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Effect of Meteorological Data Assimilation on Regional Air Quality Forecasts over the Korean Peninsula

journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第2期38卷 262-284页

作者： Yunjae ChO hyun Mee KIM Eun-Gyeong YANG Yonghee lee jae-Bum lee Soyoung hA Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Air Quality Forecasting Center National Institute of Environmental ResearchIncheon 22689Republic of Korea National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderCO 80305USA University of Maryland Baltimore County BaltimoreMD 21250USA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMD 20771USA

The Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry(WRF-Chem),a type of online coupled chemistry-meteorology model(CCMM),considers the interaction between air quality and meteorology to improve air quality *** data assimilation(DA)can be used to reduce uncertainty in meteorological field,which is one factor causing prediction uncertainty in the *** this study,WRF-Chem and three-dimensional variational DA were used to examine the impact of meteorological DA on air quality and meteorological forecasts over the Korean *** nesting model domains were configured over East Asia(outer domain)and the Korean Peninsula(inner domain).Three experiments were conducted by using different DA domains to determine the optimal model domain for the meteorological *** the meteorological DA was performed in the outer domain or both the outer and inner domains,the root-mean-square error(RMSE),bias of the predicted particulate matter(PM)concentrations,and the RMSE of predicted meteorological variables against the observations were smaller than those in the experiment where the meteorological DA was performed only in the inner *** indicates that the improvement of the synoptic meteorological fields by DA in the outer domain enhanced the meteorological initial and boundary conditions for the inner domain,subsequently improving air quality and meteorological *** to the experiment without meteorological DA,the RMSE and bias of the meteorological and PM variables were smaller in the experiments with *** effect of meteorological DA on the improvement of PM predictions lasted for approximately 58-66 h,depending on the ***,the uncertainty reduction in the meteorological initial condition by the meteorological DA contributed to a reduction of the forecast errors of both meteorology and air quality.

关键词： meteorological data assimilation regional air quality forecast particulate matter concentration optimal model domain forecast error WRF-Chem

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Rationale and design of Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events III (TRACE III): a randomised, phase III, open- label, controlled trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 82-89页

作者： Yunyun Xiong Bruce C V Campbell Marc Fisher lee h Schwamm Mark Parsons hao Li Yuesong Pan Xia Meng Xingquan Zhao Yongjun Wang Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Medicine and Neurology The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical SchoolLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background and purpose Recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tPA)was not inferior to alteplase for ischaemic stroke within *** study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion(LVO)of anterior circulation beyond *** and design Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events-III(TRACE III)is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blind endpoint,controlled clinical *** who had an ischaemic stroke due to anterior circulation LVO(internal carotid artery,middle cerebral artery M1 and M2 segments)within 4.5–24hours from last known well(including wake-up stroke and no witness stroke)and with salvageable tissue(ischaemic core volumeh ratio≥1.8 and mismatch volume≥15mL)based on CT perfusion or MRI perfusion-weighted imaging(PWI)were included and randomised to rhTNK-tPA 0.25mg/kg(single bolus)to a maximum of 25mg or standard medical ***,we will exclude patients who are intended for direct *** will be followed up for 90 *** outcomes Primary efficacy outcome is modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤1 at 90 *** efficacy outcomes include ordinal distribution of mRS at 90 days,major neurological improvement defined by a decrease≥8 points compared with the initial deficit or a score≤1 on the National Institutes of health Stroke Scale(NIhSS)at 72 hours,mRS score≤2 at 90 days,the rate of improvement on Tmax>6s at 24 hours and NIhSS score change from baseline at *** outcomes are symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage within 36 hours and mortality at 90 *** TRACE III will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic strokes due to anterior circulation LVO beyond *** registration number NCT05141305.

关键词： Therapy random Rational

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Study on Behaviors of Deflagration and Detonation Propagation After Interaction with head-on Disturbances

Study on Behaviors of Deflagration and Detonation Propagatio...

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The 4th Across-strait Workshop on Shock Wave/Vortex Interaction

作者： j.h.S.lee Dept.of Mechanical Engineering McGill University

An investigation was carried out for the behaviors of detonation and deflagration propagation after the interaction of head-on *** kinds of so called"head-on"disturbances were chosen in the work,one is the disturbance generated by a perforated plate located on the way of detonation propagation,suffering from which the detonation will be decayed into a deflagration. The other is the head-on collision of a detonation with an opposite propagating shock wave,after which the combustion field behind the leading shock of the detonation will be enhanced by the incoming shock *** of the disturbances play a similar role,that is,to destroy the condition of self-sustained detonation propagation almost instantaneously,so that the flow field will be forced to undergo an unstable process,which is the main interest of present work.

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Greatly enhanced corrosion/wear resistances of epoxy coating for Mg alloy through a synergistic effect between functionalized graphene and insulated blocking layer

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 332-344页

作者： Z.Y.Xue X.j.Li j.h.Chu M.M.Li D.N.Zou L.B.Tong School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The poor corrosion and wear resistances of Mg alloys seriously limit their potential applications in various *** conventional epoxy coating easily forms many intrinsic defects during the solidification process,which cannot provide sufficient *** the current study,we design a double-layer epoxy composite coating on Mg alloy with enhanced anti-corrosion/wear properties,via the spin-assisted assembly *** outer layer is functionalized graphene(FG)in waterborne epoxy resin(WEP)and the inner layer is Ce-based conversion(Ce)*** FG sheets can be homogeneously dispersed within the epoxy matrix to fill the intrinsic defects and improve the barrier *** Ce film connects the outer layer with the substrate,showing the transition *** corrosion rate of Ce/WEP/FG composite coating is 2131 times lower than that of bare Mg alloy,and the wear rate is decreased by~90%.The improved corrosion resistance is attributed to the labyrinth effect(hindering the penetration of corrosive medium)and the obstruction of galvanic coupling *** synergistic effect derived from the FG sheet and blocking layer exhibits great potential in realizing the improvement of multi-functional integration,which will open up a new avenue for the development of novel composite protection coatings of Mg alloys.

关键词： Mg alloy Functionalized graphene Epoxy coating Corrosion/wear resistance Blocking layer

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Guardian of the rice:Unveiling OsSSP1 for broad-spectrum disease resistance

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 996-998页

作者： You-jin Lim Yong-hwan lee Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics Center for Fungal Genetic ResourcesPlant Immunity Research Centerand Center for Plant Microbiome ResearchSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Plants are continuously exposed to numerous biotic stresses throughout their *** arms race-driven coevolution with pathogens,plants have developed sophisticated immune systems,including pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI).PTI is initiated by the binding of danger signals to extracellular membrane-localized receptors calledpattern recognition receptors(PRRs).PTI triggers responses,including reactive oxygen species(ROS)bursts and the expression of defenseassociated ***,pathogens adapted to PTl secrete virulence proteins,effectors,to aid colonization,and ETl is then triggered by the recognition of these effectors by resistance proteins with a nucleotide-binding domain leucinerich repeat receptor(NLR).To circumvent this immune response,pathogens secrete various effectors into the host intracellular region and induce effector-triggered susceptibility(Zhou and Zhang.,2020).Currently,research on plant immunity has been primarily focused on plasma membrane and cytoplasmlocalized proteins,including oligomeric NLRs,resistosomes,and the secretion mechanisms of cytoplasmic effectors.

关键词： immunity resistance Guard

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An update on hormonal regulation of early embryo-fallopian tube interactions: insights for improvements of assisted reproductive technology outcomes

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生殖与发育医学(英文) 2024年第1期08卷 39-49页

作者： Kodithuwakku Suranga P. Ng Ernest h. Y. Yeung William S. B. lee Kai-Fai Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology LKS Faculty of Medicine 3. The University of hong Kong 4. hong Kong SAR 999077 5. China

human fallopian tubes (FTs) play important roles in the whole reproductive process. FTs are the site for the final maturation of gametes, fertilization, transport of preimplantation embryos, and early embryonic development before entering the uterus. All these functions are critical in the establishment of a successful pregnancy. When the embryo is in transit through the FT, the FT microenvironment changes through endocrine, paracrine, autocrine, and juxtacrine mechanisms which involve various hormones and bioactive substances mainly from the neighboring cells. Therefore, the interactions between the embryo and the FT may be the earliest embryo-maternal communications that are essential for the establishment of pregnancy. This review critically discusses the evidence of various hormonal and bioactive mediated control of the microenvironment in the FTs during the earliest embryo-maternal communications. Moreover, we highlight existing gaps in the knowledge and the importance of exploring more of the physiology of FTs which will hold the key to producing high-quality embryos for patients seekingin vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments.

关键词： Fallopian tube Embryo Maternal-embryo communication hormonal control

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Neuroprotection by resveratrol-glucuronide and quercetin-glucuronide via binding to polyphenol-and glycosaminoglycan-binding sites in the laminin receptor

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 819-820页

作者： Rayudu Gopalakrishna jennifer Aguilar Emily lee William j.Mack Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

The dietary polyphenolic compounds resveratrol and quercetin prevent neurodegenerative diseases in experimental models;however, they reach the brain only in nanomolar concentrations in the glucuronidated and sulfated ... 详细信息

关键词： resveratrol molar dated

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Synchronized off-harmonic probe laser with highly variable pulse duration for laser-plasma interaction experiments

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 99-107页

作者： j.hornung Y.Zobus h.Lorenté C.Brabetz B.Zielbauer V.Bagnoud GSI helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Gmbh DarmstadtGermany Institut d’Optique UniversitéParis-SaclayPalaiseauFrance Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

This paper presents the development and experimental utilization of a synchronized off-harmonic laser system designed as a probe for ultra-intense laser±plasma interaction experiments. The system exhibits a novel seed-generation design,allowing for a variable pulse duration spanning over more than three orders of magnitude, from 3.45 picoseconds to 10 nanoseconds. This makes it suitable for various plasma diagnostics and visualization techniques. In a side-view configuration, the laser was employed for interferometry and streaked shadowgraphy of a laser-induced plasma while successfully suppressing the self-emission background of the laser±plasma interaction, resulting in a signal-to-self-emission ratio of 110 for this setup. These properties enable the probe to yield valuable insights into the plasma dynamics and interactions at the PhELIX facility and to be deployed at various laser facilities due to its easy-to-implement design.

关键词： interferometry laser-plasma interaction off-harmonic probe laser streaked shadowgraphy

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边界条件对甲烷预混气爆轰特性的影响

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爆炸与冲击 2017年第2期37卷 201-207页

作者：赵焕娟 j.h.S.lee 张英华钱新明严屹然北京科技大学教育部金属矿山高效开采与安全重点实验室北京100083 Mechanical Engineering Department McGill University 北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室北京100081

通过实验研究及数字化处理研究了边界条件对Ch4预混气体爆轰特性的影响。在内径为63.5、50.8mm圆柱形管道及长方体管道进行爆轰实验,得到胞格结构和爆轰速度曲线。烟膜数字化处理量化了预混气体的爆轰不稳定性,并计算出胞格尺寸。3种管... 详细信息

通过实验研究及数字化处理研究了边界条件对Ch4预混气体爆轰特性的影响。在内径为63.5、50.8mm圆柱形管道及长方体管道进行爆轰实验,得到胞格结构和爆轰速度曲线。烟膜数字化处理量化了预混气体的爆轰不稳定性,并计算出胞格尺寸。3种管道内测得的平均爆轰速度与Cj速度接近,边界条件的影响不明显。分析爆轰速度曲线发现,极限压力受到边界条件的影响,50.8和63.5mm管道内预混气的极限压力分别为5和4.05kPa,即随着管径增大,爆轰极限压力降低。数字化处理所得不同管道内烟膜轨迹的不规则程度无明显差别,因此可以认为不稳定性是预混气固有的性质。在相同爆轰初始压力下,管径增大,胞格数量变多,表明爆轰传播时爆轰螺旋头数增多以维持传播。

关键词：爆轰实验甲烷预混气边界条件爆轰极限数字化处理胞格尺寸

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氩气对乙炔预混气爆轰不稳定性的影响及量化分析

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爆炸与冲击 2017年第4期37卷 577-584页

作者：赵焕娟 j.h.S.lee 张英华钱新明严屹然北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院北京100083 Mechanical Engineering Department McGill University 北京理工大学机电学院北京100081

为定量研究氩气对预混气爆轰不稳定性的影响,在管径为50.8、63.5mm的管道内对未稀释及氩气稀释(氩气的体积分数为50%、70%、85%)的C_2h_2-O_2预混气进行了实验研究和量化分析,通过烟膜轨迹获得了不同初始压力下各种预混气的爆轰结构。... 详细信息

为定量研究氩气对预混气爆轰不稳定性的影响,在管径为50.8、63.5mm的管道内对未稀释及氩气稀释(氩气的体积分数为50%、70%、85%)的C_2h_2-O_2预混气进行了实验研究和量化分析,通过烟膜轨迹获得了不同初始压力下各种预混气的爆轰结构。对烟膜图像进行数字化处理,得到了氩气稀释下C_2h_2-O_2预混气爆轰轨迹的不规则度表征:轨迹间距的柱状图、标准差曲线、自相关函数。结果表明:随着氩气体积分数的升高,三波点轨迹愈加规则,不稳定性在爆轰自持传播过程中逐渐失去主导作用。稀释后预混气爆轰轨迹间距的柱状图和自相关函数的峰值和分布离散情况基本一致,与标准差分布一致。C_2h_2-O_2-85%Ar、C_2h_2-O_2-70%Ar、C_2h_2-O_2预混气的柱状图主胞格尺寸占比分别为33%、23%、20%,标准差分别为2.66~6.60mm、5.37~10.96mm、27.63~36.67mm,自相关函数的第1个最高峰值分别高于其他峰值1/3倍、1/6倍、1/7倍。通过分析标准差数据,拟合得到氩气的体积分数与不稳定度的多项式函数,为选取不稳定度和氩气稀释浓度提供了依据。

关键词：爆轰实验定量不规则度氩气稀释胞格结构数字化处理

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