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Protic ionic liquids/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composite membranes for fuel cell application

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第2期30卷 197-207,I0008页

作者： isabel Vazquez-Fernandez Mohamed Raghibi Adnane Bouzina Laure Timperman Janick Bigarre Meriem Anouti Laboratoire KM2E Parc de GrandmontUniversite de Tours37200ToursFrance CEA-DAM Le Ripault BP16F-37260MontsFrance

Poly(vinylidene fluoride), PVDF, membranes have attracted considerable attention as polymer electrolytes for fuel cells. This study explores the effect of solvent on the spherulite size and the crystallinity of the polymeric membranes. Based on Hansen solubility parameters theory, the mixture of DMC and DMSO was selected among a dozen of solvents for the preparation of PVDF membranes by thermally induced phase separation. The addition of two protic ionic liquids(PILs), bis(2-ethyl hexyl) ammonium hydrogen phosphate [EHNH_2][H_2PO_4], and imidazolium hexanoate [Im][Hex] to PVDF membranes at concentrations(10% < wP IL< 50%) has been investigated by SEM, FTIR, DSC, TGA, EIS, and DMA. The inclusion of ionic liquids into the polymer matrix influences structural parameters(degree of crystallinity and electroactive phases), thermal stability, proton conductivity and mechanical properties of the membranes. The membranes become transparent regardless type of ionic liquid employed. A small amount of ionic liquids increases the degree of crystallinity and facilitates the production of polar β and γ crystals. The proton conductivity mechanism(Grotthuss) is dependent on the ionic liquid structure(due to its selforganization in water) and the content in the PVDF membrane, as well as the membrane water *** behavior has been observed for the two ionic liquids, which stresses the challenge on selecting an appropriate cation and anion combination. The obtained composite membranes exhibited excellent mechanical performance and reduced elastic modulus, with respect to the pure polymer matrix. These results indicate that PVDF/IL composite membranes have a high potential for PEMFC applications.

关键词： PVDF Hansen solubility parameters PILs Proton conductivity

Development of ecoregion-based merchantable volume systems for Pinus brutia Ten. and Pinus nigra Arnold. in southern Turkey

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第1期27卷 101-117页

作者： Ramazan Ozcelik Yasin Karatepe Nevzat Gurlevik isabel Canellas Felipe Crecente-Campo Faculty of Forestry Suleyman Demirel UniversityEast Campus32260 IspartaTurkey Centro de Investigacion Forestal(CIFOR) Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Crta.de la Corufia km 7.528040 MadridSpain CERNA ingeniería Medioambiental S.L.P.c/Ourense 541°B27004 LugoSpain

Estimating individual tree volume is one of the essential building blocks in forest growth and yield models. Ecologically based taper equations provide accurate vol- ume predictions and allow classification by mer- chantable sizes, assisting in sustainable forest management. In the present study, ecoregion-based compatible volume systems for brutian pine and black pine in the three ecoregions of southern Turkey were developed. Several well-known taper functions were evaluated. A second- order continuous-time autoregressive error structure was used to correct the inherent autocorrelation in the hierar- chical data, allowing the model to be applied to irregularly spaced and unbalanced data. The compatible segmented model of Fang et al. （For Sci 46：1-12, 2000） best described the experimental data. It is therefore recommended for estimating diameter at a specific height, height to a specific diameter, merchantable volume, and total volume for the three ecoregions and two species analyzed. The nonlinearextra sum of squares method indicated differences in ecoregion and tree-specific taper functions. A different taper function should therefore be used for each pine spe- cies and ecoregion in southern Turkey. Using ecoregion- specific taper equations allows making more robust esti- mations and, therefore, will enhance the accuracy of diameter at different heights and volume predictions.

关键词： Taper function Segmented model Brutianpine Black pine. Ecoregion Pinaceae

Two intestinal microbiota-derived metabolites, deoxycholic acid and butyrate, synergize to enhance host defense peptide synthesis and alleviate necrotic enteritis.

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Diagnosis and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in gastrointestinal bleeding:A systematic review

畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2024年第3期 1158页

作者： Dohyung M.Kim Jing Liu Melanie A.Whitmore isabel Tobin Zijun Zhao Guolong Zhang

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第45期26卷 7242-7257页

作者： Jose Cotter Cilenia Baldaia Manuela Ferreira Guilherme Macedo isabel Pedroto Department of Gastroenterology Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira-GuimarãesGuimarães 4835-044Portugal Department of Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal Department of Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS)/3B’s PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga 4710-057Portugal Department of Gastroenterology Hospital de Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Lisboa NorteLisbon 1649-035Portugal Department of University Clinic of Medicine II Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LisbonLisbon 1649-028Portugal Department of Gastroenterology Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de CoimbraCoimbra 3000-075Portugal Department of Faculty of Medicine University of CoimbraCoimbra 3004-504Portugal Department of Gastroenterology Centro Hospitalar de São JoãoPorto 4200-319Portugal Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoPorto 4200-319Portugal Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Training Center World Gastroenterology OrganizationPorto 4200-319Portugal Department of Gastroenterology Centro Hospitalar do PortoPorto 4099-001Portugal Department of Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of PortoPorto 4050-313Portugal

BACKGROUND Anemia is considered a public health issue and is often caused by iron ***-deficiency anemia(IDA)often originates from blood loss from lesions in the gastrointestinal tract in men and postmenopausal women,and its prevalence among patients with gastrointestinal bleeding has been estimated to be 61%.However,few guidelines regarding the appropriate investigation of patients with IDA due to gastrointestinal bleeding have been *** To review current evidence and guidelines concerning IDA management in gastrointestinal bleeding patients to develop recommendations for its diagnosis and *** Five gastroenterology experts formed the Digestive Bleeding and Anemia Workgroup and conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed and professional association ***(via PubMed)searches combined medical subject headings(MeSH)terms and the keywords“gastrointestinal bleeding”with“iron-deficiency anemia”and“diagnosis”or“treatment”or“management”or“prognosis”or“prevalence”or“safety”or“iron”or“transfusion”or“quality of life”,or other terms to identify relevant articles reporting the management of IDA in patients over the age of 18 years with gastrointestinal bleeding;retrieved studies were published in English between January 2003 and April *** professional association websites were searched for clinical practice *** lists from guidelines were reviewed to identify additional relevant *** recommendations were developed by consensus during two meetings and were supported by the published literature identified during the systematic *** From 494 Literature citations found during the initial literature search,17 original articles,one meta-analysis,and 13 clinical practice guidelines were *** on the published evidence and clinical experience,the workgroup developed the following ten recommendations for the management of IDA in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding:(1)Evaluation of

关键词： Anemia iron-deficiency Erythrocyte transfusion Ferric carboxymaltose Gastrointestinal hemorrhage Iron Practice guidelines as topic

Super-low friction of ta-C coating in presence of oleic acid

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Friction 2014年第2期2卷 156-163页

作者： Makoto KANO Jean Michel MARTIN Kentaro YOSHIDA Maria isabel DE BARROS BOUCHET Division of Mechanical&Material Engineering Kanagawa Industrial Technology Center705-1 Shimo-ImaizumiEbinaKanagawaJapan LTDS Ecole Centrale de Lyon 69380EcullyFrance

Friction tests have been carried out on bearing steel friction pairs coated with a-C:H and ta-C under lubricated conditions with 1-hexadecene and pure oleic acid,*** results show that ta-C leads to the super-low regime with oleic acid(friction coefficient below 0.01)and that a-C:H is quite well lubricated by *** analyses by coupling X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS)have been carried out in the case of oleic acid with ta-C and a-C:H *** show that tribochemical reactions have *** groups terminate the ta-C surface whereas a-C:H is covered by a thin tribofilm and is terminated by oleic acid *** superlow regime in the case of ta-C is mainly attributed to the presence of the OH-termination.

关键词： epoxy composite short carbon fiber friction wear

The function of animal ‘eyespots’:Conspicuousness but not eye mimicry is key

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Current Zoology 2009年第5期55卷 319-326页

作者： Martin STEVENS Abi CANTOR Julia GRAHAM isabel S.WINNEY Department of Zoology University of CambridgeDowning Street

Many animals are marked with conspicuous circular features often called ＇eyespots＇, which intimidate predators, preventing or halting an attack. It has long been assumed that eyespots work by mimicking the eyes of larger animals, but recent experiments have indicated that conspicuousness and contrast is important in eyespot function, and not eye mimicry. We undertake two further experiments to distinguish between the conspicuousness and mimicry hypotheses, by using artificial prey presented to wild avian predators in the field. In experiment 1, we test if eyespot effectiveness depends on the marking shape （bar or circle） and arrangement （eye-like and non-eye-like positions）. We find no difference between shapes or arrangement; all spots were equally effective in scaring birds. In experiment 2, we test if the often yellow and black colors of eyespots mimic the eyes of birds of prey. We find no effect of shape, and no advantage to yellow and black spots over non-eye-like but equally conspicuous colors. The consistent finding is that eyespot function lies in being a conspicuous signal to predators, and not necessarily due to eye mimicry [ Current Zoology 55 （5）： 319 - 326, 2009].

关键词： Eyespots Conspicuousness Mimicry Predation Protective coloration

The Australian approach to geospatial capabilities;positioning,earth observation,infrastructure and analytics:issues,trends and perspectives

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2017年第2期20卷 109-125页

作者： Peter Woodgate isabel Coppa Suelynn Choy Stuart Phinn Lesley Arnold Matt Duckham Australia and New Zealand Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information MelbourneAustralia School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia Remote Sensing Research Centre University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Australia and New Zealand Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information PerthAustralia

This paper examines the current state of three of the key areas of geospatial science in Australia:positioning;earth observation(EO);and spatial *** paper discusses the limitations and challenges that will shape the development of these three areas of geospatial science over the next decade and then profiles what each may look like in about ***’s national positioning infrastructure plan is guiding the development of a nation-wide,sub decimeter,real-time,outdoor positioning capability based on multi-GNSS and in particular the emerging precise point positioning−real-time kinematic(PPP-RTK)*** positioning systems including the ground-based Locata system,location-based indoor systems,and beacons,among others are also *** importance of the underpinning role of a next generation dynamic datum is *** development of Australia’s first EO strategy is described along with the key national needs of the products of remote *** development of massive on-line multi-decadal geospatial imagery data stores and processing engines for co-registered stacks of continuous base-line satellite imagery are ***,perspectives on the evolution of a future spatial knowledge infrastructure(SKI)emerging from today’s traditional spatial data infrastructures(SDIs)are provided together with discussion of the growing importance of geospatial analytics for transforming whole supply chains.

关键词： Australia geospatial Information positioning earth observation remote sensing spatial knowledge infrastructure(SKI) trends enablers

Evaluation of habitat requirements of small rodents and effectiveness of an ecologically-based management in a hantavirus-endemic natural protected area in Argentina

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第1期12卷 77-94页

作者： María Victoria VADELL Francisco GARCÍA ERIZE isabel Elisa GÓMEZ VILLAFAÑE Department of Ecology Genetics and Evolution.Institute of EcologyGenetics and Evolution(IEGEBA-CONICET).University of Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Institute of Research and Environmental Engineering(3iA).University of San Martín San MartínBuenos AiresArgentina

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is a severe cardio pulmonary disease transmitted to humans by sylvan rodents found in natural and rural *** transmission is closely linked to the ecology of animal reservoirs and abiotic factors such as habitat characteristics,season or climatic *** main goals of this research were:to determine the biotic and abiotic factors affecting richness and abundance of rodent species at different spatial scales,to evaluate different methodologies for studying population of small rodents,and to describe and analyze an ecologically-based rodent management experience in a highly touristic area.A 4-year study of small rodent ecology was conducted between April 2007 and August 2011 in the most relevant habitats of El Palmar National Park,*** involved a wide range of control and prevention measures,including poisoning,culling and habitat modification.A total of 172 individuals of 5 species were captured with a trapping effort of 13860 traps-nights(1.24 individuals/100 traps-nights).Five rodent species were captured,including 2 hantavirus-host species,Oligoryzomys nigripes and Akodon *** nigripes,host of a hantavirus that is pathogenic in humans,was the most abundant species and the only one found in all the studied *** results are inconsistent with the dilution effect *** present study demonstrates that sylvan rodent species,including the hantavirus-host species,have distinct local habitat selection and temporal variation patterns in abundance,which may influence the risk of human exposure to hantavirus and may have practical implications for disease transmission as well as for reservoir management.

关键词： abundance disease prevention habitat use population dynamics zoonosis

Intraexaminer repeatability and agreement in stereoacuity measurements made in young adults

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第2期8卷 374-381页

作者： Beatriz Antona Ana Barrio isabel Sanchez Enrique Gonzalez Guadalupe Gonzalez Department of Optics II (Optometry and Vision) Faculty of Optics and Optometry Complutense University of Madrid

AIM: To determine the repeatability and agreement of stereoacuity measurements made using some of the most widely used clinical tests: Frisby, TNO, Randot and ***: Stereoacuity was measured in two different sessions separated by a time interval of at least 24 h but no longer than 1wk in 74 subjects of mean age 20.6y using the four methods. The study participants were divided into two groups: subjects with normal binocular vision and subjects with abnormal binocular ***: Best repeatability was shown by the Frisby and Titmus [coefficient of repeatability(COR): ±13 and±12s arc respectively] in the subjects with normal binocular vision though a clear ceiling effect was *** the subjects with abnormal binocular vision, best repeatability was shown by the Frisby(COR: ±69s arc)and Randot(COR: ±72s arc). In both groups, the TNO test showed poorest agreement with the other ***:Therepeatabilityofstereoacuitymeasures was low in subjects with poor binocular vision yet fairly good in subjects with normal binocular vision with the exception of the TNO test. The reduced agreement detected between the tests indicates they cannot be used interchangeably.

关键词： stereoacuity repeatability agreement tereopsis