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Strategies of selective electroreduction of aqueous nitrate to n_(2) in chloride-free system:A critical review

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第2期9卷 198-216页

作者： Fukuan li Weizhe Zhang Peng Zhang Ao Gong Kexun li College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin300350China MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution ControlTianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media PollutionNankai UniversityTianjin300350China

Electroreduction of nitrate has been gaining wide attention in recent years owing to it's beneficial for converting nitrate into benign n_(2) from the perspective of electrocatalytic denitrification or into value-added ammonia from the perspective of electrocatalytic nH_(3) *** reason of the undesired formation of ammonia is dominant during electroreduction of nitrate-containing wastewater,chloride has been widely used to improve n_(2) ***,selective electroreduction of nitrate to n2 gas in chloride-containing system poses several *** this review,we focus on the key strategies for efficiently enhancing n_(2) selectivity of electroreduction of nitrate in chloride-free system,including optimal selection of elements,combining an active metal catalyst with another metal,manipulating the crystalline morphology and facet orientation,constructing core–shell structure catalysts,*** summarizing the strategies,four possible reaction pathways of electro-reduction of nitrate to n_(2) are ***,this review attempts to provide practical strategies for enhancing n2 selectivity without the aid of electrochlorination and highlight directions for future research for designing appropriate electrocatalyst for final electrocatalytic denitrifi-cation.

关键词： nitrate Chloride Electroreduction Selectivity nitrogen

Engineering oxygen vacancies on Tb-doped ceria supported Pt catalyst for hydrogen production through steam reforming of long-chain hydrocarbon fuels

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 181-192页

作者： Zhourong Xiao Changxuan Zhang Peng li Desong Wang Xiangwen Zhang li Wang Jijun Zou Guozhu li State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology(MMST) Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied ChemistryCollege of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Steam reforming of long-chain hydrocarbon fuels for hydrogen production has received great attention for thermal management of the hypersonic vehicle and fuel-cell *** this work,Pt catalysts supported on CeO_(2)and Tb-doped CeO_(2)were prepared by a precipitation *** physical structure and chemical properties of the as-prepared catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,Raman spectroscopy,H_(2)temperature programmed reduction,and X-ray photoelectron *** results show that Tb-doped CeO_(2)supported Pt possesses abundant surface oxygen vacancies,good inhibition of ceria sintering,and strong metal-support interaction compared with CeO_(2)supported *** catalytic performance of hydrogen production via steam reforming of long-chain hydrocarbon fuels(n-dodecane)was *** with 2Pt/CeO_(2),2Pt/Ce_(0.9)Tb_(0.1)O_(2),and 2Pt/Ce_(0.5)Tb_(0.5)O_(2),the 2Pt/Ce_(0.7)Tb_(0.3)O_(2)has higher activity and stability for hydrogen production,on which the conversion of n-dodecane was maintained at about 53.2%after 600 min reaction under 700℃at liquid space velocity of 9 ml·g^(-1)·h^(-1).2Pt/CeO_(2)rapidly deactivated,the conversion of n-dodecane was reduced to only 41.6%after 600 min.

关键词： Steam reforming n-Dodecane Hydrogen production Pt-based catalyst Oxygen vacancy CeO_(2)

Embeddings Among Quantum Affine sl_(n)

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第3期40卷 792-805页

作者： Yi Qiang li Department of Mathematics University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260USA

We establish an explicit embedding of a quantum affine sl_(n) into a quantum affine sl_(n)+*** embedding serves as a common generalization of two natural,but seemingly unrelated,embed-dings,one on the quantum affine Schur algebra level and the other on the non-quantum *** embedding on the quantum affine Schur algebras is used extensively in the analysis of canonical bases of quantum affine sln and gl_(n).The embedding on the non-quantum level is used crucially in a work of Riche and Williamson on the study of modular representation theory of general linear groups over a finite *** same embedding is also used in a work of Maksimau on the categorical representations of affine general linear *** further provide a more natural compatibility statement of the em-bedding on the idempotent version with that on the quantum affine Schur algebra level.A gl_(n)-variant of the embedding is also established.

关键词： Quantum affine sl_(n) embeddings

Initial Experience of nIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Surgery in Foot and Ankle Surgery

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Engineering 2024年第9期40卷 19-27页

作者： Xiaoxiao Fan Jie Yang Huwei ni Qiming Xia Xiaolong liu Tianxiang Wu lin li Paras n.Prasad Chao liu Hui lin Jun Qian Department of General Surgery Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research&International Research Center for Advanced Photonics College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Orthopedics Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China Institute for Lasers Photonicsand BiophotonicsDepartment of ChemistryState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260-3000USA Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Cognitive Healthcare Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Optical imaging in the second near-infrared(nIR-II;900-1880 nm)window is currently a popular research topic in the field of biomedical *** study aimed to explore the application value of nIR-II fluorescence imaging in foot and ankle surgeries.A lab-established nIR-II fluorescence surgical navigation system was developed and used to navigate foot and ankle surgeries which enabled obtaining more high-spatial-frequency information and a higher signal-to-background ratio(SBR)in nIR-II fluorescence images compared to nIR-I fluorescence images;our result demonstrates that nIR-II imaging could provide higher-contrast and larger-depth images to *** types of clinical application scenarios(diabetic foot,calcaneal fracture,and lower extremity trauma)were included in this *** the nIR-II fluorescence imaging technique,we observed the ischemic region in the diabetic foot before morphological alterations,accurately determined the boundary of the ischemic region in the surgical incision,and fully assessed the blood supply condition of the ***-II fluorescence imaging can help surgeons precisely judge surgical margins,detect ischemic lesions early,and dynamically trace the perfusion *** believe that portable and reliable nIR-II fluorescence imaging equipment and additional functional fluorescent probes can play crucial roles in precision surgery.

关键词： Second near-infrared fluorescence imaging Foot and ankle surgery Indocyanine green Imaging-guided surgery

Constructing long-cycling crystalline C_(3)n_(4)-based carbonaceous anodes for sodium-ion battery via n configuration control

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 159-171页

作者： Ying Wang Hongguan li Shuanlong Di Boyin Zhai Ping niu Antonios Kelarakis Shulan Wang li li School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina Department of Chemistry College of ScienceNortheastern UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina School of natural Sciences UCLan Research Centre for Smart MaterialsUniversity of Central LancashirePrestonUK Foshan Graduate School of Innovation Northeastern UniversityFoshanGuangdongChina

Carbon nitrides with two-dimensional layered structures and high theoretical capacities are attractive as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries while their low crystallinity and insufficient structural stability strongly restrict their practical *** carbon nitrides with conductive carbon may relieve these ***,little is known about the influence of nitrogen(n)configurations on the interactions between carbon and C_(3)n_(4),which is fundamentally critical for guiding the precise design of advanced C_(3)n_(4)-related ***,highly crystalline C_(3)n_(4)(poly(triazine imide),PTI)based all-carbon composites were developed by molten salt *** importantly,the vital role of pyrrolic-n for enhancing charge transfer and boosting na+storage of C_(3)n_(4)-based composites,which was confirmed by both theoretical and experimental evidence,was spot-highlighted for the first *** elaborately controlling the salt composition,the composite with high pyrrolic-n and minimized graphitic-n content was *** from the formation of highly crystalline PTI and electrochemically favorable pyrrolic-n configurations,the composite delivered an unusual reverse growth and record-level cycling stability even after 5000 cycles along with high reversible capacity and outstanding full-cell capacity *** work broadens the energy storage applications of C_(3)n_(4) and provides new prospects for the design of advanced all-carbon electrodes.

关键词： anode highly crystalline C_(3)n_(4) n configuration sodium-ion batteries ultra-long cyclic stability

Effect and mechanism of reductive polyaniline on the stability of nitrocellulose

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 217-225页

作者： Wenjiang li Binbin Wang Huimin Chen Aoao Lu Chenguang li Qiang li Fengqiang nan Ping Du School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials Ministry of EducationNanjing 210094China

The search for new green and efficient stabilizers is of great importance for the stabilization of nitrocellulose(nC). This is due to the shortcomings of traditional stabilizers, such as high toxicity. In this study, reduced polyaniline(r-PAnI), which has a similar functional structure to diphenylamine(DPA) but is non-toxic, was prepared from PAnI based on the action with n_(2)H_(4) and nH_(3)-H_(2)O, and used for the first time as a potential stabilizer for nC. XPS, FTIR, Raman, and SEM were used to characterize the reduced chemical structure and surface morphology of r-PAnI. In addition, the effect of r-PAnI on the stabilization of nC was characterized using DSC, VST, isothermal TG, and MMC. Thermal weight loss was reduced by 83% and 68% and gas pressure release by 75% and 49% compared to pure nC and nC&3%DPA, *** and XPS were used to characterize the structural changes of r-PAnI before and after reaction with nO_(2). The 1535 cm^(-1) and 1341 cm^(-1) of the FTIR and the 404.98 eV and 406.05 eV of the XPS showed that the -nO_(2) was generated by the absorption of nO_(2). Furthermore, the quantum chemical calculation showed that nO_(2) was directly immobilized on r-PAnI by forming -nO_(2) in the neighboring position of the benzene ring.

关键词： nitrocellulose Green stabilizer Polyaniline Mechanism of stability

Built-in electric field induced S-scheme g-C_(3)n_(4)homojunction for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution:Interfacial engineering and morphology control

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nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4961-4970页

作者： Yongpan Gu Yike li Haoqiang Feng Yanan Han Zhongjun li College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

S-scheme possesses superior redox capabilities compared with the II-scheme,providing an effective method to solve the innate defects of g-C_(3)n_(4)(Cn).In this study,S-doped g-C_(3)n_(4)/g-C_(3)n_(4)(SCn-tm/Cn)S-scheme homojunction was constructed by rationally integrating morphology control with interfacial engineering to enhance the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution ***-situ Kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM)confirms the transport of photo-generated electrons from Cn to *** functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that the generation of a built-in electric field between SCn and Cn enables the carrier separation to be more efficient and *** transient absorption spectrum(fs-TAS)indicates prolonged lifetimes of SCn-tm/Cn_(3)(τ1:9.7,τ2:110,andτ3:1343.5 ps)in comparison to those of Cn(τ1:4.86,τ2:55.2,andτ3:927 ps),signifying that the construction of homojunction promotes the separation and transport of electron hole pairs,thus favoring the photocatalytic *** visible light irradiation,the optimized SCn-tm/Cn_(3)exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity with the hydrogen evolution rate of 5407.3μmol·g^(−1)·h^(−1),which is 20.4 times higher than that of Cn(265.7μmol·g^(−1)·h^(−1)).Moreover,the homojunction also displays an apparent quantum efficiency of 26.8%at 435 nm as well as ultra-long and ultra-stable cycle *** work offers a new strategy to construct highly efficient photocatalysts based on the metal-free conjugated polymeric Cn for realizing solar energy conversion.

关键词： homojunction built-in electric field morphology control interfacial engineering carrier separation

A comparative study of the anti-fatigue activity of extracts from different parts of Cistanche tubulosa(Schenk)Wight Author links open overlay panel

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第2期11卷 222-231页

作者： Jianteng Dong Junjun li Yizhou liu lingwen Cui Xiangning liu Gang Wang Qixin Wang David n.Criddle Pengfei Tu Chun li School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100700China Department of Molecular&Clinical Cancer Medicine Institute of SystemsMolecular&Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL693BXUK Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Beijing100191China

Objective To evaluate the anti-fatigue effects of different extracts from Cistanche tubulosa(Schenk)Wight(***,Rou Cong Rong),focusing on central and exercise-induced fatigue in *** study investigated the pharmacological effects of the total oligosaccharides,polysaccharides,and phenylethanoid glycosides(CPhGs)extracted from *** Models of sleep deprivation and forced swimming fatigue were established to simulate central and exercise-induced *** mice were treated with different extracts of ***,and their effects were assessed using behavioral tests to measure exercise capacity,learning,and memory *** analyses were performed to evaluate the changes in serum and brain neurotransmitter levels,liver and muscle glycogen storage,and various fatigue-related *** This study found that treatment with *** extract improved exercise capacity,learning,and memory in *** oligosaccharides from *** enhanced adrenocorticotropic hormone,cholinesterase,and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels,reduced cortisol levels in central fatigue models,and ameliorated biochemical markers of exercise-induced fatigue,including lowering lactic acid,blood urea nitrogen,and malondialdehyde *** the tested extracts,the total oligosaccharides showed the most comprehensive anti-fatigue *** The anti-fatigue effects of ***,particularly those of its total oligosaccharides,are pronounced in both central and exercise-induced *** effects are mediated by the regulation of neurotransmitter levels,enhancement of glycogen storage,and improvement of antioxidant enzyme activity,suggesting potential therapeutic benefits in fatigue-related conditions.

关键词： Cistanche tubulosa Anti-fatigue Central fatigue Exercise fatigue Oligosaccharides

Metal-based cathode catalysts for electrocatalytic ORR in microbial fuel cells:A review

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 85-96页

作者： Yaxin Sun Huiyu li Shiquan Guo Congju li School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Microbial fuel cells(MFCs)have a simple structure and excellent pollutant treatment and power generation ***,the slow kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)at the MFC cathode limit power *** electrochemical performance of MFCs can be improved through *** far,metal-based catalysts have shown astonishing results in the field of electrocatalysis,enabling MFC devices to demonstrate power generation capabilities comparable to those of Pt,thus showing enormous *** article reviews the research progress of meta-based MFC cathode ORR catalysts,including the ORR reaction mechanism of MFC,different types of catalysts,and preparation *** catalytic effects of different catalysts in MFC are compared and *** discussing the practical application and expanded manufacturing of catalysts,we summarize the key challenges that must be addressed when using metal-based catalysts in MFC,with the aim of providing a scientific direction for the future development of advanced materials.

关键词： Microbial fuel cells Metal-based cathode catalysts Oxygen reduction reaction noble metal catalysts MOFs M-n-C Single-atom Transition metal oxides