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WHEELBASE PREVIEW OPTIMAL CONTROL FOR ACTIVE VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS

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Chinese journal of Mechanical Engineering 1998年第2期11卷 43-50页

作者： Yu, Fan Crolla, d.A. jilin Univ of Technology China

An algorithm in which the optimal control law takes the advantage of the correlation between front and rear inputs, i.e., wheelbase preview information, for an active vehicle suspension design is described. Based on s... 详细信息

关键词： Active suspension Preview control

Automorphism groups of some algebras

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Science China Mathematics 2009年第2期52卷 323-328页

作者： PARK Hong Goo lee jeongsig CHOI Seul Hee NAM Ki-Bong department of Mathematics Hanyang UniversitySeoul 133-791 Korea department of General Studies and Education SamYuk University Cheongnyangi P.O.Box 118Seoul 130-650 Korea department of Mathematics University of JeonjuChon-ju 560-759 Korea department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences University of Wisconsin-WhitewaterWhitewater WI53190 USA

The automorphism groups of algebras are found in many papers. Using auto-invariance, we find the automorphism groups of the Laurent extension of the polynomial ring and the quantum n-plane (respectively, twisting polynomial ring) in this work. As an application of the results of this work, we can find the automorphism group of a twisting algebra. We define a generalized Weyl algebra and show that the generalized Weyl algebra is simple. We also find the automorphism group of a generalized Weyl algebra. We show that the generalized Weyl algebra Am,m+n is the universal enveloping algebra of the generalized Witt algebra W(m,m + n).

关键词： Laurent extension quantum n-plane (generalized) Weyl algebra automorphism auto-invariant 17B40 17B56

Treatment strategies in obstructed defecation and fecal incontinence

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3168-3173页

作者： Marat Khaikin Steven d Wexner department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Florida WestonFL 33331United States

Obstructed defecation （Od） and fecal incontinence （FI） are challenging clinical problems, which are commonly encountered in the practice of colorectal surgeons and gastroenterologists. These disorders sodally and psychologically distress patients and greatly impair their quality of life. The underlying anatomical and pathophysiological changes are complex, often incompletely understood and cannot always be determined. As a consequence, many medical, surgical, and behavioral approaches have been described, with no panacea. Over the past decade, advances in an understanding of these disorders together with rational and similar methods of evaluation in anorectal physiology laboratories （ARP）, radiology studies, and new surgical techniques have led to promising results. In this brief review, we discuss treatment strategies and recent updates on clinical and therapeutic aspects of obstructed defecation and fecal incontinence.

关键词： Obstructed defecation Fecal incontinence Treatment

Chronic liver disease in Aboriginal North Americans

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第29期14卷 4607-4615页

作者： john d Scott Naomi Garland department of Medicine Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of WashingtonSeattle WA 98144 United States department of Laboratory Medicine University of WashingtonSeattle WA 98144 United States

A structured literature review was performed to detail the frequency and etiology of chronic liver disease (CLd) in Aboriginal North Americans. CLd affects Aboriginal North Americans disproportionately and is now one of the most common causes of death. Alcoholic liver disease is the leading etiology of CLd, but viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis C, is an important and growing cause of CLd. High rates of autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are reported in regions of coastal British Columbia and southeastern Alaska. Non-alcoholic liver disease is a common, but understudied, cause of CLd. Future research should monitor the incidence and etiology of CLd and should be geographically inclusive. In addition, more research is needed on the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLd) in this population.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis B virus American Indian Alaska Native Chronic liver disease

Precore/core region mutations of hepatitis B virus related to clinical severity

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第17期22卷 4287-4296页

作者： Hong Kim Seoung-Ae lee Seung Yeon do Bum-joon Kim department of Biomedical Sciences Microbiology and Immunology Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute College of Medicine Seoul National University

despite the availability of an effective vaccine, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major health problem, with more than 350 million chronically infected people worldwide and over 1 million annual deaths due to cirrhosis and liver cancer. HBV mutations are primarily generated due both to a lack of proofreading capacity by HBV polymerase and to host immune pressure, which is a very important factor for predicting disease progression and therapeutic outcomes. Several types of HBV precore/core (preC/C) mutations have been described to date. The host immune response against T cells drives mutation in the preC/C region. Specifically, preC/C mutations in the MHC class II restricted region are more common than in other regions and are significantly related to hepatocellular carcinoma. Certain mutations, including preC G1896A, are also significantly related to HBeAg-negative chronic infection. This review article mainly focuses on the HBV preC/C mutations that are related to disease severity and on the HBeAg serostatus of chronically infected patients.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus infection Precore/core mutations Hepatocellular carcinoma HBeAg serostatus disease severity

Novel Sources of aus Rice for Zinc deficiency Tolerance Identified Through Association Analysis Using High-density SNP Array

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Rice science 2018年第5期25卷 293-300页

作者： jae-Sung lee Matthias WISSUWA Oscar B. ZAMORA Abdelbagi M. ISMAIL College of Agriculture University of the PhilippinesLos BanosLaguna 4031the Philippines International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manilathe Philippines Crop Livestock and Environment DivisionJapan International Research Centre for Agricultural ScienceIbaraki 305 8686Japan

Zinc （Zn） deficiency is a major soil constraint limiting rice crop growth and yield, yet the genetic control of tolerance mechanisms is still poorly understood. Here, we presented promising loci and candidate genes conferring tolerance to Zn deficiency and identified through association analysis using a 365 K single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） marker array in a diverse aus （semi-wild type rice） panel. Tolerant accessions exhibited higher growth rate with relatively rare stress symptoms. Two loci on chromosomes 7 and 9 were strongly associated with plant vigor under Zn deficiency at a peak-stress stage. Based on previous microarray data from the same experimental plots, we highlighted four candidate genes whose expressions were accompanied by significant genotype and/or environment effects under Zn deficiency. Network-gene ontology supported known tolerance mechanisms, such as ascorbic acid pathway, and also suggested the importance of photosynthesis genes to overcome Zn deficiency symptoms.

关键词： aus genome-wide association study Zinc deficiency rice

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for pancreatic and large common bile duct stones

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第39期17卷 4365-4371页

作者： Manu Tandan d Nageshwar Reddy Reddy Asian Institute of Gastroenterology 6-3-652 SomajigudaHyderabad 500 082India

Extraction of large pancreatic and common bile duct(CBd)calculi has always challenged the therapeutic *** shockwave lithotripsy(ESWL)is an excellent tool for patients with large pancreatic and CBd calculi that are not amenable to routine *** calculi in the head and body are targeted by ESWL,with an aim to fragment them todiameter so that they can be extracted by subsequent endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography(ERCP).In our experience,complete clearance of the pancreatic duct was achieved in 76% and partial clearance in 17%of 1006 ***-term pain relief with reduction in the number of analgesics ingested was seen in 84%of these *** large CBd calculi,a nasobiliary tube is placed to help target the calculi,as well as bathe the calculi in salinea simple maneuver which helps to facilitate *** aim is to fragment calculi tod clear the same during *** clearance of the CBd was achieved in 84.4%of and partial clearance in 12.3%of 283 *** than 90%of the patients with pancreatic and biliary calculi needed three or fewer sessions of ESWL with 5000 shocks being de-livered at each *** use of epidural anesthesia helped in reducing patient ***,together with the better focus achieved with newer third-gen-eration lithotripters,prevents collateral tissue damage and minimizes the *** in our experience with nearly 1300 patients were minimal,and no extension of hospital stay was *** rates of clearance of pancreatic and biliary calculi with minimal adverse effects have been reported from the centers where ESWL is performed *** view of its high efficiency,non-invasive nature and low complication rates,ESWL can be offered as the first-line therapy for selected patients with large pancreatic and CBd calculi.

关键词： Pancreatic calculi Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy Common bile duct calculi

Foraging behavior related to habitat characteristics in the invasive wasp Vespula germanica

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Insect Science 2007年第5期14卷 383-388页

作者： PAOLA d'AdAMO MARIANA LOZAdA Laboratorio Ecotono Universidad Nacional del Comahue Bariloche Argentina

When foraging on carrion resources, the wasp Vespula germanica usually makes repeated visits to the feeding site until depleting the resource. In the present study we analyzed how environmental cues affect wasps＇ behavior when re-locating a protein food source. We studied this behavior in two different natural habitats： closed and open habitats. As closed habitats have more references to orient wasps to the feeding site than open habitats, we hypothesized that they would return to the foraging site more frequently in closed habitats than in open ones. We tested this hypothesis by studying wasp behavior in three different natural habitat conditions：（i） closed habitats, （ii） open habitats, and （iii） open habitats artificially modified by adding five sticks with flagging. Experiments consisted of training individual wasps to feed from a certain array, and at the testing phase we removed food and displaced the array by 60 cm. Therefore, we recorded wasps＇ choices when returning to the training area, by counting both the wasps＇ first approaches and the number of visits to the original feeding site and the displaced array. Wasps＇ behavior while re-locating a protein food source was different if foraging at open or closed habitats. Wasps more frequently re- visited a previous feeding location when foraging in closed habitats than when foraging in open ones. Furthermore, wasps more frequently visited the displaced array than the original feeding site in all three treatments. Nevertheless, when wasps were trained in closed habitats, they returned to the original feeding site more frequently than if trained in open ones. Interestingly, when five sticks with flagging were added in open habitats, wasps responded similarly as in closed habitats without these references. The results show that foraging behavior in V. germanica seems to be different in closed and open habitats, probably associated with the existence of references that guide foragers when re-locating undepleted res

关键词： environmental cues food exploitation invasive species re-localization socialwasps Vespidae

Climate change,24-hour movement behaviors,and health:a mini umbrella review

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Global Health Research and Policy 2021年第1期6卷 350-363页

作者： Evaline Zisis Shawn Hakimi Eun-Young lee School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKHS 30728 Division StKingstonON K7L3N6Canada department of Gender Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada

Background:The worsening climate change and alarming prevalence of communicable and non-communicable diseases continue to threat human life and *** evidence suggests that favorable patterns of 24-h movement behaviors,high physical activity,low sedentary behavior,and adequate sleep,may positively contribute to achieving dual benefits of climate change mitigation and disease *** purposes of this mini umbrella review were to summarize the most up-to-date,high-level evidence exploring the relationships between climate change,24-h movement behaviors,and health and elaborate on the mechanisms linking the three variables of ***:A systematic search of electronic databases was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar during March–October *** criteria were:(1)systematic review;(2)reviewed relationships between climate change and movement behaviors and/or health in any directions;(3)written in English;(4)published in 2010–*** synthesis was conducted to highlight the main relationships observed and address the current state of knowledge and priorities for future *** order to illustrate the potential mechanisms between climate change,movement behaviors,and health,the main results from included systematic reviews were summarized and a conceptual framework was developed for future ***:Based on the evidence from eight systematic reviews published in the past decade,multi-directional(i.e.,uni-,bi-,or U-shaped)links were observed between climate change and varying human health ***,little is understood about the association between climate change and 24-h movement *** reviews suggested the negative impact of climate change on sleep and bi-directional relationships between climate change and physical activity/*** review included two studies suggesting the unfavorable impact of climate change on sedentary behavior;however,the evidence was ***,no reviews examined t

关键词： Population health Chronic disease Global warming Natural disaster Physical activity