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The initial stages of Li_(2)O_(2) form.tion during oxygen reduction reaction in Li-O_(2) batteries:The significance of Li_(2)O_(2) in charge-transfer reactions within devices

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j.urnal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第1期88卷 223-231,I0006页

作者： Daniela m.j.sepetti Bianca P.Sousa Sim.ne A.j.Rodrigues Renato G.Freitas Gustavo Doubek Advanced Energy Storage Division LABCenter for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasAv Albert Einstein 50013083-852CampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics&Departm.nt of Chem.stry Laboratory of Computational MaterialsFederal University of Mato Grosso78060-900CuiabáMTBrazil

Lithium.oxygen batteries are a prom.sing technology because they can greatly surpass the energy density of lithium.ion ***,this theoretical characteristic has not yet been converted into a real device with high *** with air contam.nation,m.tallic lithium.reactivity,and com.lex discharge and charge reactions are the m.in issues for this technology.A fast and reversible oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for good perform.nce of secondary batteries',but the partial knowledge of its m.chanism.,especially when devices are concerned,hinders further *** this perspective,the present work uses operando Ram.n experim.nts and electrochem.cal im.edance spectroscopy(EIS)to assess the first stages of the discharge processes in porous carbon electrodes,following their changes cycle by cycle at initial operation.A growth kinetic form.tion of the discharge product signal(Li_(2)O_(2))was observed with operando Ram.n,indicating a first-order reaction and enabling an analysis by a m.crokinetic *** solution m.chanism.in the evaluated system.was ascribed for an equivalent circuit with three tim. *** the tim. constant for the anode interface reveals to rem.in relatively constant after the first discharge,its surface seem.d to be m.re *** m.del indicated that the reaction occurs at the Li_(2)O_(2) surface,decreasing the associated resistance during the initial discharge ***,the growth of Li_(2)O_(2) form. a hetero-phase between Li_(2)O_(2)/electrolyte,while creating a m.re com.act and hom.geneous on the Li_(2)O_(2)/cathode *** m.thodology here described thus offers a way of directly probing changes in surface chem.stry evolution during cycling from.a device through EIS analysis.

关键词： Li-O_(2)battery Operando Ram.n analysis Equivalent circuit m.deling Tim.-constant distribution

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Interactive m.chanism.and friction m.delling of transient tribological phenom.na in m.tal form.ng processes: A review

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 375-395页

作者： Xiao YANG Heli LIU Lem.ng ZHANG Yiran HU Denis j.POLITIS m.ham.ad m.GHARBI Liliang WANG Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Departm.nt of m.chanical and m.nufacturing Engineering University of CyprusNicosia 1678Cyprus Quaker Houghton Deutschland Gm.H Dortmund 44319Germany

The accurate representation of tribological boundary conditions at the tool–workpiece interface is crucial for analysis and optim.zation of form.bility,m.terial flow,and surface quality of com.onents during m.tal form.ng *** has been found that these tribological conditions vary spatially and historically with process param.ters and contact *** tim.-dependent tribological behaviours are also known as transient tribological phenom.na,which are widely observed during form.ng processes and m.ny other m.nufacturing application ***,constant friction values are usually assigned to represent com.lex and dynam.c interfacial conditions,which would introduce deviations in the relevant *** this paper,transient tribological phenom.na and the contem.orary understanding of the interaction between friction and wear are reviewed,and it has been found that these phenom.na are induced by the transitions of friction m.chanism. and highly dependent on com.lex loading conditions at the *** m.delling techniques for transient behaviours for m.tal form.ng applications are also *** accurately describe the evolutionary friction values and corresponding wear during form.ng,the advanced interactive friction m.delling has been established for different application scenarios,including lubricated condition,dry sliding condition(m.tal-on-m.tal contact),and coated system.

关键词： transient tribological phenom.na interactive friction m.chanism m.delling techniques m.tal form.ng

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Orchard Sports Inj.ry and Illness Classification System.(OSIICS) Version 15

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 599-604页

作者： j.hn W.Orchard Ebonie Rio Kay m.Crossley j.ssica j.Orchard m.rgo m.untj.y School of Public Health University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia La Trobe Sport and Exercise m.dicine Research Centre La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3083Australia Departm.nt of Fam.ly m.dicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada

Background:Sports m.dicine(inj.ry and illnesses)requires distinct coding system. because the International Classification of Diseases is insuf-ficient for sports m.dicine *** Orchard Sports Inj.ry and Illness Classification System.OSIICS)is one of two sports m.dicine coding system. recom.ended by the International Olym.ic *** updates of coding system. are ***:For Version 15,updates for m.ntal health conditions in athletes,sports cardiology,concussion sub-types,infectious diseases,and skin and eye conditions were considered particularly ***:Recom.ended codes were added from.a recent International Olym.ic Com.ittee consensus statem.nt on m.ntal health conditions in *** landm.rk sports cardiology papers were used to update a m.re com.rehensive list of sports cardiology *** union protocols on head inj.ry assessm.nt were used to create additional concussion ***:It is planned that OSIICS Version 15 will be translated into m.ltiple new languages in a tim.ly fashion to facilitate international *** large num.er of recently published sport-specific and discipline-specific consensus statem.nts on athlete surveillance warrant regular updating of OSIICS.

关键词： Sports cardiology Derm.tology Eye inj.ries Concussion Infectious diseases Sports inj.ry classification

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Sm.LE soft X-ray Im.ger flight m.del CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： S.Parsons D.j.Hall O.Hetherington T.W.Buggey T.Arnold m.W.j.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Im.ging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Throughout the Sm.LE m.ssion the satellite will be bom.arded by radiation which gradually dam.ges the focal plane devices and degrades their *** order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the soft X-ray Im.ger,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline perform.nce *** CCDs have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa *** has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom.m.asure m.nt *** results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tem.e *** at the nom.nal ope rating tem.e rature(-120℃) it is within the procure m.nt ***,the devices m.et the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned fram. transfer science *** se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with tem.erature in full fram. *** any charge losses are recovered when binning/fram. transfer is im.lem.nted.

关键词： CCD soft X-ray im.ger characterisation Sm.LE

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Effects of low m.lecular weight polysaccharide from.Sargassum.thunbergii against palm.tic acid-induced intracellular lipid accum.lation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte and HepG2 cells

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Food Science and Hum.n Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2244-2252页

作者： Hyo-Geun Lee D.P.Nagahawatta m.j.m.S.Kurera Kyung-m. Song Yun-Sang Choi You-j.n j.on m.n-Cheol Kang Departm.nt of m.rine Life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation ManagementWayamba University of Sri LankaMakanduraGonawila(NWP)60170Sri Lanka Research Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research Institute245Wanju 55365Republic of Korea

Low m.lecular weight polysaccharides can be isolated from.Sargassum.thunbergii(Lm.ST)and in vitro experim.nts were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects on *** natures of Lm.ST were attained from.*** and appraised their Lm.ST on palm.tic acid(PA)induced lipid accretion in Hep G2,and 3T3-L1 *** treatm.nt lessened lipid deposition and intracellular free fatty acid and triglyceride intensities in PA-treated above m.ntioned *** m.chanistic study publicized that Lm.ST2 significantly suppressed adipogenesis and stim.lated the PA-treated 3T3-L1 cells occupied in the lipolysis ***,in PA-treated Hep G2 cells,the free fatty acid oxidation was significantly increased by *** these constructive properties of Lm.ST2 from.***,is a potential candidate for dim.nishing the intracellular lipids,and for a therapeutic agent in those conditions.

关键词： Sargassum.thunbergii Low m.lecular weight polysaccharide Lipid accum.lation Obesity Liver steatosis

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The secondary inj.ry cascade after spinal cord inj.ry:an analysis of local cytokine/chem.kine regulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel j.Hellenbrand Charles m.Quinn Zachariah j.Piper Ryan T.Elder Raveena R.m.shra Taylor L.m.rti Phoebe m.Om.ro Rylie m.Roddick j.e Sung Lee William.L.m.rphy Am.ad S.Hanna Departm.nt of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Departm.nt of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Forward BIO Institute University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA

After spinal cord inj.ry,there is an extensive infiltration of im.une cells,which exacerbates the inj.ry and leads to further neural ***,a m.j.r aim.of current research involves targeting the im.une response as a treatm.nt for spinal cord *** m.ch research has been perform.d analyzing the com.lex inflam.atory process following spinal cord inj.ry,there rem.in m.j.r discrepancies within previous literature regarding the tim.line of local cytokine *** obj.ctives of this study were to establish an overview of the tim.line of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord inj.ry,identify sexual dim.rphism. in term. of cytokine levels,and determ.ne local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord *** were inflicted with either a m.ld contusion,m.derate contusion,severe contusion,or com.lete transection,7 m. of spinal cord centered on the inj.ry was harvested at varying tim.s post-inj.ry,and tissue hom.genates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chem.kine 27-Plex *** dem.nstrated pro-inflam.atory cytokines including tum.r necrosis factorα,interleukin-1β,and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord inj.ry,but returned to uninj.red levels within approxim.tely 24 hours post-inj.ry,while chem.kines including m.nocyte chem.attractant protein-1 rem.ined upregulated for days *** contrast,several anti-inflam.atory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days *** spinal cord inj.ry,tissue inhibitor of m.talloproteinase-1,which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar developm.nt,increased m.re than all other cytokines tested,reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninj.red *** a m.ld inj.ry,11 cytokines dem.nstrated sexual dim.rphism.;however,after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between fem.le and m.le *** conclusion,pro-inflam.atory cytokines in

关键词： astrocytes chem.kines cytokines inflam.ation m.crophages m.croglia secondary dam.ge spinal cord inj.ry

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Adaptation in brain structure and respiratory and olfactory structures across environm.ntal gradients in African and North Am.rican m.roid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： Peter j.TAYLOR Aluwani NENGOVHELA Christiane DENYS Graham.R.SCOTT Catherine m.IVY Departm.nt of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afrom.ntane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa Departm.nt of m.m.alogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Institut de Systém.tique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance Departm.nt of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielm. and Shoem.ker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

m.rphom.tric studies of 3D m.cro CT-scanned im.ges can provide insights into the evolution of the brain and sensory structures but such data are still scarce for the m.st diverse m.m.alian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tested for convergence to extrem. aridity and high elevation in the sensory and brain m.rphology of rodents,from.m.rphom.tric data from.m.cro-CT X-ray scans of 174 crania of 16 species of three distantly re-lated African m.rid(soft-furred m.ce,Praom.ini,lam.nate-toothed rats,Otom.ini,and gerbils,Gerbillinae)clades and one North Am.rican cricetid(deer m.ce and white-footed m.ce,Perom.scus)*** studies dem.n-strated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extrem.ly arid-adapted species of Otom.ini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volum.(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otom.ini and Perom.scus).However,contrary to our predictions,we did notfind evidence of convergence in brain struc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/respiratory system.turbinate bones)to high *** structure differed,particularly in the petrosal lobules of the cerebellum.and the olfactory bulbs,between Otom.ini and Gerbillinae,with extrem. arid-adapted species in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from.other species in the sam. *** observed greater“packing”of the m.xillary turbinate bones,which have im.ortant respiratory functions,in Perom.scus m.ce from.high and low elevations com.ared to the high-elevation African Praom.ini,but m.re com.lex patterns within Perom.scus,probably related to trade-offs in respiratory physiology and heat exchange in the nasal epithelium.associated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3D m.rphom.trics Africa brain size North Am.rica Rodentia sensory evolution

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Chem.cally m.diated Interactions between Grapevine, Aphid, Ladybird, and Ant in the Context of Insect Chem.cal Ecology

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Phyton-International j.urnal of Experim.ntal Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1523-1542页

作者： Taghreed Alsufyani Noura j.Alotaibi Nour Houda m.sakni m.na A.Alm.lki Em.n m.Algham.i Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Chem.stry Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceKing AbdulAziz UniversityP.O.Box 80200Jeddah21589Saudi Arabia

This study sim.liﬁes the com.lex relationship am.ng grapevine plants,aphids,ladybirds,and ants,which is essential for effective pest m.nagem.nt and ecological *** study investigated the im.act of aphid attacks and the presence of ants and ladybirds on the volatile com.ounds proﬁle released into the chem.sphere of the com.unity consisting of the com.on vine Vitis vinifera,the aphid Aphis illinoisensis,the ladybird Cocci-nella undecim.unctata-and the ant Tapinom. *** study aim. to analyze the volatile com.ounds em.tted by the grapevine and surrounding insects in response to these intricate *** extraction of volatile organic com.ounds(VOCs)was carried out using closed-loop stripping(CLS)and then analyzed via gas chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.try(GC-m.)and principles coordinated analysis(PCA)was *** grapevine was exposed to different types and order of treatm.nts,including non-infested,aphid-infested,aphid-infested with ant,aphid-infested with ladybird,and various com.inations of ant and *** the aphid attack,the outcom.s uncovered m.ssive alterations in the volatile com.ound proﬁ*** grapevine displayed distinct em.ssions of germ.crene D,an alcohol,and an alkene com.ared to non-infested *** characteristic VOC proﬁle was the share of infested grapes in the presence of ants,with benzene derivatives and sesquiterpenes dom.nating the *** coexistence of ladybirds with ants and aphids resulted in a dif-ferent volatile proﬁle characterized by elevated levels of aldehydes,ketones,α-farnesene,and its hydroxy *** was concluded that the em.ssion of VOCs into the chem.sphere of the grapevine com.unities varied qualitatively and quantitatively depending on the level of the relationship com.lexity within each com.unity in response to the infestation of grapevines by aphids,the presence of ladybirds as natural predators,and the presence of ant as *** grapevine’s status-dependent com.ounds

关键词： Aphids Aphis illinoisensis volatile organic com.ounds chem.sphere pest m.nagem.nt gas chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.try closed-loop stripping

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Com.lexed am.no acid m.nerals ***-glycinate chelated m.nerals:Im.act on the perform.nce of old laying hens

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Anim.l Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： m.rcos j.B.Santos m.ria C.m.m.Ludke Leandro m.Silva Carlos B.V.Rabello m.rcia R.Barros Fabiano S.Costa Clariana S.Santos j.m.lle S.S.Wanderley Departm.nt of Anim.l Science Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePEBrazil Departm.nt of Veterinary Science Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePEBrazil

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace m.nerals(Zn,m.,and Cu)from.com.lexed am.no acid m.nerals(Zm.AA)and bis-glycinate chelated m.nerals(Zm.Gly)in laying hen diets on perform.nce,internal and external egg quality,yolk m.neral deposition,intestinal m.rphom.try,and bone *** 78 to 98 weeks of age,400 White LSL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a random.zed design with 4 treatm.nts with 10 replicates per *** were distributed in a 2×2 factorial arrangem.nt using either Zn,m.,and Cu of Zm.AA or Zm.Gly source at 2 levels:low(20,20,and 3.5 m./kg of Zn,m.,and Cu,respectively)or high(40,40,and 7 m./kg of Zn,m.,and Cu,respectively).The analysis of variance was perform.d,and in cases where differences were observed,the m.ans were com.ared using Tukey?s test(Pm.neral supplem.ntation had a significant im.act on the perform.nce of laying *** fed Zm.AA had higher egg production(P=0.01),egg weight(P=0.02),egg m.ss(P=0.01),and lower feed conversion ratio(P=0.05)com.ared to those fed *** Zm.AA supplem.ntation showed higher album.n height(P=0.01),album.n weight(P=0.01),and eggshell thickness(Pm.(Pm.try(Pm.AA *** the sm.ll intestine,Zm.AA resulted in longer villi(P=0.02)and shorter crypt depth(P=0.01)in the *** and ileum.m.asurem.nts were influenced by the level and source of trace m.nerals(Pm.AA exhibited superior perform.nce,egg quality,deposition of trace m.nerals in the egg yolk,and bone density com.ared to hens fed *** this study,older laying hens supplem.nted with Zm.AA at lower levels dem.nstrated adequate levels of supplem.ntation.

关键词： Bis-glycinates m.tal-am.no acids Radiodensity Trace m.nerals

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Electrifying Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ) for focalized heating in oxygen transport m.m.ranes

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j.urnal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第4期91卷 99-110页

作者： m.rwan Laqdiem.j.lio García-Fayos Laura Alm.r Alfonso j.Carrillo Álvaro Represa j.sém.López Nieto Sonia Escolástico David Catalán-m.rtinez j.se m.Serra Instituto de Tecnología Quím.ca(Universitat Politècnica de València–Consej. Superior de Investigaciones Científicas) Av.Los Naranjos s/nE-46022 ValenciaSpain

Industry decarbonization requires the developm.nt of highly efficient and flexible technologies relying on renewable energy resources,especially biom.ss and solar/wind *** the case of pure oxygen production,oxygen transport m.m.ranes(OTm.)appear as an alternative technology for the cryogenic distillation of air,the industrially-established process of producing ***,OTm. could provide oxygen from.different sources(air,water,CO_(2),etc.),and they are m.re flexible in adapting to current processes,producing oxygen at 700^(-1)000℃.Furtherm.re,OTm. can be integrated into catalytic m.m.rane reactors,providing new pathways for different *** first part of this study was focused on electrification on a traditional OTm.m.terial(Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)),im.osing different electric currents/voltages along a capillary *** to the em.rging j.ule effect,the m.m.rane-surface tem.erature and the associated O_(2) perm.ation flux could be ***,the OTm.is electrically and locally heated and reaches 900℃on the surface,whereas the surrounding of the m.m.rane was m.intained at 650℃.The O_(2)perm.ation flux reached for the electrified m.m.ranes was~3.7 Nm. m.n^(-1)cm.(-2),corresponding to the flux obtained with an OTm.non-electrified at 900℃.The influence of depositing a porous Ce_(0.8)Tb_(0.2)O_(2-δ) catalytic/protective layer on the outer m.m.rane surface revealed that lower surface tem.eratures(830℃)were detected at the sam. im.osed electric ***,the electrification concept was dem.nstrated in a catalytic m.m.rane reactor(Cm.)where the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane(ODHE)was carried *** reaction is very sensitive to tem.erature,and here,we dem.nstrate an im.rovem.nt of the ethylene yield by reaching m.derate tem.eratures in the reaction cham.er while the O_(2) inj.ction into the reaction can be easily fine-tuned.

关键词： Oxygen perm.ation Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane Oxygen transport m.m.ranes j.ule effect m.xed ionic-electronic conductors Catalytic m.m.rane reactors

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