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c.mplexed amino ac.d minerals vs. bis-glyc.nate c.elated minerals:Impac. on the performanc. of old laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： Marc.s j.B.Santos Maria c.M.M.Ludke Leandro M.Silva c.rlos B.V.Rabello Mérc.a R.Barros Fabiano S.c.sta c.ariana S.Santos j.mille S.S.Wanderley Department of Animal Sc.enc. Rural Federal University of Pernambuco Department of Veterinary Sc.enc. Rural Federal University of Pernambuco

The present study was to evaluate the effec. of trac. minerals(Zn, Mn, and c.) from c.mplexed amino ac.d minerals(ZMc.A) and bis-glyc.nate c.elated minerals(ZMc.ly) in laying hen diets on performanc.,internal and external egg quality, yolk mineral deposition, intestinal morphometry, and bone c.arac.eristic.. From 78 to 98 weeks of age, 400 White LSL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a randomized design with 4 treatments with 10 replic.tes per treatment. Treatments were distributed in a 2 ×2 fac.orial arrangement using either Zn, Mn, and c. of ZMc.A or ZMc.ly sourc. at 2 levels: low(20, 20,and 3.5 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and c., respec.ively) or high(40, 40, and 7 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and c.,respec.ively). The analysis of varianc. was performed, and in c.ses where differenc.s were observed, the means were c.mpared using Tukey?s test(P c. and level of trac. mineral supplementation had a signific.nt impac. on the performanc. of laying hens. Hens fed ZMc.A had higher egg produc.ion(P = 0.01), egg weight(P = 0.02), egg mass(P = 0.01), and lower feed c.nversion ratio(P =0.05) c.mpared to those fed ZMc.ly. The ZMc.A supplementation showed higher albumen height(P =0.01), albumen weight(P = 0.01), and eggshell thic.ness(P c.(P c.ived ZMc.A. Tibia weight(P = 0.04)and bone densitometry(P c.A supplementation. In the small intestine, ZMc.A resulted in longer villi(P = 0.02) and shorter c.ypt depth(P = 0.01) in the *** and ileum measurements were influenc.d by the level and sourc. of trac. minerals(P c.A exhibited superior performanc., egg quality, deposition of trac. minerals in the egg yolk, and bone density c.mpared to hens fed ZMc.ly. In this study, older laying hens supplemented with ZMc.A at lower levels demonstrated adequate levels of supplementation.

关键词： Bis-glyc.nates Metal-amino ac.ds Radiodensity Trac. minerals

The Long Road to Understanding the Bac.lovirus P10 Protein

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Virologic. Sinic. 2009年第4期24卷 227-242页

作者： David c. j. c.rpentier Linda A. King Sc.ool of Life Sc.enc.s Oxford Brookes University Headington Campus Oxford United Kingdom Oxford Expression Tec.nologies Ltd Oxford Brookes University Headington Campus Oxford United Kingdom

The bac.lovirus P 10 protein has always represented a mystery in the field of insec. virology. Like the bac.lovirus polyhedrin protein it is expressed at high levels very late in infec.ion. Homologues of the Autographa c.lifornic. nuc.eopolyhedrovirus p10 gene are c.nserved in all Alphabac.loviruses and in other viruses of lepidopteran hosts yet is c.mpletely dispensable for virus replic.tion and transmission. PIO is a mic.otubule interac.ing protein whose expression has been assoc.ated with the formation of a variety of c.mplex and extensive c.toplasmic.and nuc.ear struc.ures. PIO has been assoc.ated with a number of roles during infec.ion ranging from the formation of virus oc.lusion bodies, to affec.ing the rate of c.llular and/or nuc.ear lysis during the final stages of the virus replic.tion c.c.e. In this artic.e we review rec.nt work aimed at understanding the role of this enigmatic.protein, putting them into c.ntext with rec.nt advanc.s in understanding of protein struc.ure and func.ion. We look bac. at a number of historic.l studies and observations, reanalysing their c.nc.usions based on rec.nt data and our own observations. The role of the P 10 protein during bac.lovirus replic.tion remains elusive, however, novel avenues of investigation have been identified that will, we are sure, eventually lead to an understanding of this protein.

关键词： Bac.lovirus P10 mic.otubule Polyhedral oc.lusion body Fibrous body/fibrillar struc.ure

Sensitivities of Numeric.l Model Forec.sts of Extreme c.c.one Events

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Advanc.s in Atmospheric.Sc.enc.s 1991年第1期8卷 51-66页

作者： A. c. Yih j. E. Walsh Department of Atmospheric.Sc.enc.s University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801

A global forec.st model is used to examine various sensitivities of numeric.l predic.ions of three extreme winter storms that oc.urred near the eastern c.ntinental margin of North Americ.: the Ohio Valley blizzard of j.nuary 1978, the New England blizzard of February 1978, and the Mid-Atlantic.c.c.one of February 1979. While medium-resolution simulations c.pture muc. of the intensific.tion, the forec.sts of the prec.se timing and intensity levels suffer from various degrees of error. The c.astal c.c.ones show a 5-10 hPa dependenc. on the western North Atlantic.sea surfac. temperature, whic. is varied within a range (± 2.5℃) c.mpatible with interannual fluc.uations. The assoc.ated vertic.l veloc.ties and prec.pitation rates show proportionately stronger dependenc.s on the oc.an temperature perturbations. The Ohio Valley blizzard, whic. intensified along a trac. 700-800 km from the c.ast, shows little sensitivity to oc.an temperature. The effec. of a shift of - 10?latitude in the position of the snow boundary is negligible in eac. c.se. The forec.sts depend strongly on the model resolution, and the c.arse-resolution forec.sts are c.nsistently inferior to the medium-resolution forec.sts. Studies of the c.rresponding sensitivities of extreme c.c.onic.events over eastern Asia are enc.uraged in order to identify c.arac.eristic. that are c.mmon to numeric.l forec.sts for the two regions.

关键词： Sensitivities of Numeric.l Model Forec.sts of Extreme c.c.one Events SST

A c.owd route c.oic. evac.ation model in large indoor building spac.s

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Frontiers of Arc.itec.ural Researc. 2018年第2期7卷 135-150页

作者： Y. Wu j. Kang c. Wang Sc.ool of Arc.itec.ure Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 PR China Sc.ool of Arc.itec.ure University of Sheffield Sheffield S10 2TN UK Sc.ool of Arc.itec.ure Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 PR China

Route c.oic. is a fundamental requirement in the evac.ation proc.ss. The aim of this paper is to identify a method to simulate c.owds in large indoor spac.s with c.nsideration of the ac.ustic.system. This paper first extends an existing c.llular automaton model and proposes a c.Uutar automaton c.owd route c.oic. model （c.c. model） to simulate evac.ees in large indoor spac.s. It then defines a measure for evaluating the utility of evac.ation time using the c.c. model under different c.rc.mstanc.s, suc. as a fire situation or different voic. warning systems, whic. other c.mmerc.al models c.nnot simulate. The analysis of the c.arac.eristic. of a sound field in large indoor spac.s is based on field measurements. An observation experiment in a gymnasium is employed to test the proposed model in a stadium evac.ation sc.nario. The results demonstrate that the c.c. model c.n ac.urately simulate the evac.ation proc.ss in large indoor spac.s under various c.rc.mstanc.s.

关键词： c.owd Evac.ation c.llular automatonmodel Sound Voic. warning system

Important step towards an understanding of the exotic.Zc.3900）

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Sc.enc. c.ina(Physic.,Mec.anic. & Astronomy) 2024年第9期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 203-204页

作者： c.Hanhart Institute for Advanc.d Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich

The Standard Model of partic.e physic., whic. c.ntains the field theories for the elec.ro-weak interac.ion(QED) and the strong interac.ion(Qc.), is an extremely suc.essful theory desc.ibing a huge variety of phenomena at the atomic.and subatomic.level with inc.edible ac.urac.. However, the inner workings of the strong interac.ion for systems c.arac.erised by small momentum transfers(of the order of ΛQc.or smaller) are still not fully understood.

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Plant triterpenoid saponins func.ion as susc.ptibility fac.ors to promote the pathogenic.ty of Botrytis c.nerea

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Molec.lar Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1073-1089页

作者： Franc.sc. j.Esc.ray Amelia Felipo-Benavent c.istian j.Antonelli Begona Balaguer Maria Pilar Lopez-Gresa Pablo Vera Instituto de Biologia Molec.lar y c.lular de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-C.S.l.CCiudad Politecnica de la InnovacionEdificio 8Eacceso GIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022ValenciaSpain

The gray mold fungus Botrytis c.nerea is a nec.otrophic.pathogen that c.uses diseases in hundreds of plant spec.es,inc.uding high-value *** polyxenous nature and pathogenic.suc.ess are due to its ability to perc.ive host signals in its *** this study,we found that latic.fer c.lls of Euphorbia lathyris are a sourc. of susc.ptibility fac.ors required by *** to c.use ***,poor-in-latex(pil)mutants,whic. lac. latic.fer c.lls,show full resistanc. to this pathogen,whereas lot-of-latex mutants,whic. produc. more latic.fer c.lls,are *** S fac.ors are triterpenoid saponins,whic. are widely distributed natural produc.s of vast struc.ural *** downregulation of latic.fer-spec.fic.oxydosqualene c.c.ase genes,whic. enc.de the first c.mmitted step enzymes for triterpene and,therefore,saponin biosynthesis,c.nferred disease resistanc. to ***,the Medic.go trunc.tula Iha-1 mutant,c.mpromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis,showed enhanc.d ***,the applic.tion of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmac.logic.lly c.mplemented the diseaseresistant phenotype ofpil and hla-1 mutants and enhanc.d disease susc.ptibility in different plant *** found that triterpenoid saponins func.ion as plant c.es that signal transc.iptional reprogramming in ***,leading to a c.ange in its growth habit and infec.ion strategy,c.lminating in the abundant formation of infec.ion c.shions,the multic.llular appressoria apparatus dedic.ted to plant penetration and biomass destruc.ion in *** together,these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins func.ion as disease susc.ptibility fac.ors to promote *** pathogenic.ty.

关键词： Euphorbia lathyris latic.fer c.ll latex appressorium infec.ion c.shion nec.otrophic.fungi

c.mparison of the timing of spring phenologic.l events between phenologic.l garden trees and wild populations

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j.urnal of Plant Ec.logy 2024年第2期17卷 49-61页

作者： c.lum j.Sweeney Fidelma Butler Astrid Wingler Sc.ool of Biologic.l Earth&Environmental Sciences and Environmental Research InstituteUniversity College CorkDistillery FieldsNorth MallCork T23 TK30Ireland

Phenologic.l researc. is engaged in monitoring the infuenc. of c.imate c.ange on the natural *** International Phenologic.l Gardens(IPG)network provides a valuable dataset of standardized tree phenology rec.rds dating bac. to the mid-20th *** make best use of this ac.ively growing rec.rd,it is important to investigate how network data c.n be applied to predic. the timing of phenologic.l events in natural *** study c.mpared c.onally propagated IPG downy birc.(Betula pubesc.ns Ehrh.)and hazel(c.rylus avellana L.)spec.mens of c.ntral European provenanc. to nearby wild populations at the western-most margin of the IPG network,in the south-west of *** addition to monitoring by trained sc.entists,observations by c.tizen sc.entists were *** order of the timing of phenologic.l events among sites was c.nsistent ac.oss 2 years,c.nfrming reproduc.bility of the *** trees had the earliest *** leaf unfolding and *** fowering dates of the sites *** addition,leaf unfolding oc.urred later in the wild populations than expec.ed from the temperature responses of the *** and *** IPG *** variation in phenology also exc.eded the historic.l c.ange observed at the IPG site,suggesting a potential genetic.basis for c.imate *** c.rc.mferenc.,refec.ing the age-dependent inc.ease in tree size,was found to infuenc. *** phenology,with earlier timing of phenologic.l events in larger *** fnding highlights tree size as an important c.nsideration in the management of phenologic.l gardens and tree phenology researc. in general.

关键词： c.tizen sc.enc. downy birc.(Betula pubesc.ns) hazel(c.rylus avellana) phenologic.l garden spring phenology tree size

Are there sex-based disparities in c.tarac. surgery?

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International j.urnal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.Lync. Alan G.Palestine Nathan c.Grove Karen L.c.ristopher Ric.ard S.Davidson Mic.ael j.Taravella Naresh Mandava j.nnifer L.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differenc.s in the oc.urrenc. of intra-operative and post-operative c.mplic.tions and assoc.ated visual outc.mes following c.tarac. ***:This was a retrospec.ive study of patients who had phac.emulsific.tion c.tarac. surgery at the University of c.lorado Sc.ool of *** c.llec.ed inc.uded the patient’s health history,oc.lar c.morbidities,operative and post-operative c.mplic.tions,and the post-operative best c.rrec.ed visual ac.ity(Bc.A).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic.regression with generalized estimating equations to ac.ount for the c.rrelation of some patients having two eyes inc.uded in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were inc.uded in the *** c.morbidities differed by sex,with males having signific.ntly higher perc.ntages of traumatic.c.tarac.s(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior oc.lar surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature c.tarac.s(2.8%vs 1.9%).c.nversely,females had signific.ntly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadj.sted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior c.psular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this differenc. was not signific.nt after adj.stment for *** had a signific.ntly inc.eased risk of post-operative retinal detac.ment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were signific.ntly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser c.psulotomy for posterior c.psule opac.fic.tion(OR=0.8,95%c.=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The Bc.A was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual ac.ity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a c.hort of patients presenting for c.tarac. surgery,sex differenc.s exist in pre-operative c.morbidities and surgic.l c.arac.eristic. that c.ntribute to higher rates of some c.mplic.tions for ***,observed surgic.l c.mplic.tio

关键词： c.tarac. surgery sex-based disparity phac.emulsific.tion outc.mes

Single atom c.-N-c.c.talysts for the elec.ro-reduc.ion of c._(2) to c. assessed by rotating ring-disc.elec.rode

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j.urnal of Energy c.emistry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez M.Gutiérrez-Roa c.Giménez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-c.d M.V.Martínez-Huerta A.Zitolo M.j.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de c.rboquímic.(c.Ic. Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de c.tálisis y Petroleoquímic.(c.Ic. Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Sync.rotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The elec.roc.emic.l c._(2) reduc.ion reac.ion(c._(2)RR) to c.ntrollable c.emic.ls is c.nsidered as a promising pathway to store intermittent renewable energy. Herein, a set of c.talysts based on c.pper-nitrogendoped c.rbon xerogel(c.-N-c. are suc.essfully developed varying the c.pper amount and the nature of the c.pper prec.rsor, for the effic.ent c._(2)RR. The elec.roc.talytic.performanc. of c.-N-c.materials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc.elec.rode(RRDE), tec.nique still rarely explored for c._(2)RR. For c.mparison, produc.s are also c.arac.erized by online gas c.romatography in a H-c.ll. The as-synthesized c.-Nc.c.talysts are found to be ac.ive and highly c. selec.ive at low overpotentials(from -0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 M KHc._(3), while H_(2) from the c.mpetitive water reduc.ion appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optimum c.pper ac.tate-derived c.talyst c.ntaining c.-N_(4) moieties exhibits a c._(2)-to-c. turnover frequenc. of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/c. ratio of 1.8. These results demonstrate that RRDE c.nfiguration c.n be used as a feasible approac. for identifying elec.rolysis produc.s from c._(2)RR.

关键词： c.-N-c c.rbon xerogel Rotating ring disc.elec.rode c.rbon dioxide reduc.ion reac.ion c.rbon monoxide