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One-Step Reverse Osmosis Based on Riverbank Filtration for Future Drinking Water Purification

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Engineering 2022年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： Yujia Zhai gang Liu Walter g.j.van der Meer Oasen Drinkwater Gouda 2800 ACNetherlands Faculty of Science and Technology University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AENetherlands Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Sanitary Engineering Research group Department of Water ManagementFaculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2600 GANetherlands

The presence of newly emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment poses great challenges for drink-ing water treatment *** to their low concentrations and unknown characteristics,emerging pol-lutants cannot be efficiently removed by conventional water treatment processes,making technically,economically,and environmentally friendly water purification technologies increasingly *** article introduces a one-step reverse osmosis(OSRO)concept consisting of riverbank filtration(RBF)and reverse osmosis(RO)for drinking water *** OSRO concept combines the relatively low-cost natural pretreatment of river water with an advanced engineered purification *** pro-vides a continuous natural source of water with stable water quality and a robust barrier for *** the pre-removal of particles,organic matter,organic micro-pollutants(OMPs),and microbes,RBF becomes an ideal source for a purification system based on RO membranes,in comparison with the direct intake of surface *** treatment removes almost 99.9%of the particles,pathogens,viruses,and OMPs,as well as the vast majority of nutrients,and thus meets the requirements for the chlorine-free delivery of drinking water with high *** OSRO treatment is cost effective com-pared with the standard conventional series of purification steps involving sprinkling filters,softening,and activated *** bank filtration(ABF),which functions as an artificial recharge in combi-nation with a sand filtration system,is proposed as an alternative for RBF in the OSRO concept to supply drinking water from locally available *** is also suggested that the OSRO concept be imple-mented with wind power as an alternative energy source in order to be more sustainable and *** OSRO-based decentralized water system is proposed for water reclaiming and *** is suggested that future water treatment focus on the combination of natural and engineered systems to pro

关键词： Drinking water treatment River bank filtration Reverse osmosis Artificial bank filtration Water reclamation and reuse

Cost projections for microwave plasma CO production using renewable energy

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 507-513,I0014页

作者： Remko j.Detz Bob van der Zwaan Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research(TNO) Amsterdam 1043 NTThe Netherlands Faculty of Science(HIMS and IAS) University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1090 GDThe Netherlands School of Advanced International Studies(SAIS) Johns Hopkins UniversityBologna 40126Italy

Successful deployment of renewable fuel production requires substantial cost reduction along the entire value chain of the underlying manufacturing *** improve their performance,renewable fuel production technologies should follow a cost-reducing learning *** this article,we adopt recent evidence that learning-by-doing is directly influenced by the technology unit size and explore three scenarios for microwave plasma CO_(2)conversion in which the learning rate varies between 10%,15%,and 20%.Our projections reveal that the total investments required to deploy this CO_(2)conversion technology at an exajoule scale decline from 83 down to 23 billion euros under a 10%increase in the value of the learning *** CO_(2) production costs in 2050 amount to 247–346€(2019)/t CO_(2),in which the range is determined by the value of the learning *** under substantial learning until 2050 the levelized CO production cost is unlikely to become competitive with conventional natural gas-based CO_(2) production processes,except when a CO_(2)tax is applied of up to 150€(2019)/t CO_(2).To optimally exploit effects of learning-by-doing,we recommend developing several CO production technologies simultaneously with multiple unit sizes,so as to improve the chance of ultimately selecting the process with the highest learning rate.

关键词： CO_(2)utilization Synthetic fuels Renewable chemicals Learning curves Unit size

Two-fluid modeling of geldart A particles in gas-fluidized beds

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Particuology 2008年第6期6卷 540-548页

作者： M.A. van der Hoef j.A.M. Kuipers Faculty of Science & Technology University of Twente

We have investigated the effect of cohesion and drag models on the bed hydrodynamics of geldart A particles based on the two-fluid （TF） model. For a high gas velocity U0 = 0.03 m/s, we found a transition from the homogeneous fluidization to bubbling fluidization with an increase of the coefficient C1, which is used to account for the contribution of cohesion to the excess compressibility. Thus cohesion can play a role in the bed expansion of geldart A particles. Apart from cohesion, we have also investigated the influence of the drag models. When using the Wen and Yu drag correlation with an exponent n = 4.65, we find an under-prediction of the bed expansion at low gas velocities （U0 = 0.009 m/s）. When using a larger exponent （n = 9.6）, as reported in experimental studies of gas-fluidization, a much better agreement with the experimental bed expansion is obtained. These findings suggest that at low gas velocity, a scale-down of the commonly used drag model is required. On the other hand, a scale-up of the commonly used drag model is necessary at high gas velocity （U0 = 0.2 and 0.06 m/s）. We therefore conclude that scaling the drag force represent only an ad hoc way of repairing the deficiencies of the TF model, and that a far more detailed study is required into the origin of the failure of the TF model for simulating fluidized beds of fine powders.

关键词： gas-fluidized bed geldart A particles Two-fluid model Cohesive force Drag correlation

Dispersal of invasive species by drifting

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 818-827页

作者： M.C. van RIEL g. van der VELDE A. BIj DE VAATE Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology Section Aquatic Animal Ecology Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands Team Freshwater Ecology DLO-Alterra P.O. Box 47 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis EO. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands Waterfauna Hydrobiologisch Adviesbureau Oostrandpark 30 8212 AP Lelystad The Netherlands

Drifting can be an effective way for aquatic organisms to disperse and colonise new areas. Increasing connectivity between European large rivers facilitates invasion by drifting aquatic macroinvertebrates. The present study shows that high abundances of invasive species drift in the headstream of the river Rhine. Dikerogammarus villosus and Chelicorophium cur- vispinum represented up to 90% of the total of drifting macroinvertebrates. Drift activity shows seasonal and diel patterns. Most species started drifting in spring and were most abundant in the water column during the summer period. Drift activity was very low during the winter period. Diel patterns were apparent; most species, including D. villosus, drifted during the night. Drifting macroinvertebrates colonised stony substrate directly from the water column. D. villosus generally colonised the substrate at night, while higher numbers of C. curvispinum colonised the substrate during the day. It is very likely that drifting functions as a disper- sal mechanism for crustacean invaders. Once waterways are connected, these species are no longer necessarily dependent on dispersal vectors other than drift for extending their distribution range

关键词： Amphipods Invaders Colonization Drift Daily rhythms Seasonal variation

Numerical simulation of precipitation kinetics in multicomponent alloys

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第33期128卷 98-106页

作者： K.Xu j.D.Liu S.van der Zwaag W.Xu j.g.Li School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Novel Aerospace Materials group Faculty of Aerospace EngineeringDelft University of TechnologyKluyverweg 12629 HSDelftThe Netherlands State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

A universal numerical model based on the particle size distribution(PSD)approach has been developed for the simulation of precipitation kinetics in multicomponent alloys during isothermal *** was implemented utilizing the classical nucleation theory(CNT).growth and coarsening were modeled by a single growth kinetics equation,which is constructed based on the interfacial diffusion flux balance and the capillarity *** partial off-diagonal terms in the diffusion matrix(diffusion of individual components in the matrix)were taken into account in the calculations to minimize the computational cost while coupling with CALPHAD to extract thermodynamics equilibrium around the interface.A new feature of the model is the incorporation of a more realistic spatial site distribution via a Voronoi construction in the characteristic cell,for the purpose of modifying the diffusion *** predictions of the precipitate dimensions and the precipitation kinetics were compared with the atom probe tomography(APT)measurements on ternary Ni-Al-Cr alloys isothermally aged at 873 *** is found that the temporal evolution of the dimensions and composition of the precipitates is well captured,as is the dependence on changes in the alloy *** new modification with Voronoi construction demonstrates that the overall precipitation kinetics depends on the density and the spatial site distribution of *** ability to handle sophisticated alloy chemistries by quantitative equations,the compositional sensitivity of microstructural characteristics emerging from the simulation results,and the ability to visualize the spatial distribution of precipitates make the work very promising for multicomponent alloy design and optimization.

关键词： Precipitation kinetics Thermodynamics Multicomponent PSD Voronoi construction

A well-functioning portis a stimulus for economy

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中国远洋航务公告 2006年第5期 83-84页

作者： Anita van der laan Manager Marketing Communication Port of Rotterdam Authority

Until just a few years ago, ports in Europe had a rather wishy-washy image. In the eyes of both the public and politicians, ports were a necessary fact of life.

关键词：港口功能港口工程技术性能管理方法

Nanostructured graphene Surfaces Promote Different Stages of Bone Cell Differentiation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2018年第3期10卷 103-114页

作者： F.F.Borghi P.A.Bean M.D.M.Evans T.van der laan S.Kumar K.Ostrikov Plasma Nanoscience School of Physics The University of Sydney CSIRO Manufacturing Brazilian Centre for Physics Research (CBPF) School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of Technology CSIRO-QUT joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization

Nanostructured graphene films were used as platforms for the differentiation of Saos-2 cells into bonelike cells. The films were grown using the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, which allowed the production of both vertically and horizontally aligned carbon nanowalls(CNWs). Modifications of the techniqueallowed control of the density of the CNWs and their orientation after the transfer process. The influence of two different topographies on cell attachment, proliferation,and differentiation was investigated. First, the transferred graphene surfaces were shown to be noncytotoxic and were able to support cell adhesion and growth for over 7 ***, early cell differentiation(identified by cellular alkaline phosphatase release) was found to be enhanced on the horizontally aligned CNW surfaces, whereas mineralization(identified by cellular calcium production), a later stage of bone cell differentiation, was stimulated by the presence of the vertical CNWs on the surfaces. These results show that the graphene coatings, grown using the presented method, are biocompatible. And their topographies have an impact on cell behavior, which can be useful in tissue engineering applications.

关键词： Carbon nanowalls graphene films Bone cell Cell differentiation Plasma nanoscience

A Space-Time Interior Penalty Discontinuous galerkin Method for the Wave Equation

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2022年第3期4卷 904-944页

作者： Poorvi Shukla j.j.W.van der Vegt Department of Applied Mathematics University of TwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands

A new higher-order accurate space-time discontinuous galerkin(Dg)method using the interior penalty flux and discontinuous basis functions,both in space and in time,is pre-sented and fully analyzed for the second-order scalar wave *** attention is given to the definition of the numerical fluxes since they are crucial for the stability and accuracy of the space-time Dg *** theoretical analysis shows that the Dg discre-tization is stable and converges in a Dg-norm on general unstructured and locally refined meshes,including local refinement in *** space-time interior penalty Dg discre-tization does not have a CFL-type restriction for *** order of accuracy is obtained in the Dg-norm if the mesh size h and the time stepΔt satisfy h≅CΔt,with C a positive *** optimal order of accuracy of the space-time Dg discretization in the Dg-norm is confirmed by calculations on several model *** calculations also show that for pth-order tensor product basis functions the convergence rate in the L∞and L2-norms is order p+1 for polynomial orders p=1 and p=3 and order p for polynomial order p=2.

关键词： Wave equation Space-time methods Discontinuous galerkin methods Interior penalty method A priori error analysis

Evolving management of colorectal cancer

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World journal of gastroenterology 2008年第25期14卷 3956-3967页

作者： jochem van der Voort van Zijp Harald j Hoekstra Marc D Basson Department of Radiation Oncology Leiden University Medical Center Department of Surgery University of Groningen Medical Center john D. Dingell VA Medical Center and Wayne State University

This article reviews recent advances in surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies for colorectal cancer, including total mesorectal excision, the resection of liver and lung metastasis and advances in chemoradiation and foreshadows some interventions that may lie just beyond the frontier. In particular, little is known about the intracellular and extracellular cascades that may influence colorectal cancer cell adhesion and metastasis. Although the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinases and focal adhesion associated proteins in response to integrin-mediated cell matrix binding ("outside in integrin signaling") is well described, the stimulation of cell adhesion by intracellular signals activated by pressure prior to adhesion represents a different signal paradigm. However, several studies have suggested that increased pressure and shear stress activate cancer cell adhesion. Further studies of the pathways that regulate integrin-driven cancer cell adhesion may identify ways to disrupt these signals or block integrin-mediated adhesion so that adhesion and eventual metastasis can be prevented in the future.

关键词： Adhesion Colorectal Signaling Cancer Surgery