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Catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline medium:Configuring a cooperative mechanism at the Ag-Ag_(2)S-MoS_(2) interface

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第11期31卷 481-488,I0013页

作者： Avraham bar-Hen Simon Hettler Ashwin ramasubramaniam raul Arenal ronen bar-Ziv Maya bar Sadan Department of Chemistry Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 8410501Israel Department of Chemistry Nuclear Research Center NegevP.O.Box 9001Beer-Sheva 84190Israel Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas Universidad de Zaragoza50018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon CSIC-U.de ZaragozaCalle Pedro Cerbuna 1250009 ZaragozaSpain Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003United States ArAID Foundation 50018 ZaragozaSpain

Designing electrocatalysts for HEr in alkaline conditions to overcome the sluggish kinetics associated with the additional water dissociation step is a recognized challenge in promoting the hydrogen *** this end,delicately tuning the atomic-scale structure and surface composition of nanoparticles is a common strategy and,specifically,making use of hybrid structures,can produce synergistic effects that lead to highly active ***,we present a core-shell catalyst of Ag@MoS_(2)that shows promising results towards the hydrogen evolution reaction(HEr)in both 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4)and 0.5 M *** this hybrid structure,the MoS_(2)shell is strained and defective,and charge transfer occurs between the conductive core and the shell,contributing to the electrocatalytic *** shelling process results in a large fraction of Ag_(2)S in the cores,and adjusting the relative fractions of Ag,Ag_(2)S,and MoS_(2)leads to improved catalytic activity and fast charge-transfer *** suggest that the enhancement of alkaline HEr is associated with a cooperative effect of the interfaces,where the Ag(Ⅰ)sites in Ag_(2)S drive the water dissociation step,and the formed hydrogen subsequently recombines on the defective MoS_(2)*** study demonstrates the benefits of hybrid structures as functional nanomaterials and provides a scheme to activate MoS_(2)for HEr in alkaline conditions.

关键词： Water splitting Core-shell Catalytic mechanism Electrocatalysis 2D materials

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Influence of location of large-scale asperity on shear strength of concrete-rock interface under eccentric load

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journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第3期12卷 449-460页

作者： Dipen Bista Gabriel sas Fredrik johansson Leif Lia SINTEF Narvik As Narvik8517Norway Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU) Trondheim7491Norway royal Institute of Technology(KTH) Stockholm10044Sweden

The location and geometry of large-scale asperity present at the foundation of concrete gravity dams and buttress dams affect the shear resistance of the concrete-rock ***,the parameters describing the frictional resistance of the interface usually do not account for these *** could result in an underestimate of the peak shear stre ngth,which leads to significantly conservative design for new dams or unnecessary stability enhancing measures for existing *** aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the location of first-order asperity on the peak shear strength of a concrete-rock interface under eccentric load and the model discrepancy associated with the commonly used rigid body methods for calculating the factor of safety(FS)against *** this,a series of direct and eccentric shear tests under constant normal load(CNL)was carried out on concrete-rock *** peak shear strengths measured in the tests were compared in terms of asperity location and with the predicted values from analytical rigid body *** results showed that the large-scale asperity under eccentric load significantly affected the peak shear ***,unlike the conventional assumption of sliding or shear failure of an asperity in direct shear,under the effect of eccentric shear load,a tensile failure in the rock or in the concrete could occur,resulting in a lower shear strength compared with that of direct shear *** results could have important implications for assessment of the FS against sliding failure in the concrete-rock interface.

关键词： Shear strength Concrete-rock interface Asperity location Eccentric load Model discrepancy Dam foundation

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Numerical parametric study on the influence of location and inclination of large-scale asperities on the shear strength of concreterock interfaces of small buttress dams

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journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第10期16卷 4319-4329页

作者： Dipen Bista Adrian Ulfberg Leif Lia jaime Gonzalez-Libreros Fredrik johansson Gabriel sas Sintef Narvik AS 8517NarvikNorway Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU) 7491TrondheimNorway LuleåUniversity of Technology(LTU) 97187LuleåSweden KTH royal Institute of Technology 10044StockholmSweden

When assessing the sliding stability of a concrete dam,the influence of large-scale asperities in the sliding plane is often ignored due to limitations of the analytical rigid body assessment methods provided by current dam assessment ***,these asperities can potentially improve the load capacity of a concrete dam in terms of sliding *** their influence in a sliding plane has been thoroughly studied for direct shear,their influence under eccentric loading,as in the case of dams,is *** paper presents the results of a parametric study that used finite element analysis(FEA)to investigate the influence of large-scale asperities on the load capacity of small buttress *** varying the inclination and location of an asperity located in the concrete-rock interface along with the strength of the rock foundation material,transitions between different failure modes and correlations between the load capacity and the varied parameters were *** results indicated that the inclination of the asperity had a significant impact on the failure *** the inclinationwas 30and greater,interlocking occurred between the dam and foundation and the governing failure modes were either rupture of the dam body or *** the asperity inclination was significant enough to provide interlocking,the load capacity of the dam was impacted by the strength of the rock in the foundation through influencing the load capacity of the *** location of the asperity along the concrete-rock interface did not affect the failure mode,except for when the asperity was located at the toe of the dam,but had an influence on the load capacity when the failure occurred by rupture of the buttress or by *** accounting for a single large-scale asperity in the concrete-rock interface of the analysed dam,a horizontal load capacity increase of 30%e160%was obtained,depending on the inclination and location of the asperity and the strength of the found

关键词： Concrete dam Buttress dam Sliding Shear strength Concrete-rock interface Asperity inclination Asperity location

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Corrosion in Mg-alloy biomedical implants-the strategies to reduce the impact of the corrosion inflammatory reaction and microbial activity

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第12期10卷 3306-3326页

作者： Soumya Saha Widya Lestari Caroline Dini Murni Nazira Sarian Hendra Hermawan Valentim A.r.barão Cortino Sukotjo Christos Takoudis Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoUnited States Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences Department Kulliyyah of DentistryInternational Islamic University MalaysiaKuantanMalaysia Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology Piracicaba Dental SchoolUniversity of Campinas(UNICAMP)PiracicabaBrazil Institute of Systems Biology(INBiosIS) Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBandar Baru BangiSelangor 43600Malaysia Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringLaval UniversityQuebec CityQC G1V 0A6Canada Department of restorative Dentistry University of Illinois at Chicago College of DentistryChicagoUnited States Department of Chemical Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoUnited States

The most common complication of orthopedic surgery is implant failure, which can result in catastrophic injury and a significant financial burden for patients. Implant failure can be caused by a variety of factors, the most common of which are peri–implant infection(or implantrelated infection), excessive inflammatory response which caused pain and aseptic loosening. Orthopedic surgeons now have a variety of options for treating these issues, including revision surgery, which has demonstrated to be effective. If excessive inflammatory reaction caused by the corrosion and peri–implant infection can be avoided, it will be of enormous social benefits. This review will provide a summary of corrosion and the inflammation reactions due to the corrosion and antimicrobial properties of Mg alloy-based implants covering both in vitro and in vivo studies. The strategies on hindering/overcoming the excessive inflammatory response and enhancing the antimicrobial activity are discussed in this review.

关键词： Mg-alloy implants review Corrosion and inflammation Microbial infection

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Suitability and assessment of the dams water for the purpose of agricultural irrigation

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International journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第6期16卷 255-262页

作者： barış Bülent Aşık Esra Bozan Kapdı Bursa Uludag University Faculty of AgricultureDepartment of Soil Science and Plant NutritionBursaTurkey Bursa Uludag University Graduate School of Natural and Applied ScienceBursaTurkey

This study was carried out to evaluate the water quality of selected dam lakes as well as their suitability for agricultural *** dams were selected for water sampling and samples were collected monthly,including during the irrigation season for a period of one year from March to September *** samples were analyzed for temperature,pH,physicochemical parameters such as temperature,pH value,salinity(EC),anions(CO_(3),HCO_(3),CI,SO_(4),P,NO_(3)),cations(Na,K,Ca,Mg,B,NH_(4))and heavy *** irrigation suitability assessment was made using various indices such as SAr(sodium adsorption rate),TDS(total dissolved solids),Na%(sodium percentage),rSC(residual sodium bicarbonate),MAr(magnesium adsorption rate),Kr(Kelly ratio),and PI(permeability index).The temperature values of the water samples varied between 5.8℃-25.1℃,pH and EC values changed between 7.51 and 8.46,282,and 1400μS/cm *** water samples were evaluated as C_(2)S_(1) and C_(3)S_(1) irrigation water *** heavy metal contents of the water samples were determined below the limit *** dams were found suitable for irrigation in terms of EC(salinity),SAr(sodium adsorption rate),TDS(total dissolved solids),Na%(sodium percentage),rSC(residual sodium bicarbonate),MAr(magnesium adsorption rate),and Kr(Kelly ratio).Water samples were determined as the second class of PI(permeability index).Güllübağdam was not found suitable as irrigation water in terms of EC,Na%,rSC,and Kr *** a result,it specifically points to the restrictions on the use of water from the Güllübağdam for irrigation purposes.

关键词： anions cations irrigation water water quality

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Combustion characteristics of low-quality lignite for different bed material sphericities in a circulating fluidized bed boiler:A numerical study

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 364-382页

作者： barış Gürel Gülşah Karaca Dolgun Osman İpek Ali Keçebaş Department of Mechanical Engineering Engineering FacultySüleyman Demirel UniversityÇünürIspartaTurkey Department of Energy Systems Engineering Technology FacultyMuğla SıtkıKoçman UniversityKötekliMenteşeMuğlaTurkey

This study delves into the combustion behavior of various lignite types within a circulating fluidized bed boiler(CFBB),with a primary focus on the impact of different bed material sphericity ratios(0.5,0.7,and 0.9).Utilizing bed material with a sphericity ratio of 0.9 sourced from theÇan power plant and verified through experimentation,the research reveals several key ***,furnace temperatures tended to rise with higher sphericity ratios,albeit with variations between lignite types,particularly highlighting the complexity of this relationship in the case of GLI-Tunçbilek *** levels in the combustion chamber remained consistent across different sphericity ratios,indicating minimal influence on pressure *** combustion efficiency,especially at the bottom of the boiler,was observed at lower sphericity levels(0.5 and 0.7)forÇan lignite,as reflected in CO_(2) mole *** NO_(x) emissions generally decreased with lower sphericity,the sensitivity to sphericity varied by lignite type,with Ilgın lignite showcasing low NO_(x) but high SO_(2) emissions,underscoring the intricate interplay between lignite properties,sphericity,and ***,this study advances our understanding of CFBB combustion dynamics,offering insights valuable for optimizing performance and emissions control,particularly in lignite-based power.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed boiler Computational particle fluid dynamics method Particle sphericity ratios NO_(x)and SO_(2)emissions Energy production efficiency

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Mesozoic and Cenozoic microbiotas from eastern Antarctic Peninsula: adaptation to a changing palaeoenvironment

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Advances in Polar Science 2019年第3期30卷 165-185页

作者： Cecilia r.AMENábar Andrea CArAMéS Susana ADAMONIS Ana DOLDAN Gabriel MACEIrAS Andrea CONCHEYrO Instituto de Estudios Andinos"Don Pablo Groeber".Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas.Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires.Pabellón II.Ciudad Universitaria Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires Instituto Antártico Argentino

A compiled selected literature on some groups of microfossils of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic of the james ross Basin,eastern Antarctic Peninsula,is presented here,in order to show how the microbiota has been modified over time,triggered by environmental *** analyzed microfossils consist of palynomorphs(mostly pollen grains,spores,and dinoflagellate cysts),foraminifers and *** cysts and pollen-spores have been recorded in jurassic to Pleistocene sedimentary *** cysts proved to be good indicators for productivity and/or nutrient availability,surface water temperature and chemistry,the position of ancient shorelines and paleoceanographic *** and spores allowed reconstruction of floral community and thus characterization of the climate that prevailed on the ***,recovered from the Lower Cretaceous to the Pleistocene sedimentary rocks,provided information about the bathymetry,showing different marine settings(e.g.,coastal,inner neritic,outer neritic,upper bathyal)in different *** bryozoan record is restricted to the *** colonial growth-forms reflect several environmental conditions such as shallow waters with a low rate of sedimentation,hard substrate and moderate or strong current action for the analyzed *** study of the Antarctic ecosystems based on the fossil microbiota and their response to the climate and the continental configuration changes,allowed understanding of the composition and dynamics of the polar environments,which have an important role in the Earth climate.

关键词： pollen-spores dinoflagellate cysts foraminifers bryozoans palaeoenvironment Mesozoic-Cenozoic james ross Basin Antarctic Peninsula

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A miniaturized assay to quantify effects of chemicals or physical stimuli upon locust activity

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Insect Science 2006年第5期13卷 401-407页

作者： BrUNO HOSTE FILIP sas TIM VANDErSMISSEN ArNOLD DE LOOF MICHAEL BrEUEr jUrGEN HUYBrECHTS Laboratory for Developmental Physiology Genomics and Proteomics Zoological Insitute K.U. Leuven Leuven Belgium

Solitary and gregarious locusts differ in many traits, such as body color, morphometrics and behavior. With respect to behavior, solitary animals shun each other, while gregarious animals seek each other＇s company, hence their crowding behavior. General activity, depending on the temperature, occurs throughout the day but is much lower in solitary locusts. Solitary locusts occasionally fly by night while gregarious locusts fly regularly during daytime （swarming）. In search of new assays to identify substances that control or modify aspects of （phase） behavior, we designed a simple activity assay, meant to complement existing behavioral measurement tools. The general activity is reflected in the number of wall hits, that is, the number of contacts between the locust and the vertical walls of a small arena. Using this single parameter we were able to quantify differences in total activity of both nymphs and adults of isolation-reared （solitary）, regrouped- and crowdreared （gregarious） locusts under different conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that there are inter- and intra-phase dependent differences in activities of 5th instar nymphs afar injections of the three different adipokinetic hormones.

关键词： AKH locomotion Locusta migratoria neurohormones phase transition Schistocerca gregaria

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Circulating CD14＋ monocytes in patients with aortic stenosis

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journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第1期13卷 81-87页

作者： Sara Shimoni Valery Meledin Iris bar jacob Fabricant Gera Gandelman jacob George Heart Institute Kaplan Medical Center Rehovot Israel

BackgroundCalcific aortic stenosis （AS） is an active process sharing similarities with atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation. The pathophysiology of AS is notable for three cardinal components： inflammation, fibrosis and calcification. Monocytes play a role in each of these processes. The role of circulating monocytes in AS is not clear. The aim of the present study was to study an association between cir-culating apoptotic and non apoptotic CD14＋ monocytes and AS *** assessed the number of CD14＋ monocytes and apoptotic monocytes in 54 patients with significant AS （aortic valve area 0.74 ± 0.27 cm2） and compared them to 33 patients with similar risk factors and no valvular disease. The level of CD14＋ monocytes and apoptotic monocytes was assessed by flow *** was no difference in the risk factor profile and known coronary or peripheral vascular diseases between patients with AS and ***-tients with AS exhibited increased numbers of CD14＋ monocytes as compared to controls （9.9% ± 4.9%vs. 7.7% ± 3.9%,P= 0.03）. CD14＋ monocyte number was related to age and the presence and severity of AS. In patients with AS, both CD14＋ monocytes and apoptotic mono-cytes were inversely related to aortic valve *** with significant AS have increased number of circulating CD14＋ monocytes and there is an inverse correlation between monocyte count and aortic valve area. These findings may suggest that inflammation is operative not only in early valve injury phase, but also at later developed stages such as calcification when AS is severe.

关键词： Aortic stenosis Inflammation Monocytes

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Editing landscapes:Experimental frameworks for territorial-based robotic fabrication

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Frontiers of Architectural research 2023年第1期12卷 104-117页

作者： Karen Lee bar-Sinai Tal Alon-Mozes Aaron Sprecher Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel

With the advent of on-site robotic tools,they can be deployed for editing landscapes e defined as the modulation of grounds with a high degree of sensitivity to matter and *** paper contributes a theoretical grounding and two experimental frameworks for territorial-based robotic *** experimental framework supports a robotic capacity for informing and forming grounds,demonstrated in relation to extreme territories using simulation *** frameworks include(1)a layer-sensitive modulation for protecting topsoil and(2)a performance-based robotic forming for creating wind *** each framework,the paper proposes a setup,an exploration method,and an evaluation *** on the presented frameworks,the paper outlines three potentials of territorialbased robotic fabrication:the capability to modulate grounds vertically,the possibility to perform cross-scalar forming,and the opportunity to form dynamic,performative *** paper concludes with potential ways in which robotic tools could be leveraged for advancing precise landscape editing across scales.

关键词： Landscape modulation robotic fabrication Informing grounds Performative design Territorial-based design

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