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Laboratory ev.luation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and larv.l stages of cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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j.urnal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： BUSNOOR Abhishek v. WADASKAR R.M. FAND Babasaheb B. TAMBE v.j. PILLAI T. MAHULE D.j. NAGRARE v.S. PRASAD Y.G. Entomology Section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Cotton Research Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

Background The cryptic nature of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)larv.e enables its reduced v.l-nerability to insecticidal ***,the dev.lopment of resistance against Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)toxins posed a serious threat to transgenic cotton *** necessitated determining the critical timing of spray applications on the control *** study assessed the influence of egg age(freshly laid ***-day-old)and the loca-tion of larv.e(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the boll rind *** inside the bolls)on insecticide control *** The results rev.aled a significant decrease in the ov.cidal activ.ty of tested insecticides with an increase in the age of eggs from one day old to three days old(paired t-test,Pv.e directly exposed to the insec-ticide residues on the boll rind were more susceptible(>80%mortality)than the larv.e exposed after they had bur-rowed inside the bolls(v.lopmental biology were more pronounced in the experiment on pre-larv.l release insecticide treatment compared with insecticide treatment giv.n post-larv.l release and entry inside the *** Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the larv.l location,directly exposed v. bur-rowed inside the *** eggs and the larv.e that had burrowed inside the green bolls of cotton were relativ.ly less susceptible to the insecticide *** toxic effects of insecticides on egg and larv.l stages were primar-ily *** findings are significant for dev.sing a comprehensiv. strategy for pink bollworm management on a sustainable basis.

关键词： Bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella Timings of spray

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Effects of a school-based karate interv.ntion on academic achiev.ment,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 90-98页

作者： Tania Pinto-Escalona Erica Gobbi Pedro L.v.lenzuela Simon j.bennett Pierluigi Aschieri Manuel Martin-Loeches Antonio Paoli Oscar Martinez-de-Quel Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino“Carlo Bo”Urbino 61029Italy Department of Systems Biology University of AlcaláMadrid 28805Spain Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Faculty of ScienceLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUK Italian j.do WrestlingKarate and Martial Arts FederationRome 00122Italy Psychobiology&Methods for the Behav.oural Sciences Department Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPadua 35122Italy

Purpose:To examine the effects of a school-based karate interv.ntion on academic achiev.ment,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in children aged 7-8 ***:Twenty schools in 5 different European countries(2 second-grade classrooms per school)participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial(Sport at School trial).Participants were assigned to either a control group,which continued with their habitual physical education lessons,or to an interv.ntion group,which replaced these lessons with a 1-year karate interv.ntion(Karate Mind and Mov.ment program).A total of 721 children(344 girls and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 years old,mean±SD)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 were assigned to the control group and interv.ntion group,*** included academic performance(av.rage grade),psychosocial functioning(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for parents),and different markers of physical fitness(cardiorespiratory fitness,balance,and flexibility).Results:The interv.ntion prov.ded small but significant benefits compared to the control group for academic achiev.ment(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct problems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),cardiorespiratory fitness(d=0.36;pv.d for other v.riables,including psychosocial difficulties,emotional symptoms,hyperactiv.ty/inattention,peer problems,or prosocial behav.our(all p>0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year school-based karate interv.ntion was effectiv. in improv.ng academic achiev.ment,conduct problems,and physical fitness in primary school *** results support the inclusion of karate during physical education lessons.

关键词： Academic performance Cardiorespiratory fitness Conduct problems Karate Physical fitness

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Thermoluminescence characterization of natural and synthetic irradiated Ce-monazites

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 643-650页

作者： v.Correcher C.Boronat j.Garcia-Guinea j.F.Benav.nte T.Riv.ra-Montalv. CIEMAT Av.Complutense 4028040MadridSpain MNCN-CSIC J.Gutierrez Abascal 228006MadridSpain Instituto Politécnico Nacional CICATA-IPNAv.Legaria 694Mexico City11500Mexico

The thermoluminescence(TL)emission of synthetic and natural Ce-monazites was characterized here to determine the potential application in the identification of microscopic defects from a qualitativ. point of v.ew trying to link each TL peak to a chemical-physical *** kinetic parameters that lead the luminescence processes were calculated by means of v.riable heating rate and computing glow curv. deconv.lution methods and allow identifying three groups of components at~90,130 and 290℃(for the mineral sample)and~90,170,220,270 and 320℃(for the synthetic CePO_(4):Nd_(0.20),La_(0.25)).The main differences appreciated in these complex TL curv.s are mainly due to(i)the content of impurities(natural sample contains lanthanides as well as U 0.60%and Th 5.22%)and(ii)the degree of crystallinity of the samples which is directly related to the type of impurities(synthetic monazite relies only on Nd and La).The behav.or of the dose response in the range of 1-8 Gy is similar for both samples;the TL intensity increases linearly as the dose increases without changes in the position of the maxima,denoting first-order kinetic luminescence *** peak could be mostly associated with structural defects(i.e.,phase transitions),chemical reactions(i.e.,Ce3+?Ce4+redox reaction,dehydration or dehydroxylation processes)or intrinsic defects(i.e.,Frenkel defects,ODCs or NBOHCs).

关键词： Thermoluminescence Kineticparameters Phosphate Ce-monazite Defects Rare earths

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In situ digital testing method for quality assessment of soft soil improv.ment with polyurethane

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j.urnal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1732-1748页

作者： X.F.Wang C.j.Wang W.v.Yue Z.j.Zhang Z.Q.Yue Department of Civ.l Engineering China University of Geosciences (Beijing)BeijingChina Department of Water Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Civ.l Engineering The University of Hong KongChina

This study purposes an in situ testing method on quality assessment of soil *** drilling data includes the spatial distribution and in situ strength of untreated and treated soil along three different drillholes measured by on-site drilling monitoring *** factual drilling data can characterize the degree of soil improv.ment by penetration inj.ction with permeable *** from on-site drilling monitoring shows that the linear zones represent constant drilling speeds shown in the plot of drill bit adv.ncement *** drilling time,which indicates the spatial distributions of soil *** soil profile at the study site is composed of four layers,which includes fill,untreated silty clay,treated silty clay,and mucky *** results of soil profile are v.rified by the parallel site *** constant drilling speeds profile the coring-resistant strength of drilled *** comparing with the untreated silty clay,the constant drilling speeds of the treated silty clay hav. been decreased by 13.0-62.8%.Two drilling-speed-based indices of 61.2%and 65.6%are proposed to assess the decreased av.rage drilling speed and the increased in situ strength of treated silty *** tests,*** compressiv. strength(UCS)test,hav. been performed with core sample to inv.stigate and characterize in situ strength by comparing that with drilling *** show that the av.rage predicted strengths of treated silty clay are 2.4-6.9 times higher than the av.rage measured strength of untreated silty *** UCS-based indices of 374.5%and 344.2%v.rified the quality assessment(QA)results by this new in situ *** method prov.des a cost-effectiv. tool for quality assessment of soil improv.ment by utilizing the digital drilling data.

关键词： Drilling process monitoring system Hydraulic rotary drilling process Constant drilling speed Soil improv.ment Quality assessment

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Biodiv.rsity Assessment of Av.fauna in the Forest Reserv.tion of Aurora State College of Technology (ASCOT), Philippines

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Open j.urnal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 292-308页

作者： Afed S. Daiwey Heherson B. Ong Emerson v. Barcellano Edmundo C. Gumpal Michelle Ann M. Calubaquib Rafael j. Padre School of Forestry and Env.ronmental Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler Philippines College of Forestry and Env.ronmental Science Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of Agriculture Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of Engineering Isabela State University Echague Philippines

The research study was conducted to assess and quantify the current status of av.fauna biodiv.rsity assets of Aurora State College of Technology’s Forest Reserv.tion in Baler, Aurora, Philippines. Assessment of av.faunal div.rsity was undertaken by trav.rsing the four established circular plots hav.ng a radius of 125 meters or 250 meters diameters each as permanent monitoring stations. Study rev.aled a total number of 151 Indiv.dual species, classified into 23 genera and 21 families. Eighteen of these species are endemic while the remaining fiv. were fully migrated birds. All birds observ.d were classified as Least Concern (LC) species according to the International Union for Conserv.tion of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species and the updated list of the Birds of the World online. Its abundance, richness and div.rsity index were calculated using Shannon Div.rsity Index (H') while Pielou’s ev.nness (j.) for distribution of species. Forest reserv.tion of ASCOT has more ev.n (0.756 j.) and moderate div.rsity (2.812 H') observ.tion on av.fauna in general. Howev.r, this av.an population ev.luation was threatened into a v.rge of extinction due to natural and anthropological threats that causes forest deforestation. Such deforestation of habitat causes dwindling of wildlife territory leading to the scarcity of bird’s population. Thus, the assessment was conducted to aid ASCOT administration find significant plans to ensure sustainable conserv.tion and protection of the remaining av.fauna species in the reserv.tion area.

关键词： Biodiv.rsity Av.fauna Abundance Species Richness Species Div.rsity

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Role of lysosomal trafficking regulator in autophagic lysosome reformation in neurons:a disease perspectiv.

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 957-958页

作者： Prashant Sharma j.nny Serra-v.nardell Wendy j.Introne May Christine v.Malicdan NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program Common FundOffice of the DirectorNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Human Biochemical Genetics Section Medical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA(Serra-Vinardell JIntrone)

Lysosomes are discrete organelles that act as recycling centers for extracellular and intracellular materials,playing a piv.tal role in maintaining cellular *** acidic env.ronment,maintained by numerous hydrolytic enzymes,facilitates substrate *** in lysosomal processes can lead to abnormal substrate degradation,significantly impacting cellular *** energy-demanding cells,such as post-mitotic neurons,are especially v.lnerable to these changes,often resulting in neurological ***,a conserv.d catabolic process,requires extensiv. lysosomal *** plays a key role in remov.ng unnecessary intracellular components,ensuring cellular homeostasis,and promoting cell surv.v.l during stress conditions such as starv.tion,infection,or cellular damage.

关键词： homeostasis lysosomal remov.ng

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Stand dynamics of old-growth hemlock forests in central Bhutan are shaped by natural disturbances

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 434-447页

作者： Karma Tenzin Craig R.Nitschke Kathryn j.Allen Raphael Trouv. Thiet v.Nguyen Patrick j.Baker School of Agriculture Foodand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of Melbourne500 Yarra BlvdRichmondVictoriaAustralia School of Geography Planningand Spatial SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaSandy BayTasmaniaAustralia Forest Science Institute of South v.etnam 1 Pham Van Hai StreetTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam

Understanding how past disturbances hav. influenced the dev.lopment of forests is critical for deciphering their current structure and composition and forecasting future *** this study,dendrochronological methods were applied to uncov.r the disturbance history of old-growth hemlock-dominated forests in central *** of tree-ring samples from two old-growth hemlock stands,located in two different topographic settings,identified the importance of gap-phase dynamics in facilitating recruitment and growth releases and producing complex,multi-aged structure s ov.r *** site showed ev.dence of a near stand-replacing disturbance in the late 1700s,while the other showed no ev.de nce of high-sev.rity disturbance at any time ov.r the last 400 *** both sites low-to medium-sev.rity disturbances,some of which appear to be associated with cyclones originating in the Bay of Bengal,dominated the disturbance *** hemlock stands exhibited a significant positiv. association between cyclone occurrence and growth release ev.nts and between recruitment pulses and growth release *** 1800 to 1970 there was an increase in recruitment of angiosperm tree species at most sites and a corresponding decline in conifer *** the past 50 years there has been little new recruitment;this may be due to light limitation in the understory from shade-tolerant angiosperms and bamboo in the lower strata of these *** v.riations in disturbance dynamics and recruitment were observ.d across the study sites,suggesting that other factors,such as topography and climate,may be influencing long-term stand dev.lopment *** study highlights the complex interplay between historical disturbance regimes and tree recruitment in shaping the age and size structures of old-growth hemlock forests in central *** also prov.des new insights into the dynamics of these forests that can be used to support effectiv. forest conserv.tion and management i

关键词： Forest structure Hemlock forest Himalaya Natural disturbance

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Synchronized off-harmonic probe laser with highly v.riable pulse duration for laser-plasma interaction experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 99-107页

作者： j.Hornung Y.Zobus H.Lorenté C.Brabetz B.Zielbauer v.Bagnoud GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH DarmstadtGermany Institut d’Optique UniversitéParis-SaclayPalaiseauFrance Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

This paper presents the dev.lopment and experimental utilization of a synchronized off-harmonic laser system designed as a probe for ultra-intense laser±plasma interaction experiments. The system exhibits a nov.l seed-generation design,allowing for a v.riable pulse duration spanning ov.r more than three orders of magnitude, from 3.45 picoseconds to 10 nanoseconds. This makes it suitable for v.rious plasma diagnostics and v.sualization techniques. In a side-v.ew configuration, the laser was employed for interferometry and streaked shadowgraphy of a laser-induced plasma while successfully suppressing the self-emission background of the laser±plasma interaction, resulting in a signal-to-self-emission ratio of 110 for this setup. These properties enable the probe to yield v.luable insights into the plasma dynamics and interactions at the PHELIX facility and to be deployed at v.rious laser facilities due to its easy-to-implement design.

关键词： interferometry laser-plasma interaction off-harmonic probe laser streaked shadowgraphy

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Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasma slab produced in a gas j.t by the collision of two laser-driv.n hydrodynamic shockwav.s

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： j.-R.Marquès L.Lancia P.Loiseau P.Forestier-Colleoni M.Tarisien E.Atukpor v.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consoli j.Domange F.Hannachi P.Nicolaï M.Salv.dori B.Zielbauer LULI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance Univ.rsitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Univ.rsity of Darmstadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety Department C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance Univ.rsitéParis-Saclay CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We hav. recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driv.n hydrodynamic shockwav.s generated on both sides of a gas j.t[Marquès et al.,*** 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical work,we study experimentally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driv.n by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas *** tailoring,the acceleration is transv.rse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum,produced by Coulomb *** the front side of the gas j.t is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasma are *** forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of collisionless shock acceleration(CSA).The spatiotemporal ev.lution of the plasma profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe *** refraction and absorption of this beam are simulated by post-processing 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma *** with the experimental results allows estimation of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasma slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas *** parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA.

关键词： acceleration hydrodynamic collision

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MODELING HEADCUT DEv.LOPMENT AND MIGRATION IN UPLAND CONCENTRATED FLOWS

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International j.urnal of Sediment Research 2005年第4期20卷 281-294页

作者： Sean j. bennett Carlos v. ALONSO Department of Geography University at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14261-0055 USA USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory P.O. Box 1157 Oxford MS 38655

On hillslopes and agricultural fields, discrete areas of intense, localized soil erosion commonly take place in the form of migrating headcuts. These erosional features significantly increase soil loss and landscape degradation, yet the unsteady, transient, and migratory habits of headcuts complicate their phenomenological and erosional characterization. Here a unique experimental facility was constructed to examine activ.ly migrating headcuts typical of upland concentrated flows. Essential components of the facility include a deep soil cav.ty with external drainage, rainfall simulator, capacity for ov.rland flow, and a v.deo recording technique for data collection. Results from these experiments show that: (1) after a short period of adj.stment, headcut migration attained a steady-state condition, where the rate of migration, scour hole geometry, and sediment discharge remain constant with time; (2) boundary conditions of higher rates of ov.rland flow, steeper bed slopes, and larger initial headcut heights produced systematically larger scour holes with higher rates of soil erosion; and (3) during migration, the turbulent flow structure within the scour hole remained unchanged, consisting of an ov.rfall nappe at the brink transitioning into a reattached wall j.t with two recirculation eddies within the plunge pool. The systematic behav.or of headcut dev.lopment and migration enabled the application of modified j.t impingement theory to predict with good success the characteristics of the impinging j.t, the depth of maximum scour, the rate of headcut migration, and the rate of sediment erosion. These laboratory data and the analytical formulation can be used in conj.nction with soil erosion prediction technology to improv. the management of agricultural areas impacted by headcut dev.lopment and ephemeral gully erosion.

关键词： Soil erosion Headcuts Rills Gullies j.t impingement

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