcitrant to traditional restoration approaches,coupled with an awareness that they had arisen inadvertently through deliberate human activity,either on-or *** recalcitrance to traditional restoration suggests that alternative goals may exist for these ecosystems using sometimes innovative *** management may include biodiversity conservation or restoration for ecological *** elucidate the latter aspect with reference to an experiment in the wheatbelt of Western Australia—The Ridgefield Multiple Ecosystem Services Experiment—the design of which has been informed by ecological theory and the acceptance of novelty as an ecosystem *** novel ecosystems do provide opportunities to broaden restoration planning and practice,and ultimately maintain and conserve global biodiversity in this era of environmental change,they necessarily“lower the bar”in restoration if the bar is considered to be the historical ***,in these times of flux,such a bar is increasingly ***,careful and appropriate interventions are required

关键词： No-analogue ecosystem Biodiversity conservation Ecosystem function Ecological restoration Restoration baseline Ridgefield multiple ecosystem services experiment York gum woodland

Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott k. Abeling N.j. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli M.j. Addison j. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras j. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar k. Al khoury G.L. Alberghi j. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.j. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke j.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos k.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen j.k. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki j.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.j. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena j-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos j.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada k. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah j. Assahsah k. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.j. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha k. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio k. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou k. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.j. Bailey V.R. Bailey j.T. Baines L. Baines O.k. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.M. Baltes W.k. Balunas j. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak M. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel k.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron Collider,as Standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS jET QUARk GLUON TAGGING

Biodiversity change in heathland and its relationships with shifting local fire regimes and native species expansion

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journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第1期8卷 17-29页

作者： Nancy Shackelford Michael Renton Michael P.Perring kristine Brooks Richard j.hobbs School of Plant Biology The University of Western Australia(M090)35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWestern Australia 6009Australia Centre of Excellence for Climate Change Forest and Woodland HealthMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern Australia 6150Australia Department of Environment and Conservation Great Southern District OfficePO Box 100NarroginWestern Australia 6312Australia

Aims Understanding the relationships among disturbance,invasion and species change is essential for effective management of many *** investigated relationships among fire history,invasion by a native tree species,Allocasuarina huegeliana,and diversity change to understand the potential drivers of plant community alteration in a complex and biodiverse *** We used plant species surveys from 1983 and 2011 to quantify spe-cies loss/gain and thence compositional ***,we surveyed population densities of the invasive species and collated long-term fire history data for each *** linear models and non-parametric models were used to assess the strength of relation-ships between the three variables of *** Findings Within the last 30 years,~11%of the plant species richness was lost from the *** an individual site level,we found only a 4%average decrease in overall plant species richness,but large species losses and gains that imply considerable compositional *** such shifts might be expected over 30 years,many of the gained species were common,potentially opportunistic species,while those lost were often locally rare woody *** addi-tion,gained species tended to be expanding their recorded range westward suggesting that they may be responding to the regional drying *** relationship between invasion density and spe-cies loss was strong over all spatial *** identified a poten-tial state change to dominance by the native invasive particularly as high densities prevented species gain at the site *** these extreme cases of high invasive density and high biodiversity loss,we argue that there may be a need to directly address the expanding native population.

关键词： kwongan sandplain heath Allocasuarina huegeliana native invasion woody encroachment

Male and female meadow voles Microtus pennsylvanicus respond differently to scent marks from the top- middle-, and bottom-scent donors of an over-mark

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 441-448页

作者： Michael H. FERkIN Nicholas j. hobbs Benjamin D. FERkIN Adam C.FERkIN Daniel A. FERkIN Department of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis Ellington Hall Memphis TN 38152 USA

Previous studies have shown that individuals responded preferentially to the mark of the top-scent donor relative to that of the bottom-scent donor of an over-mark. However, terrestrial mammals are likely to encounter over-marks consisting of the scent marks of more than two same-sex conspecifics in the intersections of runways, near the nests of sexually receptive female conspecifics, and inside and along the borders of the territories of conspecifics. We determined how meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus, respond to the marks of the top-, middle-, and bottom-scent donors of an over-mark. We tested the hypothesis that voles exposed to an over-mark will respond preferentially to the scent marks that were deposited more recently, the scent marks that were on top or near the top of the over-mark, compared to the scent marks that were deposited earlier or near the bottom of the over-mark. Voles spent more time investigating the mark of the top-scent donor than that of the either the middle- or bottom-scent donor. However, males but not female voles spent more time investigating the middle-scent mark than the bottom-scent mark. We also tested the hypothesis that voles evaluate and respond to over-marks differently from single scent marks. Voles spent more time investigating the marks of the top-, middle-, and bottom-scent donors compared to scent marks that were not part of the over-mark. Voles can distinguish among the overlapping scent marks of three scent donors and sex differences exist in the values they appear to attach to each of these scent marks [Current Zoology 57 (4): 441–448, 2011].

关键词：气味标记商标田鼠香味顶部底部女性草甸

Correcting for the solar wind in pulsar timing observations: the role of simultaneous and low-frequency observations

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第10期17卷 33-40页

作者： Ze-Xi Niu George hobbs jing-Bo Wang Shi Dai Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Australia Telescope National Facility CSIRO Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences

The primary goal of pulsar timing array projects is to detect ultra-low-frequency gravitational waves. Pulsar data sets are affected by numerous noise processes including varying dispersive delays in the interstellar medium and from the solar wind. The solar wind can lead to rapidly changing variations that, with existing telescopes, can be hard to measure and then remove. In this paper we study the possibility of using a low frequency telescope to aid in such correction for the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array （PPTA） and also discuss whether the ultra-wide-bandwidth receiver for the FAST telescope is sufficient to model solar wind variations. Our key result is that a single wide-bandwidth receiver can be used to model and remove the effect of the solar wind. However, for pulsars that pass close to the Sun such as PSR j1022＋ 1022, the solar wind is so variable that observations at two telescopes separated by a day are insufficient to correct the solar wind effect.

关键词： stars: pulsars -- gravitational waves

Diverse outcomes of species interactions in an invaded annual plant community

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journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 918-926页

作者： Claire E.Wainwright john M.Dwyer Richard j.hobbs Margaret M.Mayfield The Ecology Centre School of Biological SciencesBuilding 8The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland 4072Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Land and WaterEcoSciences PrecinctDutton ParkQueensland 4001Australia School of Plant Biology The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWestern Australia 6009Australia

Aims Despite acknowledgement that interactions among native and exotic species are important for determining the structure and diversity of novel communities,directed experiments using mul-tiple exotics from the same system are *** observational studies have highlighted distinct ways that exotic species interface with resident natives across invaded *** correlative nature of these studies,however,has provided few details about the mechanisms driving distinct interaction outcomes within the same *** aim was to determine how three exotic annual plant species with distinct relationships with local plant diversity impact the performance of a co-occurring native annual in the York gum-jam woodlands of Western *** We grew species in experimental communities in growth chambers at varying total planting densities to assess how interaction out-comes varied among natives and exotics across a gradient of com-petition *** measured a variety of performance responses,including survival,biomass and population-level and individual-level reproductive *** Findings Overall,the effects of interspecific versus intraspecific competi-tion on performance varied with the identity and density of exotic *** exploitative exotic grass Bromus madritensis was dominant in polyculture,whereas the diminutive grass Pentameris airoides conferred weak intraspecific competition and interspe-cific facilitation on native Waitzia *** exotic broadleaf forb,Hypochaeris glabra,suppressed growth and survival of ***,while *** had weakly negative,neutral or positive effects on all *** outcomes highlight the complexity of interac-tions impacting the diversity,stability and structure of novel plant *** few of these communities contain a single exotic species,understanding the competitive dynamics occurring in diverse novel communities is critical for their conservation and restoration.

关键词： annual plants biotic interactions competition invasion novel ecosystems

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癌的免疫治疗

国外医学（肿瘤学分册） 1990年第4期17卷 226-227页

作者： hobbs j R 刘晓强

近年来,许多免疫方法治疗癌症的偿试均未获成功,这些失败提示,大部分癌患者的基因突变并没有改变抗原性而成为有效的免疫学靶。目前仅识别出部分动物癌抗原有变异,如绒毛膜癌、肾上腺样瘤、白血病、髓样乳腺癌、黑色素瘤、成神经细胞瘤... 详细信息

近年来,许多免疫方法治疗癌症的偿试均未获成功,这些失败提示,大部分癌患者的基因突变并没有改变抗原性而成为有效的免疫学靶。目前仅识别出部分动物癌抗原有变异,如绒毛膜癌、肾上腺样瘤、白血病、髓样乳腺癌、黑色素瘤、成神经细胞瘤、肉瘤,以及一些内分泌或化学因素导致的肿瘤,如膀胱和肺的肿瘤。临床上患者可能拒绝接受动物源抗体,然而许多肿瘤没有有效的靶抗原,如 B 淋巴瘤细胞分泌的基因型(idiotype,Id)阻止了针对肿瘤的各种抗体-药物复合体的作用。动物研究表明,通过外科手术或药物治疗使肿瘤缩至最小时,免疫治疗最有效,这时的阻止作用也最弱。

关键词：癌免疫疗法

华法林与阿司匹林在社区老年房颤人群中卒中预防作用的对比:随机对照BAFTA(Birmingham老年房颤治疗研究)试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2007年第12期3卷 8-9页

作者： Mant j. hobbs F.R. Fletcher k. 罗亮 Primary Care Clinical Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom.Dr

背景:抗凝药物降低房颤患者的卒中风险较抗血小板药物更为有效,但是在老年患者中此益处是否超过出血风险的增加尚不清楚。在老年患者中评价与阿司匹林相比华法林是否会降低大范围卒中、动脉栓塞或其他颅内出血的风险。方法:自初级医疗... 详细信息

背景:抗凝药物降低房颤患者的卒中风险较抗血小板药物更为有效,但是在老年患者中此益处是否超过出血风险的增加尚不清楚。在老年患者中评价与阿司匹林相比华法林是否会降低大范围卒中、动脉栓塞或其他颅内出血的风险。方法:自初级医疗中心纳入973例年龄≥75岁的房颤患者,患者被随机分配接受华法林(目标INR为2～3)或阿司匹林(75mg/d)治疗。

关键词：华法林 BAFTA Birmingham 老年房颤阿司匹林乙酰水杨酸