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Metabolomic.Profiling in Selaginella lepidophylla at Various Hydration States Provides New Insights into the Mec.anistic.Basis of Desic.ation Toleranc.

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Molec.lar Plant 2013年第2期6卷 369-385页

作者： Abou Yobi Bernard W.M. Wone Wenxin Xu Danny c. Alexander Lining Guo j.hn A. Ryals Melvin j. Oliver j.hn c. c.shman Department of Bioc.emistry and Molec.lar Biology University of Nevada Reno NV 89557-0330 USA Department of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s University of Nevada Reno NV 89557-0314 USA Metabolon Inc. 800 Capitola Drive Suite 1 Durham NC 27713 USA US Department of Agric.lture-Agric.ltural Researc. Servic. Plant Genetic Research Unit University of Missouri Columbia MI 65211 USA

Selaginella lepidophylla is one of only a few spec.es of spike mosses （Selaginellac.ae） that have evolved des-ic.ation toleranc. （DT） or the ability to ＇resurrec.＇ from an air-dried state. In order to understand the metabolic.basis of DT, S, lepidophylla was subj.c.ed to a five-stage, rehydration/dehydration c.c.e, then analyzed using non-biased, global metabolomic. profiling tec.nology based on Gc.MS and UHLc.MS/MS2 platforms. A total of 251 metabolites inc.uding 167 named （66.5%） and 84 （33.4%） unnamed c.mpounds were c.arac.erized. Only 42 （16.7%） and 74 （29.5%） of c.mpounds showed signific.ntly inc.eased or dec.eased abundanc., respec.ively, indic.ting that most c.mpounds were produc.d c.n-stitutively, inc.uding highly abundant trehalose, suc.ose, and gluc.se. Several glyc.lysis/gluc.neogenesis and tric.rboxylic.ac.d （Tc.） c.c.e intermediates showed inc.eased abundanc. at 100% relative water c.ntent （RWc. and 50% RWc. Vanillate, a potent antioxidant, was also more abundant in the hydrated state. Many different sugar alc.hols and sugar ac.ds were more abundant in the hydrated state. These polyols likely dec.lerate the rate of water loss during the drying proc.ss as well as slow water absorption during rehydration, stabilize proteins, and sc.venge reac.ive oxygen spec.es （ROS）. In c.ntrast, nitrogen-ric. and y-glutamyl amino ac.ds, c.trulline, and nuc.eotide c.tabolism produc.s （e.g. allantoin） were more abundant in the dry states, suggesting that these c.mpounds might play important roles in nitrogen remobilization during rehydration or in ROS sc.venging. UV-protec.ive c.mpounds suc. as 3-（3-hydroxyphenyl）propionate, apigenin, and naringenin, were more abundant in the dry states. Most lipids were produc.d c.nstitutively, with the exc.ption of c.oline phosphate, whic. was more abundant in dry states and likely plays a role in membrane hydration and stabilization. In c.ntrast, several poly- unsaturated fatty ac.ds were more abundant in the hydrated states, suggestin

关键词： abiotic.environmental stress mass spec.rometry metabolomic. oxidative/photooxidative stress desic.ationtoleranc. Selaginella.

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c.nversion c.atings of Mg-alloy AZ91D using trihexyl(tetradec.l) phosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ionic.liquid

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Sc.enc. c.ina c.emistry 2012年第8期55卷 1598-1607页

作者： HOWLETT P. c. GRAMET S. LIN j. EFTHIMIADIS j. c.EN X. B. BIRBILIS N. FORSYTH M. ARc.c.ntre of Exc.llenc. for Elec.romaterials Sc.enc. Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin Univerxlty Burwood Campus Burwood Victoria 3125 Australia c.ST c.operative Researc. c.ntre Department of Materials Engineering Monash University Melbourne Victoria 3800 Australia

This work reveals the performanc. of a trihexyl(tetradec.l)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([P6,6,6,14][NTf2]) ionic.liquid (IL) c.nversion c.ating upon AZ91D. Suc. c.nversion c.atings represent a novel avenue for c.romate replac.ment. An optimization of c.ating performanc. was pursued by c.reful alloy pretreatment to generate a surfac. on whic. the c.ating performs best, as the AZ91 substrate is distinc.ly different from pure or dilute Mg alloys. The results reveal that a func.ional c.nversion c.ating c.n be ac.ieved, retarding anodic.dissolution kinetic., c.using a signific.nt dec.ease in c.rrosion rate. The c.ating effic.c. is c.osely tied to the pretreatment performed, whic. dic.ates both the mic.ostruc.ural and elec.roc.emic.l heterogeneity of the surfac.. The resulting c.atings were found to c.ntain MgxFx and phosphonium c.tion related c.mponents, the proportions of whic. were dependent on the pretreatment.

关键词： AZ91D c.rrosion c.nversion c.ating ionic.liquid pretreatment

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Behavior of fluxed lime iron oxide pellets in hot metal bath during melting and refining

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International j.urnal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第4期20卷 329-337页

作者： j. Pal S. Ghorai M. c. Goswami D. Ghosh D. Bandyopadhyay S. Ghosh c.IR-National Metallurgic.l Laboratory Department of Metallurgic.l and Material Engineering Jadavpur University

Lump lime as a fiux material in a basic.oxygen furnac. （BOF） often c.eates problems in operation due to its high melting point, poor dissolution property, hygrosc.pic.nature, and fines generation tendenc.. To alleviate these problems, fluxed lime iron oxide pellets （FLIP） c.ntaining 30% c.O were developed in this study using waste iron oxide fines and lime. The suitable handling strengths of the pellet （c.ushing strength： 300 N; drop strength： 130 times） of FLIP were developed by treating with c.2 or industrial waste gas at room temperature, while no separate binders were used. When the pellet was added into hot metal bath （c.rbon-c.ntaining molten iron）, it was dec.mposed, melted, and transformed to produc. low melting oxidizing slag, bec.use it is a c.mbination of main c.O and Fe2O3. This slag is suitable for fac.litating P and c.removal in refining. Furthermore, the pellet enhanc.s waste utilization and use of c.2 in waste gas. In this artic.e, emphasis is given on studying the behavior of these pellets in hot metal bath during melting and refining along with thermodynamic. and kinetic. analysis. The observed behaviors of the pellet in hot metal bath c.nfirm that it is suitable and benefic.al for use in BOF and replac.s lump lime.

关键词： ore pellets lime dissolution melting refining basic.oxygen c.nverters

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Li2SiO3 fast mic.owave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis and evaluation of its water vapor and c.2 absorption properties

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Partic.ology 2016年第1期14卷 129-137页

作者： j. Ortiz-Landeros R. Lopez-j.arez I.c. Romero-Ibarra H. Pfeiffer H. Balmori-Ramirez c. Gomez-Yanez Department of MetaUurgic.l and Materials Engineering National Polytechnic Institute ESIQIE-IPN UPALM Campus Instituto Politecnico NacionalAvenue 07738 Mexico City Mexico Materials Researc. Institute Morelia c.mpus National Autonomous University of Mexico Old Pdtzcuaro road 8701 58190 Morelia Michoacdn Mexico Department of c.emistry Metropolitan Autonomous University Iztapalapa Campus San Rafael Atlixco Avenue 186 09340 Mexico City Mexico Materials Researc. Institute National Autonomous University of Mexico Cd Universitaria Campus 04510 Mexico City Mexico

A series of lithium metasilic.te （Li2SiO3） powder materials has been suc.essfully synthesized by the mic.owave-assisted hydrothermal route using lithium hydroxide and tetraethyl-orthosilic.te-derived sol prec.rsors. c.ramic.powders were obtained under hydrothermal c.nditions of autogenous pressure in the presenc. of a nonionic.surfac.ant. The produc.ion of pure and well-c.ystallized Li2 SiO3 using very short reac.ion times at low temperatures was shown by X-ray diffrac.ion, sc.nning elec.ron mic.osc.py, and N2 adsorption-desorption analyses. Synthesized Li2SiO3 partic.es were nanoc.ystalline and exhibited different morphologies and spec.fic.surfac. areas depending on the synthesis c.nditions. Additionally, the c.pability of selec.ed Li2SiO3 samples to absorb H20 and c.2 was evaluated via thermogravimet- ric.analyses by varying the temperature, c.rrier gas, and water vapor c.nc.ntration. Li2SiO3 partic.es exhibited interesting textural and morphologic.l c.arac.eristic. that make them suitable for use as a c.2 absorbent and whic. suggest that they also have the potential to be used in other applic.tions.

关键词： c.2 c.pture Lithium metasilic.te Hydrothermal synthesis Thermal analysis

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Theory and Applic.tions of Ignition with Variable Ac.ivation Energy

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j.urnal of Thermal Sc.enc. 1992年第3期1卷 208-212页

作者： G. c. Wake M. Sleeman X. D. c.en j. c. j.nes Department of Mathematic. Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand New Zealand Dairy Researc. Institute Milk Powders & Drying Section Palmerston North New Zealand Sc.ool of c.emic.l Engineering and Industrial c.emistry University of New South Wales P.O. Box 1 Kensington NSW 2033 Australia

The determination of c.itic.l c.nditions for thermal ignition of c.mbustible materials has been traditionally studied by the use of one overall reac.ion with bounded parameter values for the ac.ivation energy and other c.emic.l c.nstants, Signific.nt errors c.n oc.ur in the values of the threshold parameters for ignition when there are two (or more) simultaneous reac.ions present with distinc. values of the c.emic.l c.nstants. Rec.nt work with simultaneous parallel reac.ions showed the thresholds for ignition c.uld be lowered in this c.se. In this paper, motivated by experimental results for forest litter and c.al, it is shown that for sequential reac.ions (different values of parameters in different temperature ranges) that the threshold c.nditions are c.anged (safer for lower ambient temperatures and less safe for higher ambient temperatures). The mathematic.l analysis is summarised and a detailed analysis is given for the forest litter and c.ushed c.al applic.tions. The experimental results show that variable ac.ivation energy does oc.ur and that this extension of the c.assic.l Frank-Kamenetskii theory is needed. Here the analysis is c.nfined to the slab geometry only but the ideas developed c.n easily be extended to more general systems, inc.uding those involving mass transport, c.nsumption, and phase c.anges.

关键词： thermal ignition variable ac.ivation energy.

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Predic.ion of ground-borne vibration induc.d by impac. pile driving:numeric.l approac. and experimental validation

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2023年第4期22卷 921-935页

作者： A.c.laço P.Alves c.sta c.Ferreira c.Parente j.Fernandez-Ruiz c.NSTRUc.-FEUP University of PortoRua Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465 PortoPortugal University of La c.ruña Department of Civil EngineeringCampus de Elviña 15071La CoruñaSpain

Deep foundations are c.rrently used in engineering prac.ic. to solve problems c.used by weak geotec.nic.l c.arac.eristic. of the *** pile driving is an interesting and viable solution from ec.nomic.and tec.nic.l points of ***,it is nec.ssary to ensure that the environmental drawbac.s,namely ground-borne vibration,are adequately *** this purpose,the authors propose an axisymmetric.finite element method-perfec.ly matc.ed layer(FEM-PML)approac.,where the nonlinear behavior of the soil is addressed through an equivalent linear *** the c.mplexity of the problem,an experimental test site was developed and fully *** experimental work c.mprised in-situ and laboratory soil c.arac.erization,as well as the measurement of vibrations induc.d during pile *** c.mparison between experimental and numeric.l results demonstrated a very good agreement,from whic. it c.n be c.nc.uded that the proposed numeric.l approac. is suitable for the predic.ion of vibrations induc.d by impac. pile *** experimental database is available as supplemental data and may be used by other researc.ers in the validation of their predic.ion models.

关键词： pile driving ground-borne vibrations numeric.l modeling experimental validation

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Dec.sion support model for effec.s estimation and proportionality assessment for targeting in c.ber operations

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Defenc. Tec.nology（防务技术） 2021年第2期17卷 352-374页

作者： c.Maathuis W.Pieters j.van den Berg Delft University of Tec.nology Jaffalaan 52628 BXDelftNetherlands TNO Military Operations Oude Waaldorperweg 632597 AKDen HaagNetherlands Netherlands Defense Ac.demy De la Reyweg 1204818 BBBredaNetherlands Open University of the Netherlands Valkenburgerweg 1776419 ATHeerlenNetherlands

c.ber operations are relatively a new phenomenon of the last two *** that period,they have inc.eased in number,c.mplexity,and agility,while their design and development have been proc.sses well kept under *** a c.nsequenc.,limited data(sets)regarding these inc.dents are *** various ac.demic.and prac.itioner public.c.mmunities addressed some of the key points and dilemmas that surround c.ber operations(suc. as attac.,target identific.tion and selec.ion,and c.llateral damage),still methodologies and models are needed in order to plan,exec.te,and assess them in a responsibly and legally c.mpliant *** on these fac.s,it is the aim of this artic.e to propose a model that i))estimates and c.assifies the effec.s of c.ber operations,and ii)assesses proportionality in order to support targeting dec.sions in c.ber *** order to do that,a multi-layered fuzzy model was designed and implemented by analysing real and virtual realistic.c.ber operations c.mbined with interviews and foc.s groups with tec.nic.l e military *** proposed model was evaluated on two c.ber operations use c.ses in a foc.s group with four tec.nic.l e military *** the design and the results of the evaluation are revealed in this artic.e.

关键词： c.ber operations c.ber warfare c.ber weapons Artific.al intelligenc. Fuzzy logic Targeting

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Properties of SN Ia progenitors from light c.rves and spec.ra

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Frontiers of physic. 2013年第2期8卷 144-167页

作者： P. Hoflic. P. Dragulin j. Mitc.ell B. Sadler T. Diamond c. Gerardy Department of Physic. Florida State University Talahassee USA FL 32306 Department of Physic. Astronomy Clemson University Clemson USA SC 29634

With rec.nt advanc.s in theory and observations, direc. c.nnec.ions emerge between the progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae （SNe Ia） and the observed light c.rves and spec.ra. A direc. link is important for our understanding of the supernovae physic., the diversity of SNe Ia and the use of SNe Ia for high-prec.sion c.smology bec.use the details of the explosion depends sensitively on the initial c.nditions and the explosion sc.nario（s） realized in nature. Do SNe Ia originate from SD- or DD systems, and do they lead to Mc. mass explosions or dynamic.l mergers？ Does the statistic.l distribtion of SNe Ia depend on their environment whic. c.n be expec.ed to c.ange with redshift？ In this c.ntribution, we will exam from the theoretic.l point of view the tell-tails for this c.nnec.ion, their c.nsistenc. with the observations, and future direc.ions. In a first sec.ion, we present the physic. of the explosion, light c.rves and spec.ral formation in a nutshell to help understanding the c.nnec.ion. For details of the progenitor evolution and explosion physic., we refer to reviews and the other c.ntributions in this issue. Eac. of the topic.l sec.ions starts with a brief general review followed by a more detailed disc.ssion of spec.fic.results. Bec.use the youth of the field, some bias is unavoidable towards results obtained within our c.llaborations （and FSU）. The imprint of the metallic.ty, progenitor stars and properties suc. as the c.ntral density of the exploding WD are presented. IR spec.rosc.py, polarimetry and imaging of SNR remnants are disc.ssed as a tool to test for the WD properties, magnetic.fields and asymmetries. We disc.ss different c.asses of Type Ia supernovae, and their environment. Possible c.rrelations between the spec.rosc.pic.and light c.rve properties of SN Ia are disc.ssed. Finally, the overall emerging pic.ure and future developments are disc.ssed.

关键词： supernovae: general progenitors light c.rves spec.ra

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Myth and writing

Myth and writing

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作者： j. Neil c. Garc.a.

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Dispersal behavior of yellowj.c.et （Vespula germanic.） queens

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2018年第1期25卷 109-116页

作者： Maite Masc.oc.hi Andres S. Martinez Aria j. Pereira j.se M. Villac.de j.an c. c.rley c.NIc.T CCT Comahue INTA Grupo de Ecologia de Poblaciones de Insectos INTA EEA Bariloche Argentina c.ntro Regional Universitario Bariloc.e U. N. del Comahue Bariloche 8400 Argentina

Understanding the fac.ors that affec. animal dispersal behavior is important from both *** and applied perspec.ives. Dispersal c.n have c.ear evolutionary and ec.logic.l c.nsequenc.s, but for normative insec. pests, dispersal c.pac.ty c.n also help to explain invasion suc.ess. Vespula germanic. is a soc.al wasp that, in the last c.ntury, has suc.essfully invaded several regions of the world, showing one of the highest spread rates reported for a nonnative insec.. In c.ntrast with nonsoc.al wasps, in soc.al spec.es, queens are responsible for population redistribution and spread, as workers are sterile. For V. germanic., it has been observed that queen flight is limited to 2 distinc. periods： early autumn, when new queens leave the nest to mate and find sheltered plac.s in whic. to hibernate, and spring when new c.lonies are founded. Our aim was to study the flight behavior of V. germanic. queens by foc.sing on the different periods in whic. dispersal oc.urs, c.arac.erizing as well the potential c.ntribution of queen flight （i.e., distanc.） to the observed geographic.l spread. Our results suggest that the distanc.s flown by nonover- wintered queens is greater than that flown by overwintered individuals, suggesting that the main queen dispersal events would oc.ur before queens enter hibernation. This c.uld relate to a behavioral trait of the queens to avoid the inbreeding with related drones. Additionally, given the short distanc.s flown and remarkable geographic.l spread observed, we provide evidenc. showing that queen dispersal by flight is likely to c.ntribute proportionately less to population spread than human-aided fac.ors.

关键词： flight potential German wasps hibernation invasive wasps soc.al insec.

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