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Should we have a guard against therapeutic nihilism for patients with severe traumatic brain inj.ry?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第11期12卷 1801-1803页

作者： ryan Hirschi Casey Rommel Gregory W.j.Hawryluk School of Medicine University of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA Department of Biomedical Informatics School of MedicineUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA Department of Neurological Surgery University of UtahClinical Neurosciences CenterSalt Lake CityUTUSA

Many clinicians would agree that a vegetative outcome is a fate worse than death after a severe traumatic brain inj.ry （TBI）. In an effort to avoid poor outcomes of this nature, neurotrauma practitioners draw from their training and experience to make the monumental decision of when to recommend against aggressive care in severe TBI patients. Such j.dgements are,

关键词： guard against therapeutic evere traumatic

Does sexual dimorphism vary by population? Laryngeal and ear anatomy in cricket frogs

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Current Zoology 2019年第3期65卷 343-352页

作者： Blinda E.MCCLELLAND Michael j.ryan Walter WILCZYNSKI Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Neuroscience Institute and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience Georgia State University Atlanta GA 30303 USA

Acoustic communication in many anuran species can show the effects of both natural and sexual selection. This is reflected in the sexually dimorphic an atomy of the lary nx and ear structures, as well as the allometric relationship of these morphological traits to head or body size. In this study, we examined laryngeal and ear structures of cricket frogs Acris crepitans not only as sexually dimorphic characteristics, but also as they differ across populations in environmentally different habitats. We used 2-way ANOVA to determine whether the volumetric or linear measurements of these structures differed by sex and population. Females have significantly larger body, head, and ear sizes, but significantly smaller larynges than males. Furthermore, females as well as males show larger body and head sizes, ears, and larynges in a dryer open habitat. An ANCOVA analysis shows that males, but not females, differ in laryngeal size across populations beyond the allometric changes attributable to head size alone indicating that males have a greater degree of laryngeal population variation. In contrast, our covariate analysis found that in both sexes many of the ear differences are non-sigrdficant once head size is accounted for, suggesting that most of the population-level ear variation is due to allometric effects of body size. We conclude that although both sexes show size differences in the larynx related to selection for larger body size in dry, open habitats, selection on males for larger larynx size related to the production of lower frequency calls in those habitats does not result in correlated changes in the female larynx. The results suggest that in anurans, selection for changes in body and head size affects both sexes equally, male calls and the vocal structures responsible for them can further diversify without concordant changes in females.

关键词： acoustic communication allometry amphibians population variation sex differences

Simulation of an Antimatter Beam Core Engine for Space Travel

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j.urnal of Modern Physics 2019年第11期10卷 1353-1363页

作者： Matthew Dubiel ryan j. Hooper Department of Physics Lewis University Romeoville Illinois USA

An exciting prospect is the use of antimatter as a fuel source due to its ability to convert mass energy to kinetic energy. Upon annihilation of antimatter with matter, tremendous amounts of energy are carried away by charged and neutral particles. By redirecting the charged particles through an exhaust using a non-uniform magnetic field, an impulse can be generated capable of supplying thrust to an engine. Using the Geant 4 simulation toolkit developed by CERN, we simulate this process using a beam core engine design. By analyzing charged pions that result from antiproton-proton annihilation, we optimize the engine parameters and derive a specific impulse for antiproton fuel as used in the beam core configuration. A specific impulse of (2.49 ± 0.08) × 106 s was determined. This value is significantly higher than specific impulses of current chemical rocket fuels which range from 240 - 400 s.

关键词： Antimatter Antiproton Annihilation Space Travel Geant4

Filamentous Green Algae Reduce Walleye Fingerling Production in Earthen-Substrate Ponds

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Open j.urnal of Animal Sciences 2021年第2期11卷 157-163页

作者： Matthew j. Ward ryan A. Rasmus South Dakota Department of Game Fish and Parks Blue Dog State Fish Hatchery Waubay USA

Reduced walleye (Sander vitreus) fingerling production possibly related to nuisance filamentous green algae and overly stable water chemistry patterns is a concern in earthen-substrate ponds at Blue Dog State Fish Hatchery, South Dakota, USA. We describe the success of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) meal (AFM, n = 2), alfalfa meal plus soybean (Glycine max) meal (AFM + SBM, n = 1), and alfalfa meal plus liquid 28N:0P:0K (AFM + 28:0:0, n = 1) at achieving walleye production obj.ctives (>104,000 walleye and 32 kilograms/hectare) as well as the occurrence of filamentous green algae and the associated patterns of am

关键词： Filamentous Green Algae Walleye Pond Culture

Compositionally restricted attention-based network for materials property predictions

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npj.Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 684-693页

作者： Anthony Yu-Tung Wang Steven K.Kauwe ryan j.Murdock Taylor D.Sparks Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials Technische Universität BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Materials Science&Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA

In this paper,we demonstrate an application of the Transformer self-attention mechanism in the context of materials *** network,the Compositionally Restricted Attention-Based network(CrabNet),explores the area of structure-agnostic materials property predictions when only a chemical formula is *** results show that CrabNet’s performance matches or exceeds current best-practice methods on nearly all of 28 total benchmark *** also demonstrate how CrabNet’s architecture lends itself towards model interpretability by showing different visualization approaches that are made possible by its *** feel confident that CrabNet and its attention-based framework will be of keen interest to future materials informatics researchers.

关键词： network property restricted

Developmental and Feedforward Control of the Expression of Folate Biosynthesis Genes in Tomato Fruit

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 66-77页

作者： j.ffrey C. Wallera Tariq A. Akhtar Aurora Lara-Nunez j.sse F. Gregory lli ryan R McQuinn j.mes j. Giovannoni Andrew D. Hanson Horticultural Sciences Department University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA Food Science and Human Nutrition Department University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Ithaca NY 14853 USA

Little is known about how plants regulate their folate content, including whether the expression of folate biosynthesis genes is orchestrated during development or modulated by folate levels. Nor is much known about how folate levels impact the expression of other genes. These points were addressed using wild-type tomato fruit and fruit engineered for high folate content. In wild-type fruit, the expression of genes specifying early steps in folate biosynthesis declined during development but that of other genes did not. In engineered fruit overexpressing foreign GTP cyclohy- drolase I and aminodeoxychorismate synthase genes, the expression of the respective endogenous genes did not change, but that of three downstream pathway genes--aminodeoxychorismate lyase, dihydroneopterin aldolase, and mitochondrial folylpolyglutamate synthase--respectively increased by up to 7.8-, 2.8-, and 1.7-fold, apparently in response to the build-up of specific folate pathway metabolites. These results indicate that, in fruit, certain folate pathway genes are developmentally regulated and that certain others are subj.ct to feedforward control by pathway intermediates. Micro- array analysis showed that only 14 other transcripts （of 11 000 surveyed） increased in abundance by two-fold or more in high-folate fruit, demonstrating that the induction of folate pathway genes is relatively specific.

关键词： Folate biosynthesis fruit development metabolic engineering transcript profiling.

Galaxy formation in the reionization epoch as hinted by WideField Camera 3 observations of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第9期10卷 867-904页

作者： Hao-j.ng Yan Rogier A. Windhorst Nimish E Hathi Seth H. Cohen Russell E.ryan Robert W. O＇Connell Patrick j. McCarthy Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics The Ohio State University 191 West Woodruff Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA Department of Physics ＆ Astronomy University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Department of Physics University of California One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA Astronomy Department University of Virginia P.O. Box 3818 Charlottesville VA 22903 USA Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington 813 Santa Barbara Street Pasadena CA 91101 USA

We present a large sample of candidate galaxies at z ≈ 7 - 10, selected in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field using the new observations of the Wide Field Camera 3 that was recently installed on the Hubble Space Telescope. Our sample is composed of 20 z850-dropouts （four new discoveries）, 15 Y105-dropouts （nine new discoveries） and 20 j.25-dropouts （all new discoveries）. The surface densities of the Z850-dropouts are close to what was predicted by earlier studies, however, those of the Y105- and j.25-dropouts are quite unexpected. While no Y105- or j.25-dropouts have been found at AB ≤ 28.0 mag, their surface densities seem to increase sharply at fainter levels. While some of these candidates seem to be close to foreground galaxies and thus could possibly be gravitationally lensed, the overall surface densities after excluding such cases are still much higher than what would be expected if the luminosity function does not evolve from z ～ 7 to 10. Motivated by such steep increases, we tentatively propose a set of Schechter function parameters to describe the luminosity functions at z ≈8 and 10. As compared to their counterpart at z ≈ 7, here L^＊ decreases by a factor of ～ 6.5 and Ф^＊ increases by a factor of 17-90. Although such parameters are not yet demanded by the existing observations, they are allowed and seem to agree with the data better than other alternatives. If these luminosity functions are still valid beyond our current detection limit, this would imply a sudden emergence of a large number of low-luminosity galaxies when looking back in time to z ≈ 10, which, while seemingly exotic, would naturally fit in the picture of the cosmic hydrogen reionization. These early galaxies could easily account for the ionizing photon budget required by the reionization, and they would imply that the global star formation rate density might start from a very high value at z ≈ 10, rapidly reach the minimum at z≈ 7, and start to rise again towards z ≈ 6. In this scenario, the maj

关键词： cosmology observations -- cosmology early universe -- galaxies evolution -- galaxies luminosity function, mass function -- infrared galaxies

Are we leveling the playing field？ Trends and disparities in sports participation among sexual minority youth in Canada

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第2期7卷 218-226页

作者： Marion Doull ryan j.Watson Annie Smith Yuko Homma Elizabeth Saewyc Stigma and Resilience Among Vulnerable Youth Centre School of Nursing University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia V6T2B5 Canada Department of Human Development and Family Studies University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA McCreary Centre Society Vancouver British Columbia V5K2A 7 Canada School of Nursing Mukogawa Women's University Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8558 Japan

Purpose: Sports participation and physical fitness are widely beneficial for young people, yet activity levels among young people are *** growing popular media attention on the participation of sexual minority(e.g., lesbian, gay, and bisexual) youth in sports and various campaigns to improve the often homophobic climate of sports, there is limited evidence that sexual minority youth participate in sports. Our aim was to provide a current portrait of sports participation among 3 groups of sexual minority youth(e.g., lesbian, gay, and bisexual) in British Columbia, Canada, as well as to document population ***: Pooled population-level data from British Columbia, Canada(n = 99,373) were used to examine trends and disparities in sports participation among sexual minority and heterosexual youth. Age-adj.sted logistic regression models were used to examine changes in participation over time and disparities in participation over time(1998—2013).Results: We found an overall decline in sports participation and physical activity(PA) for all youth. Sexual minority students were less likely to participate in formal sports(with a coach) and informal sports(without a coach) compared with their heterosexual peers. The disparity in participating in informal sports between heterosexual and sexual minority youth has narrowed over time for some sexual orientation groups, whereas the disparity in participating in formal sports has widened over time in some ***: This study provides a comprehensive examination of sports participation among sexual minority youth over the past 15 *** changing societal attitudes and laudable efforts to reduce homophobia in sports, results suggest that there are continued barriers to participation for sexual minority youth. Further research is needed to understand the factors that limit sports participation for these youth and to inform program development. PA is critical to lifelong health and well-being, and

关键词： Canada Disparities Physical activity Sexual minority youth Sexual orientation Sports participation

Ultrasound-Guided Greater Occipital Nerve Hydrodissection for Treatment of Cervicogenic Headache: A Case Report

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2023年第1期11卷 1-8页

作者： Paul j. ryan Dominic C. Harmon Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine University Hospital Limerick Dooradoyle Limerick Ireland

We describe an innovative technique of ultrasound-guided greater occipital nerve (GON) hydrodissection for treatment of cervicogenic headache and occipital neuralgia. A 35-year-old female presented to the pain clinic with severe chronic cervicogenic headache impacting her sleep, work and activities of daily living. Conservative management had failed to adequately resolve her pain. Ultrasound-guided suboccipital hydrodissection of the greater occipital nerve was performed with the patient in the prone position. After skin sterilization, the linear ultrasound transducer was oriented in a transverse orientation at the level of the C2-C3 vertebrae. The needle was advanced from medial to lateral “in-plane” under direct ultrasound visualization, until the needle was positioned at the C2 lamina. After confirming the needle tip position, 10 ml of hydrodissection fluid was inj.cted with good visualization of distribution of the solution. The patient described immediate and significant improvement in her symptoms. She reported a sustained decrease in pain scores when followed up in the pain clinic at six and twelve weeks respectively. To the best of our knowledge this is the first application of ultrasound-guided hydrodissection of the GON for cervicogenic headache. It offers a novel, safe and effective technique to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of a common pain condition.

关键词： Cervicogenic Headache Neck Pain Occipital Nerve Hydrodissection Ultrasound