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Problem Solving Solutions in Thermal Spray:HSE and Overspray

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有色金属（冶炼部分） 2008年第S1期 139-145页

作者： Hans Keller joachim Beczkowiak Stefan Zimmermann Benno Gries jürgen fischer H.C.Starck GmbH LaufenburgDeutschland H.C.Starck GmbH GoslarDeutschland

目前金属基材料的原材料成本对热喷涂涂层的经济性造成压力。特别是材料挥发和近期铼、钨、钴和镍基材料的价格增长,对各应用领域的许多涂层的经济性造成严重威胁。由于沉积效率的限制,喷涂中未沉积物问题变得越来越重要,不仅只是减少浪... 详细信息

目前金属基材料的原材料成本对热喷涂涂层的经济性造成压力。特别是材料挥发和近期铼、钨、钴和镍基材料的价格增长,对各应用领域的许多涂层的经济性造成严重威胁。由于沉积效率的限制,喷涂中未沉积物问题变得越来越重要,不仅只是减少浪费,还可以从材料自身价值角度去看。回收是解决这个问题的一个措施,特别是当废料中含有高价值金属时。欧洲执行的REACH(化学制品的注册、评估、授权)将会逐步强制淘汰标有有毒的材料和物质的使用。在热喷涂中使用这些有毒物质或使用热喷涂产品可能暂时是安全的,然而,从法律限制和从其他工业领域得到的指示表明,像WC-Co粉末这样的化学制品对人体有害。要想在将来的涂层工厂中保持竞争性,必须符合不断提高的更严格的环保和安全规程。

关键词：热喷涂粉末 WC-Co 健康和环保毒物学回收喷涂中未沉积物

Linkage Between European and East Asian Heatwaves on Synoptic Scales

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journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第2期30卷 97-105页

作者：蔡奋颖刘彩红杨崧邓开强 KURTHS jürgen School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)ZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China Department of Complexity Science Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research(PIK)Member of the Leibniz AssociationPotsdam 14473 Germany Department of Water and Climate Risk Institute for Environmental StudiesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam 1087HV Netherlands Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China Department of Physics Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlin 12489 Germany

Concurrent extreme weather events in geographically distant areas potentially cause high-end risks for *** using network analysis,the present study managed to identify significant nearly-simultaneous occurrences of heatwaves between the grid cells in East Asia and Eastern Europe,even though they are geographically far away from each *** further composite analysis,this study revealed that hot events first occurred in Eastern Europe,typically with a time lag of3-4 days before the East Asian heatwave *** eastward propagating atmospheric wave train,known as the circumglobal teleconnection(CGT)pattern,bridged the sequent occurrences of extreme events in these two remote *** blockings,amplified by surface warming over Eastern Europe,not only enhanced local heat extremes but also excited a CGT-like pattern characterized by alternative anomalies of high and low *** downstream anticyclones in the middle and upper troposphere reduced local cloud cover and increased downward solar radiation,thereby facilitating the formation of heatwaves over East *** half of East Asian heatwave events were preceded by Eastern European heatwave events in the 10-day time range before East Asian heatwave *** investigation of heatwave teleconnection in the two distant regions exhibits strong potential to improve the prediction accuracy of East Asian heatwaves.

关键词： concurrent heatwaves Eastern Europe East Asia circum-global teleconnection pattern

Effects of the urban landscape on heatwave-mortality associations in Hong Kong: comparison of different heatwave definitions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 145-156页

作者： jinglu Song Yi Lu Thomas fischer Kejia Hu Department of Urban Planning and Design Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Environmental Assessment and Management Research Centre School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L35TRUK Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom 31750South Africa Institute of Big Data in Health Science School of Public HealthZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China

Despite increased attention given to potential modifiers of temperature-mortality associations, evidence for variations between different urban landscape characteristics remains limited. It is in this context that in this paper effect modifications of multiple urban landscape characteristics are explored under different heatwave definitions for different age groups and gender in Hong Kong, China. Daily meteorological data and heatwave-related mortality counts from 2008 to 2017 were collected from the Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department, China. A case-only design was adopted, combined with logistic regression models to examine the modification effects of five urban landscape characteristics under six heatwave definitions. Stratified analyses were conducted to investigate age- and gender-specific effect modifications. It is found that individuals living in greener areas experienced lower levels of mortality during or immediately after heatwaves. In contrast, a higher building density and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) were associated with a higher heatwave-related mortality risk. Pronounced effect modifications of these urban landscape characteristics were observed under hotter and longer heatwaves, and in older adults (age ≥ 65 years) and males. The findings provide a scientific basis for policymakers and practitioners when considering measures for coping with hotter, longer, and more frequent heatwaves in the context of global climate change.

关键词： Urban landscape Heatwave Mortality Effect modification Intra-urban differences Health risk reduction

Inhibition of tubulin detyrosination:a novel strategy to promote central nervous system regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2557-2558页

作者： Charlotte Zeitler Marco Leibinger Dietmar fischer Center of Pharmacology Institute for PharmacologyMedical Faculty and University of CologneCologneGermany

The adult mammalian central nervous system(CNS) coordinates essential functions such as sensation,movement,autonomic control,thought processes,and ***,injuries or diseases of the CNS are often associated with devastating and permanent functional impairments because damaged axons normally fail to *** insufficient neuron-intrinsic growth capacity and an inhibitory environment at the injury site are the leading causes of this regenerative failure.

关键词： injuries sensation diseases

Interrelationships between Length of the Day, Moon Distance, Phanerozoic Geodynamic Cycles, Tidal Dissipation and Earth’s Core: Review and Analysis

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International journal of Geosciences 2024年第5期15卷 396-415页

作者： Heinz-jürgen Brink Independent Researcher Hannover Germany

The rotation of the Earth and the related length of the day (LOD) are predominantly affected by tidal dissipation through the Moon and the growth of the Earth’s core. Due to the increased concentration of mass around the rotation axis of the spinning Earth during the growth of the core the rotation should have been accelerated. Controversially the tidal dissipation by the Moon, which is mainly dependent on the availability of open shallow seas and the kind of Moon escape from a nearby position, acts towards a deceleration of the rotating Earth. Measurements of LOD for Phanerozoic and Precambrian times open ways to solve questions concerning the geodynamical history of the Earth. These measurements encompass investigations of growth patterns in fossils and depositional patterns in sediments (Cyclostratigraphy, Tidalites, Stromatolites, Rhythmites). These patterns contain information on the LOD and on the changing distance between Earth and Moon and can be used as well for a discussion about the growth of the Earth’s core. By updating an older paper with its simple approach as well as incorporating newly published results provided by the geoscientific community, a moderate to fast growth of the core in a hot early Earth will be favored controversially to the assumption of a delayed development of the core in an originally cold Earth. Core development with acceleration of Earth’s rotation and the contemporaneous slowing down due to tidal dissipation during the filling of the ocean may significantly interrelate.

关键词： Length of the Day Moon Distance Phanerozoic Geodynamic Cycles Tidal Dissipation Earth’s Core

Estimating wood quality attributes from dense airborne LiDAR point clouds

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 226-235页

作者： Nicolas Cattaneo Stefano Puliti Carolin fischer Rasmus Astrup Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research(NIBIO) Division of Forest and Forest ResourcesHøgskoleveien 81433ÅsNorway

Mapping individual tree quality parameters from high-density LiDAR point clouds is an important step towards improved forest *** present a novel machine learning-based workflow that uses individual tree point clouds from drone laser scanning to predict wood quality indicators in standing *** object reconstruction methods,our approach is based on simple metrics computed on vertical slices that summarize information on point distances,angles,and geometric attributes of the space between and around the *** models use these slice metrics as predictors and achieve high accuracy for predicting the diameter of the largest branch per log (DLBs) and stem diameter at different heights (DS) from survey-grade drone laser *** show that our models are also robust and accurate when tested on suboptimal versions of the data generated by reductions in the number of points or emulations of suboptimal single-tree segmentation *** approach provides a simple,clear,and scalable solution that can be adapted to different situations both for research and more operational mapping.

关键词： UAV laser scanning Wood quality Machine learning Point cloud metrics

Dieback of managed spruce stands in western Germany promotes beetle diversity

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journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 55-71页

作者： Eva Plath Chantal Trauth jan Gerhards Laura Griebel Klaus fischer Department Biology Institute of Integrated Natural SciencesKoblenz-Landau University56070 KoblenzGermany

Biodiversity loss is a significant problem at a global scale and may be amplified by climate *** recent years,coniferous forests have had substantial die-back across Europe due to drought and subsequent bark-beetle *** many studies on the consequences of disturbance and subsequent management have focused on natural stands,management implications for managed spruce stands are not well understood,even though such stands are widespread throughout *** this study,beetle taxonomy,conservation value,and community com-position are compared among spruce plantations and four post-disturbance management approaches:standing dead-wood,lying deadwood,clear cuts,and long-term *** and community composition differed significantly among management categories,while different beetle fami-lies responded *** spruce stands harbored the lowest beetle diversity while the highest taxonomic diver-sity and conservation value was on clear cuts and stands with lying or standing *** proportion of forest specialists was highest in successional *** summary,different forest management categories harbored distinct beetle communities at the family-,species-,and ecological guild ***,post-disturbance management should consider the landscape scale and include different management *** enhances landscape heterogeneity and thus overall biodiversity but could also mitigate negative impacts of natural disturbances on ecosystem services.

关键词： Bark-beetle outbreak Forest dieback Spruce Deadwood Nature conservation Beetle biodiversity-Coleoptera Coniferous forests

Recent advancements in thermal conductivity of magnesium alloys

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1687-1708页

作者： Hao Lv jun Tan Qian Yuan Fanglei Wang Yunxuan Zhou Quan Dong Aitao Tang jürgen Eckert Bin jiang Fusheng Pan National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Materials Science Chair of Materials PhysicsMontanuniversität LeobenJahnstraße 12Leoben A-8700Austria Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science Austrian Academy of SciencesJahnstraße 12Leoben A-8700Austria

As highly integrated circuits continue to advance,accompanied by a growing demand for energy efficiency and weight reduction,materials are confronted with mounting challenges pertaining to thermal conductivity and lightweight *** virtue of numerous intrinsic mechanisms,as a result,the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the Mg alloys are often inversely related,which becomes a bottleneck limiting the application of Mg *** on several effective modification methods to improve the thermal conductivity of Mg alloys,this paper describes the law of how they affect the mechanical properties,and clearly indicates that peak aging treatment is one of the best ways to simultaneously enhance an alloy's thermal conductivity and mechanical *** the most frequently used Mg alloy,cast alloys exhibit substantial potential for achieving high thermal ***,recent reports indicate that hot deformation can significantly improve the mechanical properties while maintaining,and potentially slightly enhancing,the alloy's thermal *** presents a meaningful way to develop Mg alloys for applications in the field of small-volume heat dissipation components that require high *** comprehensive review begins by outlining standard testing and prediction methods,followed by the theoretical models used to predict thermal conductivity,and then explores the primary influencing factors affecting thermal *** review summarizes the current development status of Mg alloys,focusing on the quest for alloys that offer both high thermal conductivity and high *** concludes by providing insights into forthcoming prospects and challenges within this field.

关键词： Mg alloy Thermal conductivity Mechanical properties Solute atom Second phase

Mechanism of cross-level settlements and void accumulation of wide and conventional sleepers in railway ballast

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第3期32卷 361-383页

作者： Olga Nabochenko Mykola Sysyn Norman Krumnow Szabolcs fischer Institute of Railway Systems and Public Transport Technical University of DresdenDresdenGermany Rhomberg Sersa Deutschland GmbH BerlinGermany Central Campus Győr Széchenyi István UniversityGyorHungary

The cross-level and twist irregularities are the most dangerous irregularity types that could cause wheel unloading with the risk of derailments and additional maintenance ***,the mechanism of the irregularities initiation and development is *** motivation of the present study was the previous experimental studies on the application of wide sleepers in the ballasted *** long-term track geometry measurements with wide sleepers show an enormous reduction of the vertical longitudinal irregularities compared to the conventional ***,wide sleepers had higher twist and cross-section level *** present paper aims to explain the phenomenon by discrete element method(DEM)modeling the development process of sleeper inhomogeneous support at cross-level depending on the sleeper *** DEM simulations show that the maximal settlement intensity is up to 3.5 times lower for a wide sleeper in comparison with the conventional ***,the cross-level differential settlements are almost the same for both *** particle loading distribution after all loading cycles is concentrated on the smaller area,up to the half sleeper length,with fully unloaded zones under sleeper *** flow limitation under the central part of the sleeper could improve the resilience of wide sleepers to the development of cross-level *** mechanism of initiation of the cross-level irregularity is proposed,which assumes the loss of sleeper support under sleeper *** further growth of inhomogeneous settlements along the sleeper is assumed as a result of the interaction of two processes:ballast flow due to dynamic impact during void closing and on the other side high pressure due to the concentration of the pressure under the middle part of the *** DEM simulation results support the assumption of the mechanism and agree with the experimental studies.

关键词： Wide sleeper Ballasted track Sleeper support inhomogeneity Sleeper foot form Discrete element modeling Void accumulation