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Structural and functional roles of ether lipids

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Protein & Cell 2018年第2期9卷 196-206页

作者： j.hn m. Dean Irfan j. Lodhi Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Lipid Research Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis MO 63110 USA

Ether lipids, such as plasm.logens, are peroxisom.- derived glycerophospholipids in which the hydrocarbon chain at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone is attached by an ether bond, as opposed to an ester bond in the m.re com.on diacyl phospholipids. This seem. ingly sim.le biochem.cal change has profound structural and functional im.lications. Notably, the tendency of ether lipids to form.non-lam.llar inverted hexagonal structures in m.del m.m.ranes suggests that they have a role in facilitating m.m.rane fusion processes. Ether lipids are also im.ortant for the organization and stability of lipid raft m.crodom.ins, cholesterol-rich m.m.rane regions involved in cellular signaling. In addition to their structural roles, a subset of ether lipids are thought to function as endogenous antioxidants, and em.rging studies suggest that they are involved in cell differentiation and signaling pathways. Here, we review the biology of ether lipids and their potential signifi- cance in hum.n disorders, including neurological diseases, cancer, and m.tabolic disorders.

关键词： ether lipids plasm.logen phospholipid peroxisom.s cancer m.tabolic disorders

Surface Characterisation of Silicon Based m.m.

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Chem.cal Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 407-410页

作者： LI j. CUI Z m. A. Baker The Surface Analysis Laboratory School of Engineering University of SurreyRutherford Appleton LaboratoryThe Surface Analysis Laboratory School of Engineering University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH UKChilton Didcot UKGuildford GU2 7XH UK

Polysilicon m.croelectrom.chanical system.(m.m.) are the subj.ct of intensive researches. Surface chem.stry and topography of a m.m. test structure fabricated at Sandia National Laboratory, USA, were studied by m.ans of scanning electron m.croscopy(SEm., X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and atom.c force m.croscopy(AFm.. XPS C_ 1sand Si_ 2pspectra from.the polysilicon com.onents, silicon nitride substrate and a reference silicon wafer were com.ared. The results confirm.the presence of a self-assem.led m.nolayer(SAm. on the m.m. surface. An island-like m.rphology was found on both polysilicon and silicon nitride surfaces of the m.m.. The islands take the form.of caps, being up to 0.5 μm.in diam.ter and 20 nm.in height. It is concluded that the co-existence of colum.ar growth and equiaxed growth during the low pressure chem.cal vapor deposition(LPCVD) of these layers leads to the observed m.rphology and the islands are caps to the colum.ar structures.

关键词： m.croelectrom.chanical system. XPS Atom.c force m.croscopy

Utilization of RNA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps:A pilot study

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World j.urnal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： j.rge A.Gutierrez III j.rem. L.Barth Rodney j.Schlosser Thom.s S.Edwards Tim.thy L.Sm.th Zachary m.Soler Departm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Departm.nt of Regenerative m.dicine&Cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Departm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Obj.ctives:Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflam.ation of the olfactory cleft m.cosa plays a contributory *** purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate m.cosal specim.ns,com.aring norm.sm.c and dysosm.c CRS patients without polyps(CRSsNP).m.thods:Tissue sam.les were obtained from.the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsNP at the tim. of endoscopic sinus *** subsequently underwent RNA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with differentially expressed genes between dysosm.c(n=7)and norm.sm.c(n=4)***:Differential gene expression analysis com.aring dysosm.c and norm.sm.c CRSsNP patients showed upregulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 *** stringent criteria for m.ltiple com.arisons,one upregulated gene(Im.ediate Early Response 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adj.stedP value considered statistically significant(Pm. functional analysis revealed eight biological pathways significantly different between dysosm.c and norm.sm.c patients(Pm.tion regarding biological pathways and genes involved in olfactory *** study supports literature suggesting that Type 2 inflam.ation m.y play a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least som. patients with *** study also prom.ts questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodopsin-like receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps olfactory dysfunction RNA sequencing

Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasm. of near critical density

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： j.Cikhardt m.Gyrdym.v S.Zähter P.Tavana m.m.Günther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko j.j.coby X.F.Shen A.Pukhov N.E.Andreev O.N.Rosm.j Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GSI Helm.oltzzentrum.für Schwerionenforschung Gm.H Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy Gm.H Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National Research Nuclear University m.PhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany j.int Institute for High Tem.eratures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation m.scow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of m.derate relativistic intensity with plasm. of near-critical density are investigated. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and m.gnetic fields. In anexperim.nt at the PHELIX laser system. high-current directed beam. of DLA electrons with a m.an energy ten tim.s higher than the ponderom.tive potential and m.xim.m.energy up to 100 m.V were m.asured at 10^(19) W/cm.(2)laser intensity. The spectrum.of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption m.thod allowed for absolute m.asurem.nts of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV m.asured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) m.^(−2) m.ad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the em.ssion has an FWHm.of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short em.ssiontim., DLA-based keV backlighters are prom.sing for various applications in high-energy-density research with kiloj.ule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

Interferom.try Signatures for QCD First-Order Phase Transition in High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第2期27卷 69-72页

作者：于莉莉 m. j. Efaaf 张卫宁 Departm.nt of Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150006 School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Lanzhou 730000

Using the technique of quantum.transport of the interfering pair we exam.ne the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss （HBT） interferom.try signatures for the particle-em.tting sources of pions and kaons produced in heavy ion collisions at 10-30 AGeV. The evolution of the sources is described by relativistic hydrodynam.cs with the first-order phase transition from.quark-gluon plasm. （QGP） to hadronic m.tter. We use quantum.probability am.litudes in a path-integral form.lism.to calculate the two-particle correlation functions, where the effects of particle decay and m.ltiple scattering are taken into consideration. Our m.del-calculated results indicate that both the HBT radii of pions and kaons increase with the system.initial energy density. The HBT lifetim.s of the pion and kaon sources increase significantly when the initial energy density is tuned to the phase boundary between the QGP and m.xed phase. This increase of HBT lifetim.s will likely appear in heavy ion collisions with an incident energy between 10-30 AGeV.

关键词： Ions Transport Com.uters Density Energy

Kinetics of glyphosate and am.nom.thylphosphonic acid sorption onto m.ntm.rillonite clays in soil and their translocation to genetically m.dified corn

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j.urnal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： m.ichen Wang Kelly j.Rivenbark Tim.thy D Phillips Veterinary Physiology and Pharm.cology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyphosate(GLP)and am.nom.thylphosphonic acid(Am.A)in contam.nated water,soil,sedim.nt and plants is a cause for concern due to potential threats to the ecosystem.and hum.n health.A m.j.r route of exposure is through contact with contam.nated soil and consum.tion of crops containing GLP and Am.A ***,clay-based sorption strategies for m.xtures of GLP and Am.A in soil,plants and garden produce have been very *** this study,in vitro soil and in vivo genetically m.dified corn m.dels were used to establish the proof of concept that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contam.nated soils will reduce the bioavailability of GLP and Am.A in soils and their adverse effects on plant *** of chem.cal concentration(1–10 m./kg),sorbent dose(0.5%-3%in soil and 0.5%-1%in plants)and duration(up to 28 days)on sorption kinetics were *** tim. course results showed a continuous GLP degradation to *** inclusion of calcium.m.ntm.rillonite(Cm.and acid processed m.ntm.rillonite(APm.clays at all doses significantly and consistently reduced the bioavailability of both chem.cals from.soils to plant roots and leaves in a dose-and tim.-dependent m.nner without detectable *** treated with 0.5%and 1%APm.inclusion showed the highest growth rate(p≤0.05)and lowest chem.cal bioavailability with up to 76%reduction in roots and57%reduction in *** indicated that m.ntm.rillonite clays could be added as soil supplem.nts to reduce hazardous m.xtures of GLP and Am.A in soils and plants.

关键词： Glyphosate Am.A Adsorption Soil rem.diation Plant Hydroponic system

Polio eradication surveillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific j.urnal of Tropical m.dicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： m.A.Y.Fernando N.S.m.darasinghe C.Rangana N.Weerasinghe D.C.U.D.Weligam.ge j.I.Abeynayake Departm.nt of m.dical m.crobiology and Im.unology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Departm.nt of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka m.dical Research Institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Obj.ctive:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from.j.nuary,2019 to m.y,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool sam.les received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)and im.unodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV)surveillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from.j.nuary,2019 to m.y,*** results of the testing m.thodologies were extracted from.the laboratory data system.i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VDPV real tim. reverse transcriptase polym.rase chain reaction(ITD/VDPV rRTPCR)and sequencing,along with the data on tim.ng of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool sam.les from.1644 cases were received for AFP surveillance from.Sri Lanka(93.61%),m.ldives(1.52%),and im.unodeficient VDPV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 virus was detected in m.j.rity(12/19,63.15%)am.ng the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VDPVs were not detected am.ng the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring tim.ly reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in m.intaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VDPV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance Regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

One-neutron stripping process in the^(209)Bi(^(6)Li,^(5)Li)^(210)Bi*reaction reaction

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 120-129页

作者： Gao-Long Zhang Zhen-Wei j.ao Guang-Xin Zhang E.N.Cardozo B.Paes Shi-Peng Hu j.an-Qiang Qian Daniele m.ngoni Wei-Wei Qu Cong-Bo Li Yun Zheng Huan-Qiao Zhang Hui-Bin Sun Nan Wang Chun-Lei Zhang j.j.Valiente-Dobón D.Testov m.m.zzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo D.Pierroutsakou m.La Com.ara A.Goasduff D.Bazzacco D.R.Napoli F.Galtarossa F.Recchia A.Illana S.Bakes I.Zanon S.Aydin Gde Angelis m.Siciliano R.m.negazzo S.m.Lenzi S.Akkoyun L.F.Canto j.Lubian School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340 NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratorio TANDAR Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaBKNA1650 San MartíınArgentina Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy and Safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Research and m.nufacture of High Purity Germ.nium.m.terials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China INFN Sezione di PadovaPaduaItaly Dipartim.nto di fisica Astronom.a dell’Universita di padova PaduaItaly State Key Laboratory of Radiation m.dicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of Atom.c Energy Beijing 102413China The Key Laboratory of Beam.Technology and m.terial m.dification of m.nistry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro INFN35020 LegnaroItaly INFN Sezione di Napoli80126 NaplesItaly Dipartim.nto di Farm.cia Universitàdi Napoli“Federico II”80131 NaplesItaly Departm.nt of Natural and m.them.tical Sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkey Physics Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Departm.nt of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro CP 6852821941-972Brazil

One-neutron stripping process between^(6)Li and^(209)Bi was studied at 28,30,and 34 m.V using the in-beam.γ-ray spectroscopy ***γ-γcoincident analysis clearly identified twoγ-rays feeding the ground and long-lived isom.ric states,which were em.loyed to determ.ne the cross *** one-neutron stripping cross sections were sim.lar to the cross sections of com.lete fusion in the^(6)Li+^(209)Bi system.but the one-neutron stripping cross sections decreased m.re gradually at the sub-barrier region.A coupled-reaction-channel calculation was perform.d to study the detailed reaction m.chanism.of the one-neutron stripping process in^(6)*** calculations indicated that the first excited state of 5 Li is critical in the actual one-neutron transfer m.chanism.and the valence proton of 209Bi can be excited to the low-lying excited state in(^(6)Li,^(5)Li)reaction,unlike in the(d,p)reaction.

关键词： Transfer reaction Weakly bound nuclei Cross section

Laboratory evaluation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and larval stages of cotton pink bollworm. Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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j.urnal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： BUSNOOR Abhishek V. WADASKAR R.m. FAND Babasaheb B. TAm.E V.j. PILLAI T. m.HULE D.j. NAGRARE V.S. PRASAD Y.G. Entom.logy Section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Cotton Research Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

Background The cryptic nature of pink bollworm.Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)larvae enables its reduced vul-nerability to insecticidal ***,the developm.nt of resistance against Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)toxins posed a serious threat to transgenic cotton *** necessitated determ.ning the critical tim.ng of spray applications on the control *** study assessed the influence of egg age(freshly laid ***-day-old)and the loca-tion of larvae(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the boll rind *** inside the bolls)on insecticide control *** The results revealed a significant decrease in the ovicidal activity of tested insecticides with an increase in the age of eggs from.one day old to three days old(paired t-test,Pm.re susceptible(>80%m.rtality)than the larvae exposed after they had bur-rowed inside the bolls(m.rtality).The inhibitory effects of tested insecticides on developm.ntal biology were m.re pronounced in the experim.nt on pre-larval release insecticide treatm.nt com.ared with insecticide treatm.nt given post-larval release and entry inside the *** Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the larval location,directly exposed vs bur-rowed inside the *** eggs and the larvae that had burrowed inside the green bolls of cotton were relatively less susceptible to the insecticide *** toxic effects of insecticides on egg and larval stages were prim.r-ily *** findings are significant for devising a com.rehensive strategy for pink bollworm.m.nagem.nt on a sustainable basis.

关键词： Bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella Tim.ngs of spray