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Measurements of dihadron correlations relative to the event plane in Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV

chinese Physics c 2021年第4期45卷 198-241页

作者： H.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed A.V.Alakhverdyants I.Alekseev j.Alford B.D.Anderson c.D.Anson D.Arkhipkin G.S.Averichev j.Balewski D.R.Beavis N.K.Behera R.Bellwied M.j.Betancourt R.R.Betts A.Bhasin A.K.Bhat H.Bichsel j.Bieleik j.Bielcikova B.Biritz L.c.Bland W.Borowski j.Bouchet E.Braidot A.V.Brandin A.Bridgeman S.G.Brovko E.Bruna S.Bueltmann I.Bunzarov T.P.Burton X.Z.cai H.caines M.calderon de la Barca Sanchez D.cebra R.cendejas M.c.cervantes Z.chajecki P.chaloupka S.chattopadhyay H.F.chen j.H.chen j.Y.chen L.chen j.cheng M.cherney A.chikanian K.E.choi W.christie P.chung M.j.M.codrington R.corliss j.G.cramer H.j.crawford S.Dash A.Davila Leyva L.c.De Silvat R.R.Debbe T.G.Dedovich A.A.Derevschikov R.Derradi de Souza L.Didenko P.Djawotho S.M.Dogra X.Dong j.L.Drachenberg j.E.Draper j.c.dunlop L.G Efimov M.Elnim j.Engelage G Eppley M.Estienne L.Eun O.Evdokimov R.Fatemi j.Fedorisin A.Feng R.G.Fersch P.Filip E.Finch V.Fine Y.Fisyak c.A.Gagliardi D.R.Gangadharan A.Geromitsos F.Geurts P.Ghosh Y.N.Gorbunov A.Gordon O.Grebenyuk D.Grosnick S.M.Guertin A.Gupta W.Guryn B.Haag O.Hajkova A.Hamed L-X.Han j.W.Harris j.P.Hays-Wehle M.Heinz S.Heppelmann A.Hirsch E.Hjort G.W.Hoffmann D.j.Hofiman B.Huang H.Z.Huang T.j.Humanic L.Huo G.Igo P.jacobs W.W.jacobs c.jena F.jin j.joseph E.G.judd S.Kabana K.Kang j.Kapitan K.Kauder H.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan D.Kettler D.P.Kikola j.Kiryluk A.Kisiel V.Kizka A.G.Knospe D.D.Koetke T.Kollegger j.Konzer I.Koralt L.Koroleva W.Korsch L.Kotchenda V.Kouchpil P.Kravtsov K.Krueger M.Krus L.Kumar P.Kurnadi M.A.c.Lamont j.M.Landgraf S.LaPointe j.Lauret A.Lebedev R.Lednicky j.H.Lee W.Leight M.j.LeVine c.Lil L.Li N.Li W.Li X.Li X.Li Y.Li Z.M.Li M.A.Lisa F.Liu H.Liu j.Liu T.Ljubicic W.j.Llope R.S.Longacre W.A.Love Y.Lu E.V.Lukashov X.Luo G.L.Ma Y.G.Mai D.P.Mahapatra R.Majka O.I.Mall L.K.Mangotra R.Manweiler S.Margetis c.Markert H.Masui H.S.Matis Yu.A.Matulenko D.MeDonald T.S.McShane A.Meschanin R.Milner N.G.Minaev S.Mioduszewski A.Mischke M.K.Mitrovski B.Mohanty M.M.Mondal B.Morozov D.A.Morozov M.G.Munhoz M Argonne National Laboratory Argonnellinois 60439USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA University of califomia BerkeleyCaliformnia 94720USA University of california DavisCalifornia 95616USA University of califormnia Los AngelesCalifomia 90095USA Universidade Estadual de campinas Sao PauloBrazil University of Illinois at chicago ChicagoIlinois 60607USA creighton University OmahaNebraska 68178USA czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPrague11519Czech Republic Nuclear Physics Institute AS cR 25068 Rez/PragueCzech Republic University of Frankfurt FrankfurtGermany Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar 751005India Indian Institute of Technology MumbaiIndia Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47408USA Alikhanov Instiute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics MoscowRussia University of jammu Jammu 180001India joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia Kent State University KentOhio 44242USA University of Kentucky LexingtonKentucky40506-0055USA Institute of Modern Physics LanzhouChina Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA 02139-4307USA Mx-Planck-Institut fir Physik MunichGermany Michigan State University East LansingMichigan 48824USA Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Moscow Russia NIKHEF and Utrecht University AmsterdamThe Netherlands Ohio State University ColumbusOhio 43210USA Old Dominion University NorfolkVA23529USA Panjab University Chandigarh 160014India PennsyIvania State University University ParkPennsylvania 16802USA Institute of High Energy Physics ProtvinoRussia Purdue University West LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Pusan National University PusanRepublic of Korea University of Rajasthan Jaipur 302004India Rice University HoustonTexas 77251USA Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao PauloBrazil University of Science&Technology of china Hefei 230026.China Shandong University JinanShandong 250100China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Shanghai 201800Chi

Dihadron azimuthal correlations containing a high transverse momentum(pr)trigger particle are sensit-ive to the properties of the nuclear medium created at RHIc through the strong interactions occurring between the traversing parton and the medium,*** measurements revealed a strong modification to di-hadron azimuthal correlations in Au+Au collisions with respect to ptp and d+Au *** modification in-creases with the collision centrality,suggesting a path-length or energy density dependence to the je-quenching *** paper reports STAR measurements of dihadron azimuthal correlations in mid-central(20%-60%)Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV as a function of the trigger particle's azimuthal angle relative to the event plane,Ф_(s)=|Ф_(t)-ψ_(Ep)|.The azimuthal correlation is studied as a function of both the trigger and associated particle *** subtractions of the combinatorial background and anisotropic flow,assuming Zero Yield At Minimum(ZYAM),are *** correlation results are first discussed with subtraction of the even harmonic(elliptic and quadrangu-lar)flow *** away-side correlation is strongly modifed,and the modification varies withФ_(s),with a double-peak structure for out-of-plane trigger *** near-side ridge(long range pseudo-rapidity△_(η)correla-tion)appears to drop with increasingФ_(s)while the jet-like component remains approximately *** correla-tion functions are further studied with the subtraction of odd harmonic triangular flow background arising from *** is found that the triangular flow,while responsible for the majority of the amplitudes,is not sufficient to explain theφs-dependence of the ridge or the away-side double-peak *** dropping ridge withФ_(s)could be attributed to aФ_(s)-dependent lliptie anisotropy;however,the physics mechanism of the ridge remains an open *** with aФ_(s)-dependent elliptic flow,the away-side correlation structure

关键词： relativistic heavy ion collisions dihadron correlations jet-medium interactions anisotropic flow background event plane

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Methods for a blind analysis of isobar data collected by the STAR collaboration

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第5期32卷 43-50页

作者： j.Adam L.Adamczyk j.R.Adams j.K.Adkins G.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed I.Alekseev D.M.Anderson A.Aparin E.c.Aschenauer M.U.Ashraf F.G.Atetalla A.Attri G.S.Averichev V.Bairathi K.Barish A.Behera R.Bellwied A.Bhasin j.Bielcik j.Bielcikova L.c.Bland I.G.Bordyuzhin j.D.Brandenburg A.V.Brandin j.Butterworth H.caines M.calderon de la Barca Sanchez D.cebra I.chakaberia P.chaloupka B.K.chan F-H.chang Z.chang N.chankova-Bunzarova A.chatterjee D.chen j.chen j.H.chen X.chen Z.chen j.cheng M.cherney M.chevalier S.choudhury W.christie X.chu H.j.crawford M.csanad M.Daugherity T.G.Dedovich I.M.Deppner A.A.Derevschikov L.Didenko X.Dong j.L.Drachenberg j.c.dunlop T.Edmonds N.Elsey j.Engelage G.Eppley S.Esumi O.Evdokimov A.Ewigleben O.Eyser R.Fatemi S.Fazio P.Federic j.Fedorisin c.j.Feng Y.Feng P.Filip E.Finch Y.Fisyak A.Francisco L.Fulek c.A.Gagliardi T.Galatyuk F.Geurts A.Gibson K.Gopal X.Gou D.Grosnick W.Guryn A.I.Hamad A.Hamed S.Harabasz j.W.Harris S.He W.He X.H.He Y.He S.Heppelmann S.Heppelmann N.Herrmann E.Hoffman L.Holub Y.Hong S.Horvat Y.Hu H.Z.Huang S.L.Huang T.Huang X.Huang T.j.Humanic P.Huo G.Igo D.Isenhower W.W.jacobs c.jena A.jentsch Y.ji j.jia K.jiang S.jowzaee X.ju E.G.judd S.Kabana M.L.Kabir S.Kagamaster D.Kalinkin K.Kang D.Kapukchyan K.Kauder H.W.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan M.Kelsey Y.V.Khyzhniak D.P.Kikoła c.Kim B.Kimelman D.Kincses T.A.Kinghorn I.Kisel A.Kiselev M.Kocan L.Kochenda L.K.Kosarzewski L.Kramarik P.Kravtsov K.Krueger N.Kulathunga Mudiyanselage L.Kumar S.Kumar R.Kunnawalkam Elayavalli j.H.Kwasizur R.Lacey S.Lan j.M.Landgraf j.Lauret A.Lebedev R.Lednicky j.H.Lee Y.H.Leung c.Li c.Li W.Li W.Li X.Li Y.Li Y.Liang R.Licenik T.Lin Y.Lin M.A.Lisa F.Liu H.Liu P.Liu P.Liu T.Liu X.Liu Y.Liu Z.Liu T.Ljubicic W.j.Llope R.S.Longacre N.S.Lukow S.Luo X.Luo G.L.Ma L.Ma R.Ma Y.G.Ma N.Magdy R.Majka D.Mallick S.Margetis c.Markert H.S.Matis j.A.Mazer N.G.Minaev S.Mioduszewski B.Mohanty I.Mooney Z.Moravcova D.A.Morozov M.Nagy j.D.Nam Md.Nasim K.Nayak D.Neff j.M.Nelson D.B.Nemes M.Nie G.Nigmatkulov T.Niida L.V.Nogach T.Nonak christian University AbileneTX 796992 AGH University of Science and Technology FPACSCracow 30-059Poland Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRc"Kurchatov Institute" MoscowRussia 117218 Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIL 60439 American University of cairo New CairoNew Cairo 11835Egypt Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY 11973 University of california BerkeleyCA 94720 University of california DavisCA 95616 University of california Los AngelesCA 90095 University of california RiversideCA 92521 central china Normal University Wuhan 430079 University of Illinois at chicago ChicagoIL 60607 creighton University OmahaNE 68178 czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPrague 11519Czech Republic Technische Universitat Darmstadt Darmstadt 64289Germany ELTE Eotvos Lorand University Budapest 1117Hungary Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS Frankfurt 60438Germany Fudan University Shanghai 200433 University of Heidelberg 69120 HeidelbergGermany University of Houston HoustonTX 77204 Huzhou University Huzhou 313000 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER) Berhampur 760010India Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER)Tirupati Tirupati 517507India Indian Institute Technology PatnaBihar 801106India Indiana University BloomingtonIN 47408 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000 University of jammu Jammu 180001India joint Institute for Nuclear Research DubnaRussia 141980 Kent State University KentOH 44242 University of Kentucky LexingtonKY 40506-0055 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA 94720 Lehigh University BethlehemPA 18015 Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik 80805 MunichGermany Michigan State University East LansingMI 48824 National Research Nuclear University MEPhI MoscowRussia 115409 National Institute of Science Education and Research HBNIJatni 752050India National cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Nuclear Physics Institute of the cAS Rez 25068Czech Republic Ohio State University

In 2018,the STAR collaboration collected data from^(96)_(44)Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zr at√^(S)NN=200 Ge V to search for the presence of the chiral magnetic effect in collisions of *** isobar collision species alternated frequently between 9644 Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)*** order to conduct blind analyses of studies related to the chiral magnetic effect in these isobar data,STAR developed a three-step blind analysis *** are initially provided a"reference sample"of data,comprised of a mix of events from the two species,the order of which respects time-dependent changes in run *** tuning analysis codes and performing time-dependent quality assurance on the reference sample,analysts are provided a species-blind sample suitable for calculating efficiencies and corrections for individual≈30-min data-taking *** this sample,species-specific information is disguised,but individual output files contain data from a single isobar *** run-by-run corrections and code alteration subsequent to these corrections are allowed at this *** these modifications,the"frozen"code is passed over the fully un-blind data,completing the blind *** a check of the feasibility of the blind analysis procedure,analysts completed a"mock data challenge,"analyzing data from Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=27 Ge V,collected in *** Au+Au data were prepared in the same manner intended for the isobar blind *** details of the blind analysis procedure and results from the mock data challenge are presented.

关键词： Blind analysis chiral magnetic effect Heavy-ion collisions

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Measurement of away-side broadening with self-subtraction of flow in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV

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chinese Physics c 2020年第10期44卷 59-67页

作者： L.Adamczyk j.R.Adams j.K.Adkins G.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed I.Alekseev D.M.Anderson A.Aparin E.c.Aschenauer M.U.Ashraf F.G.Atetalla A.Attri G.S.Averichev V.Bairathi K.Barish A.Behera R.Bellwied A.Bhasin j.Bielcik j.Bielcikova L.c.Bland I.G.Bordyuzhin j.D.Brandenburg A.V.Brandin j.Butterworth H.caines M.calderón de la Barca Sánchez D.cebra I.chakaberia P.chaloupka B.K.chan F-H.chang Z.chang N.chankova-Bunzarova A.chatterjee D.chen j.H.chen X.chen Z.chen j.cheng M.cherney M.chevalier S.choudhury W.christie X.chu H.j.crawford M.csanád M.Daugherity T.G.Dedovich I.M.Deppner A.A.Derevschikov L.Didenko X.Dong j.L.Drachenberg j.c.dunlop T.Edmonds N.Elsey j.Engelage G.Eppley S.Esumi O.Evdokimov A.Ewigleben O.Eyser R.Fatemi S.Fazio P.Federic j.Fedorisin c.j.Feng Y.Feng P.Filip E.Finch Y.Fisyak A.Francisco L.Fulek c.A.Gagliardi T.Galatyuk F.Geurts A.Gibson K.Gopal D.Grosnick W.Guryn A.I.Hamad A.Hamed S.Harabasz j.W.Harris S.He W.He X.H.He S.Heppelmann S.Heppelmann N.Herrmann E.Hoffman L.Holub Y.Hong S.Horvat Y.Hu H.Z.Huang S.L.Huang T.Huang X.Huang T.j.Humanic P.Huo G.Igo D.Isenhower W.W.jacobs c.jena A.jentsch Y.jI j.jia K.jiang S.jowzaee X.ju E.G.judd S.Kabana M.L.Kabir S.Kagamaster D.Kalinkin K.Kang D.Kapukchyan K.Kauder H.W.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan M.Kelsey Y.V.Khyzhniak D.P.Kikoła c.Kim B.Kimelman D.Kincses T.A.Kinghorn I.Kisel A.Kiselev M.Kocan L.Kochenda L.K.Kosarzewski L.Kramarik P.Kravtsov K.Krueger N.Kulathunga Mudiyanselage L.Kumar S.Kumar R.Kunnawalkam Elayavalli j.H.Kwasizur R.Lacey S.Lan j.M.Landgraf j.Lauret A.Lebedev R.Lednicky j.H.Lee Y.H.Leung c.Li W.Li W.Li X.Li Y.Li Y.Liang R.Licenik T.Lin Y.Lin M.A.Lisa F.Liu H.Liu P.Liu P.Liu T.Liu X.Liu Y.Liu Z.Liu T.Ljubicic W.j.Llope R.S.Longacre N.S.Lukow S.Luo X.Luo G.L.Ma L.Ma R.Ma Y.G.Ma N.Magdy R.Majka D.Mallick S.Margetis c.Markert H.S.Matis j.A.Mazer N.G.Minaev S.Mioduszewski B.Mohanty I.Mooney Z.Moravcova D.A.Morozov M.Nagy j.D.Nam Nasim Md K.Nayak D.Neff j.M.Nelson D.B.Nemes M.Nie G.Nigmatkulov T.Niida L.V.Nogach T.Nonaka A.S.Nunes G.Odyniec A.Ogawa Abilene christian University AbileneTexas 79699 AGH University of Science and Technology FPACSCracow 30-059Poland Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRc"Kurchatov Institute" Moscow 117218Russia Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIllinois 60439 American University of cairo New Cairo 11835New CairoEgypt Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973 University of california BerkeleyCalifornia 94720 University of california DavisCalifornia 95616 University of california Los AngelesCalifornia 90095 University of california RiversideCalifornia 92521 central china Normal University WuhanHubei 430079 University of Illinois at chicago ChicagoIllinois 60607 creighton University OmahaNebraska 68178 czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPrague 11519Czech Republic Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt 64289Germany ELTE Eötvös Loránd University BudapestHungary H-1117 Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS Frankfurt 60438Germany Fudan University Shanghai 200433 University of Heidelberg Heidelberg 69120Germany University of Houston HoustonTexas 77204 Huzhou University HuzhouZhejiang 313000 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER) Berhampur 760010India Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER)Tirupati Tirupati 517507India Indian Institute Technology PatnaBihar 801106India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47408 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000 University of jammu Jammu 180001India joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna 141980Russia Kent State University KentOhio 44242 University of Kentucky LexingtonKentucky 40506-0055 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCalifornia 94720 Lehigh University BethlehemPennsylvania 18015 Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Munich 80805Germany Michigan State University East LansingMichigan 48824 National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow 115409Russia National Institute of Science Education and Research HBNIJatni 752050Indi

High transverse momentum(pT)particle production is suppressed owing to the parton(jet)energy loss in the hot dense medium created in relativistic heavy-ion *** of energy at low-to-modest pT has been difficult to measure,owing to large anisotropic *** report a data-driven method for background evaluation and subtraction,exploiting the away-side pseudorapidity gaps,to measure the jetlike correlation shape in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV in the STAR *** correlation shapes,for trigger particles pT>3GeV/c and various associated particle pT ranges within 0.5c,are consistent with Gaussians,and their widths increase with *** results indicate jet broadening in the medium created in central heavy-ion collisions.

关键词： di-hadron correlations jet heavy-ion

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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon c.Daeschler Katelyn j.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj jenny cheung jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini jPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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Heading control strategy assessment for coaxial compound helicopters

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chinese journal of Aeronautics 2019年第9期32卷 2037-2046页

作者： Ye YUAN Douglas THOMSON Renliang cHEN Richard dunlop National Key Laboratory of Rotorcraft Aeromechanics Nanjing University of Aeronautics&AstronauticsNanjing 210016China University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQUnited Kingdom

The coaxial compound helicopter has two possible strategies for heading control: collective differential and rudder deflection. A flight dynamics model is developed to assess the effect of different heading control strategies. This includes the trim characteristics, steady flight performance,controllability, and manoeuvrability. The trim study demonstrates that heading control strategies are less influential on trim results, and the steady flight performance is also not significantly affected by the heading control strategy adopted. The controllability analysis shows although heading bandwidth and phase delay results at various speeds with different heading control strategies are all satisfied, the control derivative of the collective differential decreases as speed increases, and its heading aggressive agility is degraded into Level 3 in high-speed flight. In addition, using collective differential would lead to severe heading-rolling coupling as forward speed increases. On the contrary, the control derivative and aggressive agility of the rudder deflection is improved with forward speed, and there is no evidence of heading-rolling coupling. Finally, the transient turn MissionTask-Element(MTE) is utilized to investigate the heading manoeuvre characteristics in different heading control strategies, which indicates that the collective differential would add the amplitude of control input and the power consumption during this MTE.

关键词： coaxial compound helicopter control strategy Handling qualities Helicopter flight dynamics Helicopter performance

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Magnetospheric Boundary Layer Structure and Dynamics as Seen From cluster and Double Star Measurements

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空间科学学报 2013年第6期33卷 577-603页

作者： Y V Bogdanova c j Owen M W dunlop M G G T Taylor A N Fazakerley Space Science and Technology Department RALChiltonDidcotOxfordshireOX11 0QXUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH5 6NTUK Science and Robotic Exploration Directorate ESA/ESTECNoordwijkThe Netherlands

In this review,we discuss the structure and dynamics of the magnetospheric LowLatitude Boundary Layer(LLBL)based on recent results from multi-satellite missions cluster and Double *** boundary layer,adjacent to the magnetopause on the magnetospheric side,usually consists of a mixture of plasma of magnetospheric and magnetosheath origins,and plays an important role in the transfer of mass and energy from the solar wind into the magnetosphere and subsequent magnetospheric *** southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field(IMF)conditions,this boundary layer is generally considered to be formed as a result of the reconnection process between the IMF and magnetospheric magnetic field lines at the dayside magnetopause,and the structure and plasma properties inside the LLBL can be understood in terms of the time history since the reconnection *** northward IMF conditions,the LLBL is usually thicker,and has more complex structure and *** observations confirm that the LLBL observed at the dayside can be formed by single lobe reconnection,dual lobe reconnection,or by sequential dual lobe reconnection,as well as partially by localized cross-field *** LLBL magnetic topology and plasma signatures inside the different sub-layers formed by these processes are discussed in this *** role of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the formation of the LLBL at the flank magnetopause is also ***,we conclude that the LLBL observed at the flanks can be formed by the combination of processes,(dual)lobe reconnection and plasma mixing due to non-linear Kelvin-Helmholtz waves.

关键词：边界层结构磁层顶双星群集国际货币基金组织等离子体特性测量拓扑结构

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Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： christopher j.O’connell Matthew j.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA james L.Winkle college of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

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Near Earth Vortices Driving of Field Aligned currents Based on Magnetosphere Multiscale and Swarm Observations

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空间科学学报 2019年第1期39卷 9-17页

作者： ZHANG c SHEN c YANG Y Y dunlop M W TI S RUSSELL c T LüHR H BURcH j L LINDQVIST P A TORBERT R B FRIIS-cHRISTENSEN E State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science Center college of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences college of Science Harbin Institute of Technology Institute of china Seismological Bureau Crustal Stress Space Science Institute School of Astronautics Beihang University Rutherford Appleton Laboratory University of california German Research center For Geosciences German Research Center for Geosciences Southwest Research Institute Royal Institute of Technology University of New Hampshire Danish National Space center

A long-standing mystery in the study of Field-Aligned currents(FAcs) has been that: how the currents are generated and why they appear to be much stronger at high altitudes than in the ionosphere. Here we present two events of magnetotail FAcs observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Spacecraft(MMS) on 1 st july and 14 th july 2016, to show how the Substorm current Wedges(ScW) were formed. The results show that particles were transferred heading towards the Earth during the expansion phase of *** azimuthal flow formed clockwise(counter-clockwise) vortex-like motion, and then generated downward(upward) FAcs on the tailward/poleward side of the distorted field with opposite vorticity on their Earthward/equatorward side. We also analyzed the Region 1 FAcs observed by the Earth Explorer Swarm spacecraft on 1 st july 2016 and found that they were associated with FAcs observed by MMS, although differing by a factor of 10. This difference suggests that either there was the closure of the currents at altitudes above 500 km or the currents were not strictly parallel to B and closed at longitudes away from where they were generated.

关键词： Substorm current wedge Magnetosphere Field-aligned currents Flow vorticity Multiple spacecraft measurements

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Observations of the step-like accelerating processes of cold ions in the reconnection layer at the dayside magnetopause

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Science Bulletin 2018年第1期63卷 31-37页

作者： Qinghe Zhang Michael Lockwood john c.Foster Qiugang Zong Malcolm W.dunlop Shunrong Zhang joran Moen Beichen Zhang Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG6 6BBUK MIT Haystack Observatory WestfordMA 01886USA School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100087China Space Sciences Division SSTDRutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX11 OQXUK Department of Physics University of OsloBlindern 0316OsloNorway SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China

cold ions of plasmaspheric origin have been observed to abundantly appear in the magnetospheric side of the Earth's magnetopause. These cold ions could affect the magnetic reconnection processes at the magnetopause by changing the Alfvén velocity and the reconnection rate, while they could also be heated in the reconnection layer during the ongoing reconnections. We report in situ observations from a partially crossing of a reconnection layer near the subsolar magnetopause. During this crossing, step-like accelerating processes of the cold ions were clearly observed, suggesting that the inflow cold ions may be separately accelerated by the rotation discontinuity and slow shock inside the reconnection layer.

关键词： cold ions Magnetic reconnection Ion accelerations Magnetopause

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Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari jennifer c.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref Kevin K.Wang j.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric critical care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

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