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CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the polygalacturonase FaPG1 gene improves strawberry fruit firmness

Horticulture Research 2023年第3期10卷 201-210页

作者： Gloria López-Casado Cristina Sánchez-Raya Pablo D.Ric-Varas Candelas Paniagua Rosario Blanco-Portales juan Muñoz-Blanco Sara Pose Antonio j.Matas jose A.Mercado Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea‘La Mayora’(IHSM-UMA-CSIC)Universidad de Málaga29071 MálagaSpain Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Universidad de Córdoba14071CórdobaSpain

Firmness is one of the most important fruit quality traits in *** postharvest shelf life of this soft fruit is highly limited by the loss of firmness,where cell wall disassembly plays an important *** studies demonstrated that the polygalacturonase FaPG1 has a key role in remodelling pectins during strawberry *** this study,FaPG1 knockout strawberry plants have been generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system delivered via Agrobacterium *** independent lines,cv.“Chandler”,were obtained,and all of them were successfully edited as determined by PCR amplification and T7 endonuclease *** targeted mutagenesis insertion and deletion rates were analyzed using targeted deep *** percentage of edited sequences varied from 47%up to almost 100%,being higher than 95%for seven of the selected *** analyses showed that 7 out of the eight lines analyzed produced fruits significantly firmer than the control,ranging from 33 to 70%increase in *** was a positive relationship between the degree of FaPG1 editing and the rise in fruit *** changes were observed in other fruit quality traits,such as colour,soluble solids,titratable acidity or anthocyanin *** fruits showed a reduced softening rate during postharvest,displayed a reduced transpirational water loss,and were less damaged by Botrytis cinerea *** analysis of four potential off-target sites revealed no mutation *** conclusion,editing the FaPG1 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system is an efficient method for improving strawberry fruit firmness and shelf life.

关键词： fir straw PG1

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Effects on physiologic measures of appetite from intragastric balloon and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: results of a prospective study

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Chinese Medical journal 2022年第10期135卷 1234-1241页

作者： Babusai Rapaka Daniel B.Maselli Gontrand Lopez-Nava Inmaculada Bautista-Castano Reem Matar Veeravich jaruvongvanich Eric j.Vargas Andrew C.Storm Andres Acosta Barham K.Abu Dayyeh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Madrid Sanchinarro University Hospital MadridSpain

Background: Endoscopic bariatric therapies can help address widening management gaps in obesity. Their ability to facilitate weight loss is largely tied to influences on appetite through perturbations of gastric emptying and accommodation. As these tools gain traction in obesity therapy, their physiologic underpinnings require exploration, which may enhance efficacy, tolerance, and patient-tailored ***: We prospectively assessed consecutive subjects with fluid-filled intragastric balloons (IGBs) (n = 18) placed between October 2016 and june 2017 or underwent endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) (n = 23) from March 2018 to june 2018. Patients underwent physiologic appraisal at 3 months with13C-spirulina-based gastric emptying breath test to determine time to half emptying (T50), as well as maximum tolerated volume (MTV) of a standard nutrient drink test. Changes in T50 and MTV at 3 months were compared with percent total body weight loss (%TBWL) at 3 and 6 months using best-fit linear ***: The change in T50 at 3 months correlated with %TBWL at 3 months for IGB (P = 0.01) and ESG (P = 0.01) but with greater impact on %TBWL in IGB compared to ESG (R2 = 0.42vs. 0.26). Change in T50 at 3 months was predictive of weight loss at 6 months for IGB (P = 0.01) but not ESG (P = 0.11). ESG was associated with greater decrease in MTV compared to IGB (340.25 ± 297.97 mLvs. 183.00 ± 217.13 mL,P = 0.08), indicting an enhanced effect on satiation through decreased gastric accommodation. Changes in MTV at 3 months did not correlate with %TBWL for either IGB (P = 0.26) or ESG (P = 0.49) but trended toward significance for predicting %TBWL at 6 months for ESG (P = 0.06) but not IGB (P = 0.19).Conclusion: IGB and ESG both induce weight loss but likely through distinct gastric motor function phenotypes, and gastric emptying may predict future weight loss in patients with IGB.

关键词： Intragastric balloon Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty Gastric emptying Gastric accommodation Obesity

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The interplay of cell cycle and DNA repair gene alterations in upper tract urothelial carcinoma:predictive and prognostic implications

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2020年第3期3卷 153-160页

作者： Panagiotis j.Vlachostergios Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyNew York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist HospitalBrooklynNY 11215USA

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC)is rare but can occur sporadically outside the context of Lynch *** these cases,knowing whether non-mismatch repair(MMR),DNA damage response and repair(DDR),and cell cycle gene alterationsmay predict responses to chemotherapy orimmunotherapy and survival is of clinical *** study examined the germline and somatic mutational landscape of two UTUC patients with differential responses to programmed death 1(PD-1)/PD-ligand 1(PD-L1)immune checkpoint inhibitors and queried three independent UTUC cohort studies for co-occurrence of key cell cycle and DDR genes,as well as for their associations with overall survival(OS).TP53 and RB1 emerged as potential determinants of shorter OS in UTUC cohort patients,regardless of concurrent DDR alterations,and if prospectively assessed in larger studies they might also explain resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade despite PD-L1 expression.

关键词： upper tract urothelial carcinoma DNA damage response and repair cell cycle genetic testing genomics mutations

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Theoretical modelling of hot gas ingestion through turbine rim seals

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Propulsion and Power Research 2012年第1期1卷 1-11页

作者： j.Michael Owen Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BathBath BA27AYUK

The rim seals of gas turbines are used to prevent or reduce the ingestion of hot mainstream gas into the wheel-space between the turbine rotor and its adjacent stationary *** ingestion is caused by local pressure differences between the mainstream and the wheel-space;ingress usually occurs where the mainstream pressure is higher than that in the wheel-space and egress occurs where it is *** air,which is supplied to the wheel-space,flows through the seal clearance and joins the mainstream *** much sealing air is inefficient;too little can lead to disastrous *** nozzle guide vanes create three-dimensional(3D)variations in the distribution of pressure in the mainstream annulus and the turbine blades create unsteady *** fluid dynamics(CFD)is both time-consuming and expensive for these 3D unsteady flows,and engine designers tend to use correlations or simple models to predict *** paper describes the application of simple‘orifice models’,the analytical solutions of which can be used to calculate the sealing effectiveness of turbine rim *** solutions agree well with available data for externally-induced ingress,where the effects of rotation are negligible,for rotationally-induced ingress,where the effects of the external flow are small,and for combined ingress,where the effects of both external flow and rotation are significant.

关键词： Gas turbine Rim seal Hot gas ingestion Orifice models Rotationally-induced ingress Externally-induced ingress

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Phase Relationship and Properties of MgO Stabilized Zirconia as a Variation of the Sintering Conditions and the Chemistry

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China's Refractories 2017年第2期26卷 7-12页

作者： BORGER A PRIESE A LORICOURT j Center for Abrasives and Refractories Research and Development(C.A.R.R.D.)GmbH Villach 9524Austria Imerys Fused Minerals Murg GmbH Laufenburg 79725Germany

In this paper we present the results of studies on making MgO zirconia sintered parts（ intended to be used as metering nozzles in continuous casting of steel） from monoclinic zirconia and MgO powders via a granulation process. The parts were pressed and sintered under different conditions,and analysed for physical properties,microstructure and phase composition. We found a strong influence of the MgO concentration and the sintering cycle,especially the cooling rate on the thermal shock resistance. The paper concludes with recommendations for the production of zirconia metering nozzles in an economic way.

关键词： zirconia magnesia refractory granula-tion metering nozzles

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Economic Growth and Convergence, Applied to China

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China & World Economy 2016年第5期24卷 5-19页

作者： Robert j. Barro Warburg Professor of Economics Economics Department Harvard UniversityUSA

From the perspective of conditional convergence, China＇s GDP growth rate since 1990 has been surprisingly high. However, China cannot deviate forever from the global historical experience, and the per capita growth rate is likely to fall soon from around 8 percent per year to a range of 3-4 percent. China can be viewed as a middle-income convergence success story, grouped with Costa Rica, Indonesia, Peru, Thailand and Uruguay. Upper-income convergence successes （toward which China is likely heading） include Chile, Hong Kong, Ireland, Malaysia, Poland, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan.

关键词： China convergence dispersion economic growth

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The sky is not falling!

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Economic and Political Studies 2019年第2期7卷 122-147页

作者： Lawrence j.Lau Lau Chor Tak Institute of Global Economics and Finance The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

As of October 2018,almost half of US imports of goods from China are subject to new US tariffs at various rates,mostly at 10%until the year-end of 2018,when the rates were scheduled to be raised to 25%.These tariff rates will prove to be prohibitive for most if not all of the US imports from *** that US imports from China will be reduced by half,the initial direct real impact on the Chinese economy may be estimated at a loss of 0.43%of *** indirect effects are included,the full real impact may be estimated at a maximum loss of 1.12%of Chinese *** estimated impacts are relatively small and quite *** is a possibility that the scope of the US tariffs may be expanded to cover all US imports from China,in which case the full negative economic impact will be doubled,but still leaving an expected rate of economic growth in excess of 4%.The Renminbi is not likely to be significantly devalued as a result of the trade ***,there are also longer-term underlying forces at work behind the China–US trade war–the competition for economic and technological dominance and the rise of populism,isolationism,nationalism and *** is important for China–US relations,and China’s relations with the rest of the world,in particular with the European Union,Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN),japan and Russia,to be carefully managed going forward.

关键词： International trade trade war trade surplus tariff China–US relationship

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Wars as Dividing Significance of the Lines？ Rethinking the Sino-japanese War in Twentieth Century China

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Frontiers of History in China 2018年第1期13卷 73-89页

作者： j. Megan Greene Department of History University of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA

Historical periodization frequently takes wars as turning points--as ruptures that signify the end or beginning of an era. At the same time, front lines have often been taken as boundaries that contain the activities of one side or the other. Thus, discontinuity and disjuncture rather than continuity and fluidity have o-en been the points of emphasis among historians who have taken war events as turning points, or who have seen lines of combat as impermeable. A new focus on the Sino-japanese War period has begun to reveal ways in which that moment served not as an interruption but as a part of longer term processes of change and development that characterized China＇s mid-twentieth century. It also permits us to gain a deeper understanding of the fluidity of human movement and socio-economic interaction that frequently boundaries and to think about similarities various Chinese spaces. The aim of this paper crossed both political and military linkages, and differences between is to consider ways in which the new generation of scholarship on the Sino-japanese War period offers new ways of thinking about continuity, change, similarity and difference across both temporal and physical boundaries that have served as the parameters for much of the earlier scholarship on the period. To this end, the paper examines recent literature on the Sino-japanese War period, as well as literature that crosses that period, to examine ways in which this historiography has challenged conventional periodizations and political and geographical delineations

关键词： Sino-japanese War western China collaboration development impact of war

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Can inhibition of telomerase increase pancreatic cancer cell's susceptibility to chemotherapeutic reagents?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2002年第1期1卷 155-160页

作者： Thomas j.Ⅲ Fahey Department of Surgery Cornell University Medical College New York NY USA

Objectives: To clarify the inhibition of pancreatic can-cer cells by interference with the hTR component of thetelomerase reverse transcriptase enzymatic complexand evaluate susceptibility of antisense hTR pancreaticcancer cells to chemotherapeutic ***: A 593 bp of full length hTR cDNA was sub-cloned into a mammalian expression vector pcDNA3.1(-) in antisense orientation to construct an antisensehTR expression plasmid. The plasmids were introducedinto Pancl cells, a human pancreatic carcinoma cellline, by lipofectin, and G418-resistant stable trans-formants were expanded. Resulting stable clones werescreened for the presence of hTR insert by PCR withT7 and BGH reverse primers located on the flanks ofthe multiclonal site of pcDNA3.1 vector. Cell growth rate,hTR expression, telomerase activity, and anchorage-in-dependent growth property were analyzed. Finally, sus-ceptibility of antisense hTR cells to chemotherapeuticreagents was ***: Significant downregulation of endogenous hTRwas evident in the antisense-hTR transformed cells,and telomerase activity was markedly decreased com-pared to control cells in standard TRAP assays. Fur-thermore, the proliferation and the anchorage-inde-pendent growth ability in antisense-hTR expressingcells were significantly decreased compared with thecontrol parental cells. However, no crisis or senescencephenomena was observed. Antisense hTR appears toincrease Pancl cell's susceptibility to chemotherapeuticreagent cDDP, but not to differentiation reagent DM-SO, COX2 inhibitor sulinbac, NS-398, curcumin, andchemotherapeutic reagent adriamycin(ADM).Conclusions: These data indicate that hTR is probablya critical component of human telomerase activity andthat downregulation of the RNA component of humantelomerase is an effective target for anticancer strategyand antisense hTR can increase Pancl cell's susceptibilityto cDDP.

关键词： Telomerase hTR Antisense Pancreatic carcinoma cellline chemotherapeutic reagents

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采用CT评估胰腺癌新辅助治疗后肿瘤可切除性和治疗反应：观察者间一致性的研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2022年第4期 492-493页

作者： H.Y.Kim Y.j.Lee W.Chang j.Cho j.H.Park j.C.Lee 王雪莲耿广

摘要目的首先，评价基于再分期CT进行新辅助治疗后胰腺癌可切除性和治疗反应评估的观察者间一致性；其次，评估预测切缘阴性的诊断效能。方法本回顾性研究纳入

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