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Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of intracranial gliomas:A review of current practice and considerations for future clinical directions

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journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2015年第1期8卷 40-59页

作者： Carl j.fisher Lothar Lilge Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Princess Margaret Cancer Centre 101 College StRm.15-710 TorontoON M5G 1L7 University Health Network Princess Margaret Cancer Centre 101 College St Rm.15-310TorontoON M5G 1L7

Invasive grade III and IV maliguant gliomas remain difficult to treat with a typical survival time post-diagnosis hovering around 16 months with only minor extension thereof seen in the past decade,whereas some improvements have been obtained towards five-year survival rates for which completeness of resection is a *** techniques such as fluorescence guided resection(FGR)and photodynamic therapy(PDT)are promising adjuvant techniques to in-crease the tumor volume reduction *** has been used in combination with surgical resection or alternatively as standalone treat ment strategy with some sucoess in extending the median survival time of patients compared to surgery alone and the current standard of *** document reviews the outcome of past clinical trials and highlights the general shift in PDT therapeutic *** also looks at the current approaches for interstitial PDT and research options into increasing PDT's glioma treatment fficacy through exploiting both physical and biological based approaches to maximize PDT selectivity and therapeutic index,particularly in brain adjacent to tumor(BAT).Potential reasons for failing to demonstrate a significant survival advantage in prior PDT clinical trials will become evident in light of the improved understanding of glioma biology and PDT dosimetry.

关键词： Oncology brain tumour photodynamic dose therapeutic index photofin aminolu-velinic acid

Associations of self-reported and device-assessed physical activity with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep quality in adults living with and beyond cancer

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第6期12卷 664-673,F0003页

作者： Phillippa Lally Natalie Ella Miller Claire Lawrence Rebecca j Beeken Abigail fisher Department of Behavioural Science and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Psychology University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Leeds Institute of Health Sciences Leeds LS29NLUK

Background Greater physical activity is associated with improved outcomes in people living with and beyond ***,most studies in exercise oncology use self-reported measures of physical *** have explored agreement between self-reported and device-based measures of physical activity in people living with and beyond *** study aimed to describe physical activity in adults affected by cancer across self-reported and device-assessed activity,to explore levels of agreement between these measures in terms of their utility for categorizing participants as meeting/not meeting physical activity guidelines,and to explore whether meeting guidelines is associated with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep *** A total of 1348 adults living with and beyond cancer from the Advancing Survivorship Cancer Outcomes Trial completed a survey assessing fatigue,quality of life,sleep quality,and physical *** Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to calculate a Leisure Score Index(LSI)and an estimate of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).Average daily steps and weekly aerobic steps were derived from pedometers worn by *** The percentage of individuals meeting physical activity guidelines was 44.3%using LSI,49.5%using MVPA,10.8%using average daily steps,and 28.5%using weekly aerobic ***(Cohen'sκ)between self-reported and pedometer measures ranged from 0.13(LSI *** daily steps)to 0.60(LSI ***).After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates,meeting activity guidelines using all measures was associated with not experiencing severe fatigue(odds ratios(ORs):1.43–1.97).Meeting guidelines using MVPA was associated with no quality-of-life issues(OR=1.53).Meeting guidelines using both self-reported measures were associated with good sleep quality(ORs:1.33–1.40).Conclusion Less than half of all adults affected by cancer are meeting physical activity guidelines,

关键词： Cancer survivorship Fatigue Physical activity Quality of life SleepTagedAPTARAEnd

Systems biology approaches for studying the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第41期20卷 15070-15078页

作者： Ciarán P fisher Andrzej M Kierzek Nick j Plant j Bernadette Moore Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive disease of increasing public health concern. In western populations the disease has an estimated prevalence of 20%-40%, rising to 70%-90% in obese and type II diabetic individuals. Simplistically, NAFLD is the macroscopic accumulation of lipid in the liver, and is viewed as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating both the initial development of steatosis and its progression through non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to debilitating and potentially fatal fibrosis and cirrhosis are only partially understood. Despite increased research in this field, the development of non-invasive clinical diagnostic tools and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets has been frustratingly slow. We note that, to date, NAFLD research has been dominated by in vivo experiments in animal models and human clinical studies. Systems biology tools and novel computational simulation techniques allow the study of large-scale metabolic networks and the impact of their dysregulation on health. Here we review current systems biology tools and discuss the benefits to their application to the study of NAFLD. We propose that a systems approach utilising novel in silico modelling and simulation techniques is key to a more comprehensive, better targeted NAFLD research strategy. Such an approach will accelerate the progress of research and vital translation into clinic.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Network Metabolism Systems biology Modelling Regulation Simulation

Multilayer network analysis:new opportunities and challenges for studying animal social systems

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 45-48页

作者： Matthew j.HASENjAGER Matthew SILk David N.fisher Department of Biological Sciences Royal HollowayUniversity of LondonEghamUK Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of ExeterExeterUK School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK

Introduction Many behavioral,ecological,and evolutionary processes are closely intertwined with patterns of social interactions,such as the evolution of cooperation(Croft et al.2006),information and disease transmission(VanderWaal et al.2014;Aplin et al.2015),predator-prey dynamics(Ioannou et al.2012),and dispersal decisions(Blumstein et al.2009).Even in species where individuals are traditionally viewed as leading a relatively solitary existence,interac-tions occur across diverse contexts,including territorial defense,resource competition,and courtship.

关键词： solitary predator network

Estimation of cotton yield with varied irrigation and nitrogen treatments using aerial multispectral imagery

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International journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第2期6卷 37-41页

作者： Yanbo Huang Ruixiu Sui Steven j.Thomson Daniel K.fisher Crop Production Systems Research Unit Agricultural Research ServiceUnited States Department of AgricultureStonevilleMS 38776USA

Cotton yield varies spatially within a *** variability can be caused by various production inputs such as soil properties,water management,and fertilizer *** multispectral imaging is capable of providing data and information to study effects of the inputs on yield qualitatively and quantitatively in a timely and cost-effective fashion.A 10-ha cotton field with irrigation and non-irrigation 2×2 blocks was used in this *** nitrogen application treatments were randomized with two replications within each *** plant canopy was closed,airborne multispectral images of the field were acquired using a 3-CCD MS4100 *** images were processed to generate various vegetation *** vegetation indices were evaluated for the best performance to characterize *** effect of irrigation on vegetation indices was *** for yield estimation were developed and verified by comparing the estimated and actual *** indicated that ratio of vegetation index(RVI)had a close relationship with yield(R^(2)=0.47).Better yield estimation could be obtained using a model with RVI and soil electrical conductivity(EC)measurements of the field as explanatory variables(R^(2)=0.53).This research demonstrates the capability of aerial multispectral remote sensing in estimating cotton yield variation and considering soil properties and nitrogen.

关键词： remote sensing multispectral imagery cotton yield nitrogen irrigation soil properties

Simple weighing lysimeters for measuring evapotranspiration and developing crop coefficients

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International journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2012年第3期5卷 35-43页

作者： Daniel K.fisher Crop Production Systems Research Unit USDA-ARSStonevilleMS38776USA

Knowledge of cotton crop evapotranspiration(ET)is important in scheduling irrigations,optimizing crop production,and modeling ET and crop *** ability to measure,estimate,and predict ET and cotton crop water requirements can result in better satisfying the crop’s water needs and improving water use *** lysimeters have been used for many years to measure and study water use,and to develop crop-coefficient functions necessary in estimating *** weighing lysimeters,consisting of a steel outer tank and inner tank,electronic loadcell assemblies,and a PVC drain system,were designed,constructed,and *** lysimeter cost approximately US$1700(in 2001)in materials,required two people and 40 hours of labor to construct,and were installed by two people using minimal excavation and hand *** ET data for cotton were collected from 2003 to 2006 to quantify cotton water-use and to develop crop coefficient *** water use ranged generally from 2 to 8 mm/*** water-use patterns varied considerably among growing seasons due to variable environmental and crop-growth conditions,making determination of an“average”crop-coefficient function difficult.

关键词： weighing lysimeter evapotranspiration crop coefficient water use efficiency cotton

Reservoir stress path and induced seismic anisotropy： results from linking coupled fluid-flow/geomechanical simulation with seismic modelling

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Petroleum Science 2016年第4期13卷 669-684页

作者： D.A.Angus Q.j.fisher j.M.Segura j.P.Verdon j.-M.Kendall M.Dutko A.j.L.Crook School of Earth and Environment University of LeedsLeeds UK Formerly School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK Department of Earth Sciences University of Bristol BristolUK Rockfield Software Ltd. Swansea UK Three Cliffs Geomechanics Swansea UK Repsol Madrid Spain ESG Solutions Kingston Canada

We present a workflow linking coupled fluid-flow and geomechanical simulation with seismic modelling to predict seismic anisotropy induced by non-hydrostatic stress changes. We generate seismic models from coupled simulations to examine the relationship between reservoir geometry, stress path and seismic anisotropy. The results indicate that geometry influences the evolution of stress,which leads to stress-induced seismic anisotropy. Although stress anisotropy is high for the small reservoir, the effect of stress arching and the ability of the side-burden to support the excess load limit the overall change in effective stress and hence seismic anisotropy. For the extensive reservoir, stress anisotropy and induced seismic anisotropy are high. The extensive and elongate reservoirs experience significant compaction, where the inefficiency of the developed stress arching in the side-burden cannot support the excess *** elongate reservoir displays significant stress asymmetry,with seismic anisotropy developing predominantly along the long-edge of the reservoir. We show that the link betweenstress path parameters and seismic anisotropy is complex,where the anisotropic symmetry is controlled not only by model geometry but also the nonlinear rock physics model used. Nevertheless, a workflow has been developed to model seismic anisotropy induced by non-hydrostatic stress changes, allowing field observations of anisotropy to be linked with geomechanical models.

关键词： Coupled fluid-flow/geomechanics Reservoir characterization Seismic anisotropy Stress path

Echo of distant water

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Echo of distant water

Tunable catalytic activity of gadolinium-doped ceria nanoparticles for pro-oxidation of hydrogen peroxide

作者： j. B. fisher.

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Nano Research 2020年第9期13卷 2384-2392页

作者： Anuja Bhalkikar Tai-Sing Wu Tamra j.fisher Anandakumar Sarella Dawei Zhang Yi Gao Yun-Liang Soo Chin Li Cheung Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Department of Physics "National Tsing Hua University"Hsinchu 30013TaiwanChina Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNEB 68588USA Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China "National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre" Hsinchu 30076TaiwanChina

We report a study of the roles of gadolinium(lll)(Gd3+)dopants in influencing the catalytic activity of gadolinium-doped ceria nanoparticles towards the pro-oxidation of hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl *** doped ceria nanoparticles with dopant concentrations of 0.6 wt.%,3 wt.%,and 6 wt.%Gd^3+were synthesized using an ozone-mediated method for tuning their catalytic *** Gd dopants were found to foster an increase in the percentage of Ce^3+ions in the doped ceria *** reaction kinetic study revealed that the relationship between the overall reaction rates and the Gd dopant concentrations in our doped materials followed a volcano-like *** contrast,the apparent activation energy values of these Gd-doped ceria nanoparticles were found to be positively associated with the concentrations of Gd *** overall catalytic activity trend was attributed to the interplay between the promotion and degradation effects of the Gd dopants on the properties of doped ceria nanoparticles.

关键词： ceria cerium oxide gadolinium pro-oxidation hydrogen peroxide hydroxyl radicals ozone