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Solar Driven 15.7% Hydrogen Conversion by Harm.ny of Light Harvesting,Electron Transporting Bridge,and S-Defection in a Self-Assem.led m.croscale CuS/rGO/CP Photoanode

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Energy & Environm.ntal m.terials 2024年第3期7卷 190-201页

作者： Suj.ong Kim.Boseok Seo Hyerim.park Younghwan Im.j.ong Yeon Do Byung Sub Kwak Nam.yu Son m.nkyu Kim.m.sook Kang Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of Natural SciencesYeungnam UniversityGyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541Korea School of Chem.cal Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541Korea Departm.nt of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chem.stry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 615-8510Japan Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(Keit) Cheomdan-Ro 8-GilDong-GuDaegu 41069Korea Korea Electric Power Research Institute(KEPRI)105 m.nj.-ro Yooseong-guDaejeon 34056Korea

CuS is an encouraging photoelectrode candidate that m.ets the essential requirem.nts for efficient solar-to-hydrogen production,but it has not been thoroughly studied.A CuS light absorber layer is grown by the self-assem.ly of copper and sulfur precursors on a carbon paper(CP)***,rGO is introduced as a buffer layer to control the optical and electrical properties of the *** well-ordered m.crostructural arrangem.nt suppresses the recom.ination loss of electrons and holes owing to enhanced charge-carrier generation,separation,and *** potential reaching 10 m. cm.(-2)in 1.0 m.KOH solution is significantly lowered to 0.87 V,and the photocurrent density at 1.23 V is 94.7 m. cm.(-2).The com.utational result reveals that the potential-determ.ning step is sensitive to O^(*)stability;the lower stability of O^(*)in the thin layer of CuS/rGO decreases the free-energy gap between the initial and final states of the potential-determ.ning step,resulting in a lowering of the onset *** faradaic efficiency for the photoelectrochem.cal oxygen evolution reaction in the optim.zed 2CuS/1rGO/CP photoanode is 98.60%,and the applied bias photon-to-current and the solar-to-hydrogen efficiencies are 11.2%and 15.7%,respectively,and its ultra-high perform.nce is m.intained for 250 *** record-breaking achievem.nt indices m.y be a trigger for establishing a green hydrogen econom..

关键词： 15.7%-solar to hydrogen density functional theory lower photopotential p-CuS/rGO/CP photoanode photoelectrochem.cal oxygen evolution

Bidirectional rotating direct-current triboelectric nanogenerator with self-adaptive m.chanical switching for harvesting reciprocating m.tion

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International j.urnal of Extrem. m.nufacturing 2024年第4期6卷 324-335页

作者： Donghan Lee j.onm.n Chae Sum.n Cho j.ng Woo Kim.Awais Ahm.d m.ham.ad Rezaul Karim.m.onwoo La Sung j.a park Dongwhi Choi Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering(Integrated Engineering Program. Kyung Hee University1732 Deogyeong-daeroYonginGyeonggi 17104Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of LahoreLahorePakistan Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Saudi Arabia School of m.chanical Engineering Korea University of Technology and Education1600 Chungjeol-roCheonanChungnam 31253Republic of Korea

Am.d the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as novel energy-harvesting devices,several studies have focused on direct current(DC)TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic ***,owing to the working m.chanism. of conventional DC TENGs,generating a stable DC output from.reciprocating m.tion rem.ins a ***,we propose a bidirectional rotating DC TENG(BiR-TENG),which can generate DC outputs,regardless of the direction of rotation,from.reciprocating *** distinct design of the BiR-TENG enables the m.chanical rectification of the alternating current output into a rotational-direction-dependent DC ***,it allows the conversion of the rotational-direction-dependent DC output into a unidirectional DC output by adapting the configurations depending on the rotational *** to these tailored design strategies and subsequent optim.zations,the BiR-TENG could generate an effective unidirectional DC *** of the BiR-TENG for the reciprocating m.tions of swinging doors and waves were dem.nstrated by harnessing this *** study dem.nstrates the potential of the BiR-TENG design strategy as an effective and versatile solution for energy harvesting from.reciprocating m.tions,highlighting the suitability of DC outputs as an energy source for electronic devices.

关键词： direct-current triboelectric nanogenerator m.chanical rectification self-adaptive m.chanical design harvesting reciprocation m.tion

Effects of low m.lecular weight polysaccharide from.Sargassum.thunbergii against palm.tic acid-induced intracellular lipid accum.lation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte and HepG2 cells

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Food Science and Hum.n Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2244-2252页

作者： Hyo-Geun Lee D.P.Nagahawatta m.j.m.S.Kurera Kyung-m. Song Yun-Sang Choi You-j.n j.on m.n-Cheol Kang Departm.nt of m.rine Life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation ManagementWayamba University of Sri LankaMakanduraGonawila(NWP)60170Sri Lanka Research Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research Institute245Wanju 55365Republic of Korea

Low m.lecular weight polysaccharides can be isolated from.Sargassum.thunbergii(Lm.ST)and in vitro experim.nts were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects on *** natures of Lm.ST were attained from.*** and appraised their Lm.ST on palm.tic acid(PA)induced lipid accretion in Hep G2,and 3T3-L1 *** treatm.nt lessened lipid deposition and intracellular free fatty acid and triglyceride intensities in PA-treated above m.ntioned *** m.chanistic study publicized that Lm.ST2 significantly suppressed adipogenesis and stim.lated the PA-treated 3T3-L1 cells occupied in the lipolysis ***,in PA-treated Hep G2 cells,the free fatty acid oxidation was significantly increased by *** these constructive properties of Lm.ST2 from.***,is a potential candidate for dim.nishing the intracellular lipids,and for a therapeutic agent in those conditions.

关键词： Sargassum.thunbergii Low m.lecular weight polysaccharide Lipid accum.lation Obesity Liver steatosis

The secondary inj.ry cascade after spinal cord inj.ry:an analysis of local cytokine/chem.kine regulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel j.Hellenbrand Charles m.Quinn Zachariah j.Piper Ryan T.Elder Raveena R.m.shra Taylor L.m.rti Phoebe m.Om.ro Rylie m.Roddick j.e Sung Lee William.L.m.rphy Am.ad S.Hanna Departm.nt of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Departm.nt of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Forward BIO Institute University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA

After spinal cord inj.ry,there is an extensive infiltration of im.une cells,which exacerbates the inj.ry and leads to further neural ***,a m.j.r aim.of current research involves targeting the im.une response as a treatm.nt for spinal cord *** m.ch research has been perform.d analyzing the com.lex inflam.atory process following spinal cord inj.ry,there rem.in m.j.r discrepancies within previous literature regarding the tim.line of local cytokine *** obj.ctives of this study were to establish an overview of the tim.line of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord inj.ry,identify sexual dim.rphism. in term. of cytokine levels,and determ.ne local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord *** were inflicted with either a m.ld contusion,m.derate contusion,severe contusion,or com.lete transection,7 m. of spinal cord centered on the inj.ry was harvested at varying tim.s post-inj.ry,and tissue hom.genates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chem.kine 27-Plex *** dem.nstrated pro-inflam.atory cytokines including tum.r necrosis factorα,interleukin-1β,and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord inj.ry,but returned to uninj.red levels within approxim.tely 24 hours post-inj.ry,while chem.kines including m.nocyte chem.attractant protein-1 rem.ined upregulated for days *** contrast,several anti-inflam.atory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days *** spinal cord inj.ry,tissue inhibitor of m.talloproteinase-1,which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar developm.nt,increased m.re than all other cytokines tested,reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninj.red *** a m.ld inj.ry,11 cytokines dem.nstrated sexual dim.rphism.;however,after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between fem.le and m.le *** conclusion,pro-inflam.atory cytokines in

关键词： astrocytes chem.kines cytokines inflam.ation m.crophages m.croglia secondary dam.ge spinal cord inj.ry

The PRR-EC com.lex and SWR1 chrom.tin rem.deling com.lex function cooperatively to repress nighttim. hypocotyl elongation by m.dulating PIF4 expression in Arabidopsis

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Plant Com.unications 2024年第9期5卷 184-199页

作者： j.n Hoon Won j.onghyang park Hong Gil Lee Sangrae Shim.Hongwoo Lee Eunkyoo Oh Pil j.on Seo Departm.nt of Chem.stry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Life Sciences Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Plant Genom.cs and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Forest Resources Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea

The circadian clock entrained by environm.ntal light-dark cycles enables plants to fine-tune diurnal growth and developm.ntal ***,we show that physical interactions am.ng evening clock com.onents,including PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5(PRR5),TIm.NG OF CAB EXPRESSION 1(TOC1),and the Evening Com.lex(EC)com.onent EARLY FLOWERING 3(ELF3),define a diurnal repressive chrom.tin structure specifically at the PHYTOCHROm.-INTERACTING FACTOR 4(PIF4)locus in *** three clock com.onents act interdependently as well as independently to repress nighttim. hypocotyl elongation,as hypocotyl elongation rate dram.tically increased specifically at nighttim. in the prr5-1 toc1-21 elf3-1 m.tant,concom.tantly with a substantial increase in PIF4 *** repression of PIF4 by ELF3,PRR5,and TOC1 is m.diated by the SWI2/SNF2-RELATED(SWR1)chrom.tin rem.deling com.lex,which incorporates histone H2A.Z at thePIF4 locus,facilitating robust epigenetic suppression ofPIF4 during the ***,these findings dem.nstrate that the PRR-EC-SWR1 com.lex represses hypocotyl elongation at night through a distinctive chrom.tin dom.in covering PIF4 chrom.tin.

关键词： hypocotyl elongation circadian clock PRR Evening Com.lex histone H2A.Z SWR1 com.lex

Storylines of fam.ly m.dicine Ⅺ:professional identity form.tion—nurturing one’s own story

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Fam.ly m.dicine and Com.unity Health 2024年第S3期12卷 99-108页

作者： William.B Ventres Leslie A Stone Ham.sh j.Wilson Sum. m.Sexton David j.Doukas j.ssica P Cerdena David m.Kelley m.chael D Fetters j.ffrey j.Haney j.hn j.Frey III Fam.ly and Preventive m.dicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA General Practice and Rural Health University of Otago Dunedin School of MedicineDunedinNew Zealand Fam.ly m.dicine Georgetown University School of MedicineWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Fam.ly and Com.unity m.dicine Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA Fam.ly m.dicine Residency Program Middlesex HealthMiddletownConnecticutUSA Fam.ly m.dicine University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA m.dical Education and Clinical Sciences Washington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA Fam.ly m.dicine and Com.unity Health University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA

Storylines of Fam.ly m.dicine is a 12-part series of them.tically linked m.ni-essays with accom.anying illustrations that explore the m.ny dim.nsions of fam.ly m.dicine,as interpreted by individual fam.ly physicians and m.dical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅺ:professional identity form.tion—nurturing one’s own story’,authors address the following them.s:‘The social construction of professional identity’,‘On becom.ng a fam.ly physician’,‘What’s on the test?—professionalism.for fam.ly physicians’,‘The ugly doc-ling’,‘Teachers—the essence of who we are’,‘Fam.ly m.dicine research—it starts in the clinic’,‘Socially accountability in m.dical education’,‘Personal philosophy and how to find it’and‘Teaching and learning with Storylines of Fam.ly m.dicine’.m.y these essays encourage readers to find their own creative spark in m.dicine.

关键词： own becom.ng professional

m.asurem.nt of cryoelectronics heating using a local quantum.dot therm.m.ter in silicon

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Chip 2024年第3期3卷 1-7页

作者： m.thieu de Kruij. Grayson m.Noah Alberto Gom.z-Saiz j.hn j.L.m.rton m.Fernando Gonzalez-Zalba Quantum.m.tion 9 Sterling WayLondon N79HJUnited Kingdom London Centre for Nanotechnology University College London17-19 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H 0AHUnited Kingdom

Silicon technology offers the enticing opportunity for m.nolithic integration of quantum.and classical electronic ***,the power consum.tion levels of classical electronics m.y com.rom.se the local chip tem.erature and hence affect the fidelity of qubit *** the current work,a quantum.dot-based therm.m.ter em.edded in an industry-standard silicon fieldeffect transistor(FET)was adopted to assess the local tem.erature increase produced by an active FET placed in close *** im.act of both static and dynam.c operation regim.s was thoroughly *** the FET was operated statically,a power budget of 45 nW at 100-nm.separation was found,whereas at 216μm.the power budget was raised to 150μ*** tem.erature increase for the switch frequencies tested up to 10 m.z was observed when operating *** current work introduced a m.thod to accurately m.p out the available power budget at a distance from.a solid-state quantum.processor,and indicated the possible conditions under which cryoelectronics circuits m.y allow the operation of hybrid quantum.classical system..

关键词： Quantum.dot Cryogenic electronics Therm.m.try Spin qubit Heat m.nagem.nt

Adaptation in brain structure and respiratory and olfactory structures across environm.ntal gradients in African and North Am.rican m.roid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： Peter j.TAYLOR Aluwani NENGOVHELA Christiane DENYS Graham.R.SCOTT Catherine m.IVY Departm.nt of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afrom.ntane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa Departm.nt of m.m.alogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Institut de Systém.tique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance Departm.nt of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielm. and Shoem.ker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

m.rphom.tric studies of 3D m.cro CT-scanned im.ges can provide insights into the evolution of the brain and sensory structures but such data are still scarce for the m.st diverse m.m.alian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tested for convergence to extrem. aridity and high elevation in the sensory and brain m.rphology of rodents,from.m.rphom.tric data from.m.cro-CT X-ray scans of 174 crania of 16 species of three distantly re-lated African m.rid(soft-furred m.ce,Praom.ini,lam.nate-toothed rats,Otom.ini,and gerbils,Gerbillinae)clades and one North Am.rican cricetid(deer m.ce and white-footed m.ce,Perom.scus)*** studies dem.n-strated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extrem.ly arid-adapted species of Otom.ini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volum.(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otom.ini and Perom.scus).However,contrary to our predictions,we did notfind evidence of convergence in brain struc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/respiratory system.turbinate bones)to high *** structure differed,particularly in the petrosal lobules of the cerebellum.and the olfactory bulbs,between Otom.ini and Gerbillinae,with extrem. arid-adapted species in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from.other species in the sam. *** observed greater“packing”of the m.xillary turbinate bones,which have im.ortant respiratory functions,in Perom.scus m.ce from.high and low elevations com.ared to the high-elevation African Praom.ini,but m.re com.lex patterns within Perom.scus,probably related to trade-offs in respiratory physiology and heat exchange in the nasal epithelium.associated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3D m.rphom.trics Africa brain size North Am.rica Rodentia sensory evolution

Chem.cally m.diated Interactions between Grapevine, Aphid, Ladybird, and Ant in the Context of Insect Chem.cal Ecology

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Phyton-International j.urnal of Experim.ntal Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1523-1542页

作者： Taghreed Alsufyani Noura j.Alotaibi Nour Houda m.sakni m.na A.Alm.lki Em.n m.Algham.i Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Chem.stry Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceKing AbdulAziz UniversityP.O.Box 80200Jeddah21589Saudi Arabia

This study sim.liﬁes the com.lex relationship am.ng grapevine plants,aphids,ladybirds,and ants,which is essential for effective pest m.nagem.nt and ecological *** study investigated the im.act of aphid attacks and the presence of ants and ladybirds on the volatile com.ounds proﬁle released into the chem.sphere of the com.unity consisting of the com.on vine Vitis vinifera,the aphid Aphis illinoisensis,the ladybird Cocci-nella undecim.unctata-and the ant Tapinom. *** study aim. to analyze the volatile com.ounds em.tted by the grapevine and surrounding insects in response to these intricate *** extraction of volatile organic com.ounds(VOCs)was carried out using closed-loop stripping(CLS)and then analyzed via gas chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.try(GC-m.)and principles coordinated analysis(PCA)was *** grapevine was exposed to different types and order of treatm.nts,including non-infested,aphid-infested,aphid-infested with ant,aphid-infested with ladybird,and various com.inations of ant and *** the aphid attack,the outcom.s uncovered m.ssive alterations in the volatile com.ound proﬁ*** grapevine displayed distinct em.ssions of germ.crene D,an alcohol,and an alkene com.ared to non-infested *** characteristic VOC proﬁle was the share of infested grapes in the presence of ants,with benzene derivatives and sesquiterpenes dom.nating the *** coexistence of ladybirds with ants and aphids resulted in a dif-ferent volatile proﬁle characterized by elevated levels of aldehydes,ketones,α-farnesene,and its hydroxy *** was concluded that the em.ssion of VOCs into the chem.sphere of the grapevine com.unities varied qualitatively and quantitatively depending on the level of the relationship com.lexity within each com.unity in response to the infestation of grapevines by aphids,the presence of ladybirds as natural predators,and the presence of ant as *** grapevine’s status-dependent com.ounds

关键词： Aphids Aphis illinoisensis volatile organic com.ounds chem.sphere pest m.nagem.nt gas chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.try closed-loop stripping