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Hard life for sons in the nest?Sex-dependent offspring mortality in Great Tits in urban and forest areas

Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 91-97页

作者： Nora Agh Henriett Anna Dalvári Krisztián Szabó Ivett Pipoly András Liker HUN-REN-PE Evolutionary Ecology Research Group University of PannoniaH-8200VeszpremPf.1158.Hungary Behavioral Ecology Research Group Center for Natural SciencesUniversity of PannoniaH-8200Pf.1158.VeszpremHungary Molecular Ecology Research Group Department of EcologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine BudapestH-1400Pf.2.BudapestHungary Synlab Hungary Ltd. H-1211Weiss Manfr´ed Str.5-7BudapestHungary

Sex-biased mortality can occur in birds during development,for example due to sexual differences in energy requirement and/or environmental sensitivity,or the effects of sex hormones or sex differences in the expression of mutations linked to sex *** extent of sex-bias in mortality may also be related to environmental conditions that influence offspring development and *** areas often provide poorer conditions for nestling development resulting in higher offspring mortality compared to natural areas,which may accelerate sex differences in offspring mortality in *** test this hypothesis,we examined the sex ratio of dead offspring in Great Tits(Parus major),using 427 samples of unhatched eggs and dead nestlings collected in two urban and two forest sites between 2013 and *** ratio of males in the whole sample of dead offspring(56.9%)was significantly higher than expected by an 1:1 ratio,and the strongest sex biases were detected in urban areas(57.6%males)and in young nestlings(ring did not differ significantly among study sites and between offspring developmental stages.29.3%of unhatched eggs contained a visible embryo,and the proportion of embryo-containing unhatched eggs did not differ significantly between urban and forest study *** results suggest male-biased offspring mortality in Great Tits,and highlight the need of large datasets to detect subtle differences between habitats and developmental stages.

关键词： Great Tit Urbanization Nestling mortality Sex related differences

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Experimental observation of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quantum phase transition

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 34-39页

作者： Wen Ning ri-Hua Zheng jia-Hao Lu Fan Wu Zhen-Biao Yang Shi-Biao Zheng Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics College of Physics and Information EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

Spontaneous symmetry breaking(SSB)plays a central role in understanding a large variety of phenomena associated with phase transitions,such as superfluid and *** far,the transition from a symmetric vacuum to a macroscopically ordered phase has been substantially *** process bridging these two distinct phases is critical to understanding how a classical world emerges from a quantum phase transition,but so far remains unexplored in *** here report an experimental demonstration of such a process with a quantum Rabi model engineered with a superconducting *** move the system from the normal phase to the superradiant phase featuring two symmetry-breaking field components,one of which is observed to emerge as the classical *** results demonstrate that the environment-induced decoherence plays a critical role in the SSB.

关键词： quantum phase transition Rabi model spontaneous symmetry breaking superconducting circuit Schrodinger cat states

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Isorhamnetin Downregulates MMP2 and MMP9 to Inhibit Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis through SRC/ERK/CREB Pathway

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Chinese journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 299-310页

作者： LIU Xiao-rong LI Shuo-fu MEI Wen-ya LIU Xiang-dan ZHOU ri-bao College of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha(410208)China Department of Orthopaedics The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha(410007)China

Objective To investigate the effect of isorhamnetin on the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS)was exposed to additional isorhamnetin(10,20 and 40µmol/L).Overexpression vectors for matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP2)or MMP9 or SRC were transfected to explore their roles in isorhamnetin-mediated RA-FLS ***-FLS viability,migration,and invasion were ***,a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model was *** were randomly divided to sham,CIA,low-,medium-,and high-dosage groups using a random number table(n=5 in each group)and administed with normal saline or additional isorhamnetin[2,10,and 20 mg/(kg·day)]for 4 weeks,*** index was calculated and synovial tissue inflammation was determined in CIA *** levels of MMP2,MMP9,TNF-α,interleukin-6(IL-6),and IL-1β,as well as the phosphorylation levels of SRC,extracellular regulated kinase(ERK),and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding(CREB),were detected in RA-FLS and synovial *** docking was also used to analyze the binding of isorhamnetin to *** In in vitro studies,isorhamnetin inhibited RA-FLS viability,migration and invasion(Pritis index scores(P<0.05)and alleviated synovial *** reduced the levels of MMP2,MMP9,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β,as well as the phosphorylation of SRC,ERK,and CRE

关键词： rheumatoid arthritis isorhamnetin SRC/ERK/CREB matrix metalloproteinase

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Selective and asymmetric ion transport in covalent organic framework-based two-dimensional nanofluidic devices

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International journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2024年第1期15卷 186-197页

作者： Li-Qiu Huang Shuang Chen ri-jian Mo Zhong-Qiu Li Xing-Hua Xia State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingChina

Two-dimensional(2D)covalent organic framework(COF)mem-branes featuring well-aligned and programmable vertical nano-channels have emerged as a promising candidate for advanced nanofluidic devices and showcased vast potential in the fields of smart-gating,ion-separation,and ***,the transverse interlayer nanochannels with a height of sub-nanometer-scale in 2D-COF membranes have scarcely been studied in ***,we report the ion transport characteristics in 2D interlayer nanochannels of protonated CoF *** dis-tinct surface-charge-governed ionic conductance in domination of electrolyte concentration below 1o-3 M as well as the exceptional anion/cation(Cl^(-)/K^(+))selectivity is revealed due to the pronounced charge and nano-confinement ***,evident ion current rectification is witnessed when incorporating asymmetric geometry into the system,which is attributed to the dynamic process of ion enrichment and dissipation within the protonated *** work offers immense prospects for 2D-COF membranes in the fields of biomimetic nanofluidic devices and cutting-edge electronic devices.

关键词： Two-dimensional covalent organic framework interlayernanochannels ion transport characteristics nanofluidic device

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One-pot and One-step Cu(0)-mediated Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization of N-Isopropylacrylamide(NIPAM) in Water

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Chinese journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 1-6,I0004页

作者： Zi-Shan Li jing Lyu Bei Qiu Ying-Hao Li Ruth Foley ri-jian Song Melissa johnson Qiang Geng Wen-Xin Wang Institute of Precision Medicine(AUST-IPM) Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China Charles Institute of Dermatology School of MedicineUniversity College DublinDublin D04 V1W8Ireland

Copper(0)-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization(Cu(0)-mediated RDRP) of the water-soluble monomer Nisopropylacrylamide(NIPAM) has been challenging with the problems of high dispersity, poor control over the molecular weights(MWs) or complex or multi reaction steps, etc. In this work, we report the well-controlled polymerization of NIPAM in water via a facile one-pot and one-step Cu(0)-mediated RDRP. The results of this approach show that the key for kicking off the Cu(0)-mediated NIPAM RDRPs is to ensure sufficient Cu~I at the very beginning, and the key to achieve a well-controlled chain growth is to provide adequate deactivation strength during the polymerization process. For NIPAM, which has a high propagation rate constant, the deactivation control can be effectively enhanced by extra adding deactivator(i.e., Cu~II) to the system. Moreover, a low reaction temperature(4 ℃) is necessary in the controlled synthesis of higher MW poly(Nisopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM) to avoid the compromise in control caused by the phase transition from its lower critical solution temperature(LCST). Through this new kinetically controlled strategy, PNIPAMs with well-defined structure, narrow molecular weight distributions(MWDs) and varied MWs were successfully achieved.

关键词： Cu(0)-mediated RDRP N-isopropylacrylamide Propagation Deactivation Reaction parameters

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Pre-operative enhanced magnetic resonance imaging combined with clinical features predict early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after radical resection

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1192-1203页

作者： jian-Ping Chen ri-Hui Yang Tian-Hui Zhang Li-An Liao Yu-Ting Guan Hai-Yang Dai Department of Intervention Meizhou People’s HospitalMeizhou 514031Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Medical Imaging Meizhou People’s HospitalMeizhou 514031Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Medical Imaging Huizhou Municipal Central HospitalHuizhou 516001Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Indentifying predictive factors for postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has great significance for patient *** To explore the value of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid(Gd-EOB-DTPA)enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(Mri)combined with clinical features in predicting early recurrence of HCC after *** A total of 161 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC were *** patients were divided into early recurrence and non-early recurrence group based on the follow-up *** clinical,laboratory,pathological results and Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced Mri imaging features were *** Of 161 patients,73 had early recurrence and 88 were had non-early *** analysis showed that patient age,gender,serum alpha-fetoprotein level,the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage,China liver cancer(CNLC)stage,microvascular invasion(MVI),pathological satellite focus,tumor size,tumor number,tumor boundary,tumor capsule,intratumoral necrosis,portal vein tumor thrombus,large vessel invasion,nonperipheral washout,peritumoral enhancement,hepatobiliary phase(HBP)/tumor signal intensity(SI)/peritumoral SI,HBP peritumoral low signal and peritumoral delay enhancement were significantly associated with early recurrence of HCC after *** logistic regression analysis showed that patient age,MVI,CNLC stage,tumor boundary and large vessel invasion were independent predictive *** data validation indicated that the area under the curve of the combined predictors was 0.861,suggesting that multivariate logistic regression was a reasonable predictive model for early recurrence of *** Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced Mri combined with clinical features would help predicting the early recurrence of HCC after operation.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging Microvascular invasion Hepatobiliary phase Recurrence

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Four decades of full-scale nitrous oxide emission inventory in China

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 137-149页

作者： Minqi Liang Zheyan Zhou Peiyang Ren Han Xiao Xu-ri Zhongmin Hu Shilong Piao Hanqin Tian Qing Tong Feng Zhou jing Wei Wenping Yuan School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Data Center of Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystems Carbon Cycle Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province Hainan University Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston College Institute of Energy Environment and Economy Tsinghua University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)

China is among the top nitrous oxide（N2O）-emitting countries, but existing national inventories do not provide full-scale emissions including both natural and anthropogenic sources. We conducted a four-decade（1980–2020） of comprehensive quantification of Chinese N2O inventory using empirical emission factor method for anthropogenic sources and two up-to-date process-based models for natural sources. Total N2O emissions peaked at 2287.4（1774.8–2799.9） Gg N2O yr-1in 2018, and agriculture-developed regions, like the East, Northeast, and Central, were the top N2O-emitting regions. Agricultural N2O emissions have started to decrease after 2016 due to the decline of nitrogen fertilization applications, while, industrial and energetic sources have been dramatically increasing after 2005. N2O emissions from agriculture, industry,energy, and waste represented 49.3%, 26.4%, 17.5%, and 6.7% of the anthropogenic emissions in 2020,respectively, which revealed that it is imperative to prioritize N2O emission mitigation in agriculture,industry, and energy. Natural N2O sources, dominated by forests, have been steadily growing from 317.3（290.3–344.1） Gg N2O yr-1in 1980 to 376.2（335.5–407.2） Gg N2O yr-1in 2020. Our study produces a Full-scale Annual N2O dataset in China（FAN2020）, providing emergent counting to refine the current national N2O inventories.

关键词： nitrous oxide four decades anthropogenic sources natural sources

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A Study on the Problems and Solution Paths in the Conduct of Elderly Competency Assessment

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journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第7期8卷 184-190页

作者： jia Di Bu ri Ha Department of General Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116000China

Exploring the problems existing in the process of carrying out an elderly competency assessment aims to provide useful references for its *** from the importance of elderly competency assessment in the field of elderly services,this paper analyses the problems in the process of carrying out elderly competency assessment and explores the corresponding *** analysis finds that problems in the process of carrying out elderly competency assessment are inevitable,but as long as the study continues to explore and innovate and actively seek solution paths,the study will be able to overcome these difficulties and provide the elderly with better and more efficient elderly services.

关键词： Elderly Competence assessment Problems Solution paths

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新民族学博物馆,布达佩斯,匈牙利

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世界建筑 2024年第5期 70-75页

作者：无 Marcel Ferencz Molnár józsef(摄影) 王单单(译) NAPUR建筑设计事务所不详

新民族学博物馆位于布达佩斯市中心的城市公园内,其使命是向匈牙利文化的千年传统致敬,并加强在空间层面上不断发展的民族认同。这种使命具有原创性、不可复制性和不可复原性,通过探索其空间性向来自世界各地的人们传递信息。这座建筑... 详细信息

新民族学博物馆位于布达佩斯市中心的城市公园内,其使命是向匈牙利文化的千年传统致敬,并加强在空间层面上不断发展的民族认同。这种使命具有原创性、不可复制性和不可复原性,通过探索其空间性向来自世界各地的人们传递信息。这座建筑的设计动感而简洁,既与公园的自然环境相协调,又与周围的城市肌理相联系。柔和的曲线使建筑成为连接城市和公园的门户与通道。该建筑有近60%的面积位于地面以下。按照现代博物馆的科学建议,世界级的展览空间不应受自然光照的影响。此外,因景观屋顶和地面部分的透明度,新博物馆在规模上也与周围环境相适应。

关键词：现代博物馆不可复制性周围环境自然光照复原性展览空间城市肌理城市公园

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Integer multiple quantum image scaling based on NEQR and bicubic interpolation

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 259-273页

作者：蔡硕周日贵罗佳陈思哲 College of Information Engineering Shanghai Maritime UniversityShanghai 201306China Research Center of Intelligent Information Processing and Quantum Intelligent Computing Shanghai 201306China College of Merchant Marine Shanghai Maritime UniversityShanghai 201306China School of Mathematics and Computational Science Shangrao Normal UniversityShangrao 334001China

As a branch of quantum image processing,quantum image scaling has been widely ***,most of the existing quantum image scaling algorithms are based on nearest-neighbor interpolation and bilinear interpolation,the quantum version of bicubic interpolation has not yet been *** this work,we present the first quantum image scaling scheme for bicubic interpolation based on the novel enhanced quantum representation(NEQR).Our scheme can realize synchronous enlargement and reduction of the image with the size of 2^(n)×2^(n) by integral ***,the image is represented by NEQR and the original image coordinates are obtained through multiple CNOT ***,16 neighborhood pixels are obtained by quantum operation circuits,and the corresponding weights of these pixels are calculated by quantum arithmetic ***,a quantum matrix operation,instead of a classical convolution operation,is used to realize the sum of convolution of these *** simulation experiments and complexity analysis,we demonstrate that our scheme achieves exponential speedup over the classical bicubic interpolation algorithm,and has better effect than the quantum version of bilinear interpolation.

关键词： quantum image processing image scaling bicubic interpolation quantum circuit

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