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Delayed peripheral treatment with neurotrophin-3 improves sensorimotor recovery after central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第10期14卷 1703-1704页

作者： Sotiris g.Kakanos Lawrence D.F.Moon Neurorestoration group Wolfson Centre for Age-Related DiseasesKing’s College of London

Neurotrophin-3 (NT3) is a growth factor found in many body tissues including the heart, intestines, skin, nervous system and in skeletal muscles including muscle spindles (Murase et al., 1994). NT3 is required for the survival, correct connectivity and function of sensory (“proprioceptive”) afferents that innervate muscle spindles;these neurons express receptors for NT3 including tropomyocin receptor kinase C. These proprioceptive afferents are important for normal movement (Boyce and Mendell, 2014) and signals from muscle spindles are important for recovery of limb movement (e.g., after spinal cord lateral hemisection)(Takeoka et al., 2014). The level of NT3 declines in most tissues during postnatal development;its level is low in adult and elderly humans and other mammals (Murase et al., 1994). Elevation of NT3 has been shown to improve outcome in various animal models of neurological disease and injury. For example, many groups have shown that delivery of NT3 directly into the central nervous system promotes recovery after spinal cord injury but this often involved invasive routes or gene therapy (Boyce and Mendell, 2014;Petrosyan et al., 2015;Wang et al., 2018).

关键词： Neurotrophin-3(NT3) tissues including the heart Boyce and Mendell

The number of intracorneal ring segments in asymmetric and central cones

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Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 83-91页

作者： Canan Asli Utine DenizcanÖzizmirliler Mustafa Kayabaşı Üzeyir günenç Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineDokuz Eylul UniversityMithatpasa cadNo:1606 InciraltıKampusuBalcova35330 IzmirTurkey Izmir Biomedicine and genome Center IzmirTurkey

Background:To compare the results of single versus double intracorneal ring segment(ICRS)(KeraRing)implantation in keratoconus with respect to different cone ***:Twenty-two eyes of 18 patients with totally asymmetric cones(20-80%or 0-100%distribution along steep axis)were implanted with single ICRS(group 1),38 eyes of 32 patients with central or partially asymmetric cones(50-50%or 40-60%distribution along steep axis)were implanted with double ICRS(group 2),at a depth of 80%of the site of implantation,in channels created with femtosecond laser *** patients had uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities(UDVA and CDVA,respectively)of≤0.3 Snellen ***:In both groups,patients had median UDVA and CDVA gain of 3 Snellen lines(P>0.05).Postoperative improvement in indices of vertical asymmetry and height decentration in group 1;simulated keratometry,corneal astigmatism and anterior corneal asphericity values in group 2 were greater(Pgroup 1 were recommended double ring implantation by the manufacturer’s nomogram,but underwent single ICRS implantation and achieved visual,refractive,tomographic outcomes comparable to that in group 2,although corneal cylindrical correction was less and final topographic astigmatism was ***:Double ICRS implantation seems to be superior in terms of keratometry,corneal astigmatism and anterior corneal asphericity *** ICRS implantation in totally asymmetric cones seems to provide satisfactory visual,refractive and tomographic results,similar to double ICRS implantation in central and partially asymmetric cones,by inducing central shift of the cone.

关键词： Cone eccentricity Intracorneal ring segment implantation Keratoconus Nomogram

Free convection of nanofluid filled enclosure using lattice Boltzmann method (LBM)

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2013年第7期34卷 833-846页

作者： M.SHEIKHOLESLAMI M.gORjI-BANDPY g.DOMAIRRY Department of Mechanical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology

The lattice Boltzmann method （LBM） is used to examine free convection of nanofluids. The space between the cold outer square and heated inner circular cylinders is filled with water including various kinds of nanoparticles： TiO2, Ag, Cu, and A1203. The Brinkman and Maxwell-garnetts models are used to simulate the viscosity and the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids, respectively. Results from the performed numerical analysis show good agreement with those obtained from other numerical meth- ods. A variety of the Rayleigh number, the nanoparticle volume fraction, and the aspect ratio are examined. According to the results, choosing copper as the nanoparticle leads to obtaining the highest enhancement for this problem. The results also indicate that the maximum value of enhancement occurs at λ =2.5 when Ra = 106 while at A = 1.5 for other Rayleigh numbers.

关键词： lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) nanofluid natural convection concentric annular cavity

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION PLANNINg UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

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journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2006年第4期15卷 399-418页

作者： günther FISCHER Tatiana ERMOLIEVA Yuri ERMOLIEV Harrij van VELTHUIZEN International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Schlossplatz 1 A-2361 Laxenburg Austria

In this paper we demonstrate the need for risk-adjusted approaches to planning expansion of livestock production. In particular, we illustrate that under exposure to risk, a portfolio of producers is needed where more efficient producers co-exist and cooperate with less efficient ones given that the latter are associated with lower, uncorre, lated or even negatively correlated contingencies. This raises important issues of cooperation and risk sharing among diverse producers. For large-scale practical allocation problems when information on the contingencies may be disperse, not analytically tractable, or be available on aggregate levels, we propose a downscaling procedure based on behavioral principles utilizing spatial risk preference structure, It allows for estimation of production allocation at required resolutions accounting for location specific risks and suitability constraints. The approach provides a tool for harmonization of data from various spatial levels. We applied the method in a case study of livestock production allocation in China to 2030.

关键词： Spatial production allocation sequential downscaling cross-entropy maximum likelihood risks and uncertainties.

Improving the performance of power system protection using wide area monitoring systems

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journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016年第3期4卷 319-331页

作者： Arun g.PHADKE Peter WALL Lei DINg Vladimir TERZIjA Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University 900 N.Glebe Rd.ArlingtonVA 22203USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK School of Electrical Engineering Shandong University17923 Jingshi RoadJinan 250061Shandong ProvinceChina

Wide area monitoring(WAM) offers many opportunities to improve the performance of power system protection. This paper presents some of these opportunities and the motivation for their development. This methods include monitoring the suitability of relay characteristics,supervisory control of backup protection, more adaptive and intelligent system protection and the creation of novel system integrity protection scheme. The speed of response required for primary protection means that the role WAM in enhancing protection is limited to backup and system protection. The opportunities offered by WAM for enhancing protection are attractive because of the emerging challenges faced by the modern power system protection. The increasingly variable operating conditions of power systems are making it ever more difficult to select relay characteristics that will be a suitable compromise for all loading conditions and contingencies. The maloperation of relays has contributed to the inception and evolution of 70 % of blackouts,thus the supervision of the backup protection may prove a valuable tool for preventing or limiting the scale of blackouts. The increasing interconnection and complexity of modern power systems has made them more vulnerable to wide area disturbances and this has contributed to several recent blackouts. The proper management of these wide area disturbances is beyond the scope of most of the existing protection and new, adaptive system integrity protection schemes are needed to protect power system security.

关键词： Backup protection Blackouts Hidden failures Power system protection System integrity protection schemes Wide area monitoring Wide area protection

Cadmium sulfide thin films growth by chemical bath deposition

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journal of Semiconductors 2018年第3期39卷 50-56页

作者： S.Hariech M.S.Aida j.Bougdira M.Belmahi g.Medjahdi D.genève N.Attaf H.Rinnert Thin films and Interfaces Laboratory Faculty of Sciences Mentouri University Department of physics Faculty of science King Abdulaziz University jean Lamour Institute University of Lorraine

Cadmium sulfide（Cd S） thin films have been prepared by a simple technique such as chemical bath deposition（CBD）. A set of samples Cd S were deposited on glass substrates by varying the bath temperature from 55 to 75 °C at fixed deposition time（25 min） in order to investigate the effect of deposition temperature on Cd S films physical properties. The determination of growth activation energy suggests that at low temperature Cd S film growth is governed by the release of Cd^（2＋） ions in the solution. The structural characterization indicated that the Cd S films structure is cubic or hexagonal with preferential orientation along the direction（111） or（002）, respectively. The optical characterization indicated that the films have a fairly high transparency, which varies between55% and 80% in the visible range of the optical spectrum, the refractive index varies from 1.85 to 2.5 and the optical gap value of which can reach 2.2 e V. It can be suggested that these properties make these films perfectly suitable for their use as window film in thin films based solar cells.

关键词： thin films chemical bath cadmium sulfide solar cell

Engineering carbon quantum dots for photomediated theranostics

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Nano Research 2018年第1期11卷 1-41页

作者： Mahbub Hassan Vincent g. gomes Alireza Dehghani Sara M. Ardekani School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

Carbon quantum dots （CQDs） have emerged as potential alternatives to classical metal-based semiconductor quantum dots （QDs） due to the abundance of their precursors, their ease of synthesis, high biocompatibility, low cost, and particularly their strong photoresponsiveness, tunability, and stability. Light is a versatile, tunable stimulus that can provide spatiotemporal control. Its interaction with CQDs elicits interesting responses such as wavelength-dependent optical emissions, charge/electron transfer, and heat generation, processes that are suitable for a range of photomediated bioapplications. The carbogenic core and surface characteristics of CQDs can be tuned through versatile engineering strategies to endow specific optical and physicochemical properties, while conjugation with specific moieties can enable the design of targeted probes. Fundamental approaches to tune the responses of CQDs to photo-interactions and the design of bionanoprobes are presented, which enable biomedical applications involving diagnostics and therapeutics. These strategies represent comprehensive platforms for engineering multifunctional probes for nanomedicine, and the design of QD probes with a range of metal-free and emer^in~ 2D materials.

关键词： carbon quantum dots nanobiophotonics therapeutics diagnostics nanomedicine

s-REgULAR DIHEDRAL COVERINgS OF THE COMPLETE gRAPH OF ORDER 4

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2004年第1期25卷 57-64页

作者： FENgYANQUAN j.H.KWAK DepartmentofMathematics NorthernJiaotongUniversityBeijing100044China CombinatorialandComputationalMathematicsCenter PohangUniversityofScienceandTechnologyPohang790-784Korea.

A graph is s-regular if its automorphism group acts regularly on the set of its s-arcs. An infinite family of cubic 1-regular graphs was constructed in [7] as cyclic coverings of the three-dimensional Hypercube, and a classification of all s-regular cyclic coverings of the complete bipartite graph of order 6 was given in [8] for each s ≥ 1, whose fibre-preserving automorphism subgroups act arc-transitively. In this paper, the authors classify all s-regular dihedral coverings of the complete graph of order 4 for each s ≥ 1, whose fibre-preserving automorphism subgroups act arc-transitively. As a result, a new infinite family of cubic 1-regular graphs is constructed.

关键词： s-regular graphs s-arc-transitive graphs Regular coverings

UNIFORM SUPERCONVERgENCE OF A FINITE ELEMENT METHOD WITH EDgE STABILIZATION FOR CONVECTION-DIFFUSION PROBLEMS

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journal of Computational Mathematics 2010年第1期28卷 32-44页

作者： Sebastian Franz Torsten Linβ Hans-grg Roos Sebastian Schiller Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Limerick Institut für Numerische Mathematik Technische Universitt Dresden

In the present paper the edge stabilization technique is applied to a convection-diffusion problem with exponential boundary layers on the unit square, using a Shishkin mesh with bilinear finite elements in the layer regions and linear elements on the coarse part of the mesh. An error bound is proved for ‖πu-u^h‖Е, where πu is some interpolant of the solution u and uh the discrete solution. This supercloseness result implies an optimal error estimate with respect to the L2 norm and opens the door to the application of postprocessing for improving the discrete solution.

关键词： Convection-diffusion problems Edge stabilization FEM Uniform convergence Shishkin mesh.