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Buechel Pappas Resurf.cing Shoulder Replacement: Evolution and over 40 Years of.Clinical Experience

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Open j.urnal of.Orthopedics 2024年第5期14卷 218-228页

作者： f.ederick f. Buechel Michael j. Pappas Rutgers Nj.Medical School Newark NJ USA South Mountain Orthopaedic Associates South Orange NJ USA New j.rsey Institute of.Technology Newark NJ USA

Background: Early exploration of.the semi constrained “f.oating-Socket” total shoulder replacement (TSR) in 1974 led to a prolif.ration of.various unconstrained designs that allowed resection or retention of.the humeral head, depending upon the pathological process involved. Degenerative glenohumeral arthritis with mild to moderate involvement of.subchondral bone allowed f.r a resurf.cing option, while severe humeral head involvement required a partial or f.ll humeral head replacement attached to an intramedullary stem f.r f.xation. All components evolved f.om cemented to cementless application by 1982. The purpose of.this paper is to describe the progression of.Buechel-Pappas (B-P) shoulder replacement development f.om the early 1970’s in both cemented and cement less applications. Methods: Clinical evaluations of.“f.oating-Socket” TSR, f.llowed by B-P stem-type, resurf.cing types, bipolar-type and revision components, all of.which comprise the B-P Shoulder Replacement System, were perf.rmed over a 49-year period. Results: “f.oating-Socket” implants improved the results of.simple, constrained ball-in-socket designs, but generally f.iled by glenoid component loosening in both chimpanzee and human applications. Unconstrained resurf.cing-type components, both anatomical humeral head and f.ll proximal humeral components, were quite successf.l, with minimal f.ilures observed in long-term studies. Bipolar salvage implants, used f.r severe proximal def.ciencies, revisions and massive rotator cuf. arthropathy, were also very successf.l;providing overhead range of.motion in many patients. Conclusions: Resurf.cing hemiarthroplasty, in patients with intact or repairable rotator cuf. mechanisms, gave the most satisf.ctory results and were the least technically complicated to perf.rm, requiring minimal instrumentation. Resurf.cing of.f.ll proximal humeral def.ciencies, using f.moral resurf.cing components, gave similar clinical results to more complex semi-constrained devices,

关键词： Total Shoulder Replacement Resurf.cing Shoulder Replacement

吡嗪酰胺与利福平联合治疗HIV(-)结核感染的安全性

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结核与肺部疾病杂志 2005年第3期8卷 96-100页

作者： C. Tortaj.da j. Martinez-Lacasa f. Snchez A. j.mnez-f.entes M. L. De Souza j. f. garcia j. A. Martinez j. A. Cayl 马玙 Departmento de Epidemiologia Agenda de Salut Publica de Barcelona Barcelona Departmento de Medicina Interna Hospital Mutua de Terrassa Terrassa Barcelona Departmento de Epidemiologia Agenda de Salut Publica de Barcelona Barcelona Departmento de Medicina Interna Hospital del Mar Barcelona Unitat de Control i Prevencio de Tuberculosis Barcelona Departmento de Medicina Interna Hospital A. Marcide-Profesor Novoa Santos EI Ferrol La Coruna Departmento de Enf.rmedades Inf.cciosas Hospital Clinic Universitari Barcelona Spain

背景:西班牙四个城市9 家公共卫生治疗中心。目的:比较2 个月利福平+吡嗪酰胺(2RZ)与6 个月异烟肼(6H)治疗潜伏结核感染(LTBI),评估其效益及安全性。设计:对传染性肺结核病人的HIV(-)接触者进行多中心的前瞻性随机比较研究。结果:352 ... 详细信息

背景:西班牙四个城市9 家公共卫生治疗中心。目的:比较2 个月利福平+吡嗪酰胺(2RZ)与6 个月异烟肼(6H)治疗潜伏结核感染(LTBI),评估其效益及安全性。设计:对传染性肺结核病人的HIV(-)接触者进行多中心的前瞻性随机比较研究。结果:352 例中接受6H 者199 例,2RZ 者153 例;6H 组及2RZ 组治疗完成率各为73%及71%(P=0.73)。因肝毒性反应(AST 或ALT>5 倍正常上限值(ULN))而中断治疗者,2RZ 组为10%,6H 组为2.5%(P=0.007)。2RZ 组肝毒性反应高于期望发生率,因而未到期即终止了研究。停止治疗后肝功能均恢复正常。结论是RZ 方案只应用于不适用其它治疗方案者,且需有强化观察肝功能的条件。

关键词：潜伏结核感染 HIV血清学阴性肝毒性反应异烟肼利福平吡嗪酰胺潜伏结核感染联合治疗吡嗪酰胺安全性利福平前瞻性随机比较研究毒性反应肺结核病人正常上限值

Optimal Design of.Hybrid Microgrid in Isolated Communities of.Ecuador

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j.urnal of.Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 488-499页

作者： Luis A.Pesantes Ruben Hidalgo-León j.hnny Rengif. Miguel Torres j.rge Aragundi j.séCordova-garcia Luis f.Ugarte f.cultad de Ingeniería en Electricidad y Computación of.Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral(ESPOL)University GuayaquilEcuador Department of.Electrical Engineering at Universidad Técnica f.derico Santa María SantiagoChile IEEE

In rural territories, the communities use energy sources based on f.ssil f.els to supply themselves with electricity, which may address two main problems: greenhouse gas emissions and high f.el prices. Hence, there is an opportunity to include renewable resources in the energy mix. This paper develops an optimization model to determine the optimal sizing, the total annual investment cost in renewable generation, and other operating costs of.the components of.a hybrid microgrid. By running a k-means clustering algorithm on a meteorological dataset of.the community under study, the hourly representative values become input parameters in the proposed optimization model. The method f.r the optimal design of.hybrid microgrid is analyzed in six operating scenarios considering:(1) 24-hour continuous power supply;(2) load shedding percentage;(3) diesel power generator(genset) curtailment;(4) the worst meteorological conditions;(5) the use of.renewable energy sources including battery energy storage systems(BESSs);and(6) the use of.genset. A mathematical programming language(AMPL) tool is used to f.nd solutions of.the proposed optimization model. Results show that the total costs of.microgrid in the scenarios that cover 100% of.the load demand(without considering the scenario with 100% renewables) increase by over 16% compared with the scenario with genset operation limitation. f.r the designs with power supply restrictions, the total cost of.microgrid in the scenario with load shedding is reduced by over 27% compared with that without load shedding.

关键词： Battery energy storage system(BESS) isolated community microgrid renewable energy optimization

Reviewing 40 years of.artif.cial intelligence applied to power systems-A taxonomic perspective

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 136-150页

作者： f.Heymann H.Quest T.Lopez garcia C.Ballif.M.Galus Swiss f.deral Of.ice f.r Energy(Sf.E) Section Geoinformation and Digital InnovationIttigenSwitzerland Ecole Polytechnique f.dérale de Lausanne(EPf.) Photovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory(PV-LAB)Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering(IEM)NeuchâtelSwitzerland 3S Swiss Solar Solutions AG ThunSwitzerland Swiss Center f.r Electronics and Microtechnology(CSEM) Sustainable Energy CenterNeuchâtelSwitzerland Digital Energy and Electric Power Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and ArtsLucerneSwitzerland

Artif.cial intelligence(AI)as a multi-purpose technology is gaining increased attention and is now widely used across all sectors of.the *** growing complexity of.planning and operating power systems makes AI extremely valuable f.r the power *** now,there has been a lack of.clarity regarding the specif.c points along the power system supply chain where AI applications demonstrate signif.cant value,as well as which AI domains are best suited f.r such *** study employs an AI taxonomy and automated web search to qualitatively and quantitatively unveil the biggest potentials of.AI in the power *** analysis,based on a review of.258’919 publications between 1982 and 2022,reveals where AI applications are particularly *** consider six AI domains(reasoning,planning,learning,communication,perception,integration&interaction)and 19 use cases f.om the power supply chain(i.e.,generation,transmission networks,distribution networks,isolated grids/microgrids,market operations and retail).Our f.ndings indicate that,as of.now,the f.cus is predominantly on AI applications in power retail(55%),transmission(14%)and generation(13%).Most analyzed works describe applications built on algorithms of.the AI domains“learning”(45%)and“planning”(14%).Results also suggest that the current def.nition of.AI domains is ambiguous,and they highlight missing inf.rmation on the actual use and successf.l implementation of.AI in power system use cases.

关键词： Artif.cial intelligence Power systems Electricity Taxonomy Policy

The ef.ect of.abiotic stresses on plant C:N:P homeostasis and their mitigation by silicon

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The Crop j.urnal 2024年第2期12卷 340-353页

作者： Milton garcia Costa Renato de Mello Prado Luiz f.biano Palaretti j.nas Pereira de Souza j.nior Department of.Agricultural Production Science School of Agricultural and Veterinarian SciencesSão Paulo State UniversityJaboticabalBrazil

In crop plants, various environmental stresses af.ect the balance of.carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus(C:N:P), leading to biochemical and physiological alterations and reductions in yield. Silicon(Si) is a benef.cial element that alleviates plant stress. Most studies involving silicon have f.cused on physiological responses, such as improvements in photosynthetic processes, water use ef.iciency, and antioxidant def.nse systems. But recent research suggests that stressed plants f.cing either limited or excessive resources(water, light, nutrients, and toxic elements), strategically employ Si to maintain C:N:P homeostasis, thereby minimizing biomass losses. Understanding the role of.Si in mitigating the impact of.abiotic stresses on plants by regulating C:N:P homeostasis holds great potential f.r advancing sustainable agricultural practices in crop production. This review presents recent advances in characterizing the inf.uence of.environmental stresses on C:N:P homeostasis, as well as the role of.Si in preserving C:N:P equilibrium and attenuating biological damage associated with abiotic stress. It underscores the benef.cial ef.ects of.Si in sustaining C:N:P homeostasis and increasing yield via improved nutritional ef.iciency and stress mitigation.

关键词： Nutritional stoichiometry Elemental stoichiometry Benef.cial element Environmental stresses Nutritional ef.iciency Carbon use ef.iciency Agricultural sustainability

Synthesis of.coral-like structures of.Pr-Yb co-doped YIG: Structural,optical, magnetic and antimicrobial properties

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j.urnal of.Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 543-554,I0004页

作者： A.f.rnandez f.ancisca P.Arauj. Y.Guerra S.Castro-Lopes j.Matilla-Arias Idglan S.de Lima Edson C.Silva-f.lho j.sy A.Osaj.ma f.Guerrero R.Pena-garcia f.deral University of.Piau Graduate Program in Materials Science and EngineeringTeresinaPIBrazil f.deral Rural University of.Pernambuco Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo AgostinhoCabo de Santo AgostinhoPEBrazil f.deral University of.Piaui Department of PhysicTeresinaPBrazil f.deral University of.Pernambuco Graduate Program in Materials ScienceRecifePEBrazil University of.Granma Departmentof Basic Sciences and Applied InformaticsFaculty of Technical SciencesBayamoCuba f.deral University of.Amazonas Department of PhysicManausAMBrazil f.deral University of.Pernambuco Department of PhysicRecifePEBrazil

Coral-like structures of.the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)f._(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12),(0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.04, 0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.02) compound were synthesized using the sol-gel method. Structural investigation certif.ed the YIG cubic crystal structure f.rmation, without any secondary phase. It is shown that, the relatively large ionic radius of.the dopant cations results in an expansion of.the lattice parameter, variations in the Iona-O-Iondangle, Iona-O,Iond-O and Ionc-O bond distances and decrease in the average crystallite size. f.urier transf.rm inf.ared(f.IR) and Raman measurements are essential to testif. the single-phase f.rmation of.YIG crystal structure and are observed changes in the stretching and vibrational modes, respectively. The morphological study, energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) spectra and textural properties show corallike structures, peaks associated with Pr^(3+) and Yb^(3+) atoms and the ef.ect of.dopants on surf.ce area,diameter, and pore volume, respectively. The optical analysis f.om dif.use ref.ectance spectra witnessed an increase in the optical gap band, a decrease in Urbach energy and blue shif. in the charge transf.r,correlated with the expansion of.the unit cell due to the dopant's insertion in the YIG structure. A typical f.rrimagnetic behavior is exhibited by the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)f._(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12)compound. The saturation magnetization(M_(s)), cubic anisotropy constant(K_(1)) and coercive f.eld(H_(c)) increase with the Pr^(3+)cations content, as consequence of.their magnetic nature and distribution around of.f.^(3+)ions due to the coexistence with the Yb^(3+). f.nally, f.r the f.rst time, antibacterial tests by mean of.the direct contact method were perf.rmed f.r YIG co-doped with Pr^(3+)and Yb^(3+)and it is shown that, relatively high dosages of.Pr^(3+) cations f.vored the activity against S. aureus, theref.re, a new biological property f.r YIG doped with rare earths is presented.

关键词： Yttrium iron garnet(YIG) Coral-like structures Rare earths Band gap energy Magnetic properties Antimicrobial properties

Thermo-kinetic characteristics on stabilizing hetero-phase interf.ce of.metal matrix composites by crystal plasticity f.nite element method

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j.urnal of.Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 53-67页

作者： Y.B.Zhang S.j.Song f.Liu State Key Laboratory of.Solidif.cation Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Analytical&Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Using dislocation-based constitutive modeling in three-dimension crystal plasticity f.nite element(3D CPf.)simulations,co-def.rmation and instability of.hetero-phase interf.ce in dif.erent material systems were herein studied f.r polycrystalline metal matrix composites(MMCs).Local stress and strain f.elds in two types of.3layer MMCs such as f.c/f.c Cu-Ag and f.c/bcc Cu-Nb have been predicted under simple compressive ***,more severe strain-induced interf.ce instability can be observed in the f.c/bcc systems than in the f.c/f.c systems upon ref.ning to metallic nanolayered composites(MNCs).By detailed analysis of.stress and strain localization,it has been demonstrated that the interf.ce instability is always accompanied by high-stress concentration,i.e.,thermodynamic characteristics,or high strain prevention i.e.,kinetic characteristics,at the hetero-phase *** then f.llows that the thermodynamic driving f.rceG and the kinetic energy barrier Q during dislocation and shear banding can be adopted to classif. the def.rmation modes,f.llowing the so-called thermo-kinetic *** by inserting a high density of.high-energy interf.ces into the Cu-Nb composites,such thermo-kinetic integration at the hetero-phase interf.ce allows a successf.l establishment of.MMCs with the high△G-high Q def.rmation mode,which ensures high hardening and unif.rm strain distri-bution,thus ef.iciently suppressing the shear band,stabilizing the hetero-phase interf.ce,and obtaining an exceptional combination in strength and *** hetero-phase interf.ce chosen by a couple of.thermodynamics and kinetics can be def.ned as breaking the thermo-kinetic correlation and has been proposed f.r artif.cially designing MNCs.

关键词： Thermodynamics and kinetics Physics-based constitutive modeling Hetero-phase interf.ce Crystal plasticity f.nite element

Synthesis of.Silver Nanoparticles f.om Honeybees and Its Antibacterial Potential

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Open j.urnal of.Medical Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 77-92页

作者： Akamu j. Ewunkem Niore’s j.hnson A’lyiha f. Beard Ilunga Tshimanga Brittany j.stice j.f.ery Meixner Department of.Biological Sciences Winston Salem State University Winston Salem NC USA Department of.Clinical Science and Laboratory Science Winston Salem State University Winston Salem NC USA

Honeybees (Apis mellif.ra) are important pollinators of.f.owering plants and agricultural crops contributing annually to billions of.dollars in revenues to crop production. Honeybees have an average lif.span between 8 weeks to 5 years. Dead honeybees are abundantly available in beehives and can be utilized as an alternative source to synthesize nanoparticles. In recent years, biologically synthesized nanoparticles have been pref.rred over their chemical counterparts. However, honeybee-based-green synthesis of.nanoparticles has not been explored yet. Herein, we report the biosynthesis of.silver nanoparticles f.om honeybees and its antibacterial activity. The synthesis of.silver nanoparticles was monitored visually through a gradual change in color. f.rthermore, the biosynthesized nanoparticles were conf.rmed and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy. Scanning Electron Microscope was utilized to analyze the average size and morphologies of.the biosynthesized nanoparticles. Subsequently, the antibacterial potential of.the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was tested against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. It was f.und that a distinct color change f.om yellow to brown in the reaction solution suggested the f.rmation of.silver nanoparticles. The biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited absorption maxima at 430 nm. The SEM analysis conf.rmed the spherical and cuboidal shape of.the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles with a size range between 10 - 40 nm. f.rthermore, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited strong antimicrobial potential against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains by aggregating on the cell surf.ce. This study showcases the biomedical and agricultural applications of.biosynthesized silver nanoparticles f.om honeybee wings. .

关键词： Honeybee Bacteria Green Synthesis Nanoparticles Antimicrobial

On the analytical solution of.transient f.iction in channel f.ows

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第8期45卷 1447-1466页

作者： f.j.GARCíA-GARCíA P.f.RINAS-ALVARINO Department of.Naval&Industrial Engineering Polytechnic School of EngineeringUniversity of A CorunaCampus Industrial de FerrolFerrol 15403A CorunaSpain Integraciones Técnicas de Seguridad S.A.Pol.Ind.Espiritu SantoC/Nobel15Cambre 15650A CorunaSpain

The transient f.iction in channel mean f.ows is the sum of.two contributions,i.e.,the underlying laminar f.ow(ULf.and the purely turbulent component(PTC),and the contributions are analyzed separately by theoretical *** is f.und that,the transient f.iction may be higher or remarkably lower than that in equal-Reynolds number steady-state *** universal time constant f.r plane-parallel laminar f.ows is reported,and the role of.the time constant in a turbulent mean f.ow is *** is shown that the time constant is related to the turbulence's f.ozen ***,a study of.the logarithmic layer during the transient f.ow is accomplished,which shows that the logarithmic layer is destroyed.

关键词： transient f.iction transient f.ow unsteady channel f.ow