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Conspecific negative density dependence in American beech

Forest Ecosystems 2017年第3期4卷 174-181页

作者： Benjamin S.Ramage isabel j.mangana Biology Department Randolph-Macon College

Background： One of the most important drivers of forest biodiversity is conspecific negative density dependence（CNDD）, a reduction in performance when conspecific densities are high. While the majority of CNDD research has focused on tropical forests, evidence is mounting that CNDD may also play an important role in temperate *** further explore the potential reach of this phenomenon, we investigated CNDD in American beech（Fagus grandifolia）in a mature mid-Atlantic ***： We used bivariate point pattern analyses to examine spatial relationships between large beech trees and conspecific saplings, and we also contrasted these patterns with comparable patterns for heterospecifics. In addition, to address the possibility of dispersal limitation and the associated effects on spatial patterns, we analyzed seedling density as a function of adult conspecific ***： We found that beech saplings were more repel ed from large conspecifics than large heterospecifics, despite the fact that beech seedling density was positively correlated with beech basal area. However, saplings of other canopy tree species were also repel ed from adult beech trees, suggesting a general suppressive effect. Nonetheless, the discrepancy between beech seedling and sapling densities beneath adult conspecifics suggests that beech seedling survival rates were reduced in vicinity of conspecific ***： Regardless of the extent to which beech inhibits heterospecific trees, a negative effect on conspecific recruits may be critical for biodiversity maintenance. Without this conspecific suppression, a dense layer of shade-tolerant beech saplings could form beneath adult beech trees. If this were to occur, beech would have a substantial head-start fol owing canopy disturbance, and this late-successional species could potential y dominate a stand in perpetuity,through repeated disturbance cycles.

关键词： Biodiversity Disturbance Dispersal limitation Diversity Fagus grondifolia janzen-Connell effects Mid-Atlantic Point pattern analysis Regeneration Temperate forest

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On the complementarity of DNA barcoding and morphology to distinguish benign endemic insects from possible pests: the case of Dirioxa pornia and the tribe Acanthonevrini (Diptera: lephritidae: Phytalmiinae) in Australia

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 261-270页

作者： Francesco Martoni isabel Valenzuela Mark j.Blacket Agriculture Victoria Research Agri Bio Centre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoriaAustralia

Fruit flies are considered economically important insects due to some species being agricultural ***,morphological identification of fruit fly adults and larvae can be difficult requiring a high level of taxonomic expertise,with misidentifications causing problematic false-positiv/negative *** destructive molecular techniques can assist with the identification process,these often cannot be applied where it is mandatory to retain a voucher reference *** this work,we non-destructively(and partialdestructively)processed larvae and adults mostly belonging to the species Dirioxa pornia(Walker,1849),of the poorly studied nonpest fruit fly tribe Acanthonevrini(Tephritidae)from Australia,to enable molecular identifications whilst retaining morphological *** retaining the morphological features of specimens,we confirmed useful characters for genus/species-level identification,contributing to improved accuracy for future diagnostics using both molecular and morphological *** provide DNA barcode information for three species of Acanthonevrini known from Australia,which prior to our study was only available for a single species,*** specimen examinations provide new distribution records for three nonpest species:Acanthonevroides variegatus Permkam and Hancock,1995 in South Australia,Acanthonevroides basalis (Walker,1853)and *** in Victoria,Australia;as well as new host plant records for ***,from kangaroo apple,apricot and loquat.

关键词： biodiversity biosecurity COI fruit flies Agriculture

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Analysis of the human Atox 1 homologue in Wilson patients

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第15期14卷 2383-2387页

作者： isabel Simon Mark Schaefer jürgen Reichert Wolfgang Stremmel Department of Gastroenterology University of HeidelbergGermany

AIM: To analyze the metallochaperone antioxidant-1 (Atox1) gene sequence in Wilson disease patients. METHODS: Mutation analysis of the four exons of the Atox1 gene including the intron- exon boundaries was performed in 63 Wilson disease patients by direct sequencing. RESULTS: From 63 selected patients no mutations were identified after the entire coding region including the intron- exon boundaries of Atox1 were sequenced. One known polymorphism within the Atox1 gene (5’UTR -99 T>C) in 31 (49%) of the Wilson patients as well as one previously undescribed variation (5’UTR -68 C>T) in 2 of the Wilson patients could be detected. Statistical analyses revealed that the existence of a variation within the Atox1- gene showed a tendency towards an earlier onset of the disease. CONCLUSION: Based on the data of this study, no major role can be attributed to Atox1 in the pathophysiology or clinical variation of Wilson disease.

关键词： Antioxidant-1 Wilson disease Wilson's disease protein Mutation analysis

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Effect of Polymer Inclusion in Preparation of Thick LZO Buffer Layers for YBCO Coated Conductors

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第3期29卷 261-266页

作者： Vyshnavi Narayanan isabel Van Driessche Sol-gel Centre for Research on Inorganic Powders and Thin film Synthesis-SCRiPTS Department of Inorganic and Physical ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281-S3B-9000 GentBelgium

In this work, water-based precursor solutions suitable for dip-coating of thick La2Zr2O7 （LZO） buffer layers for coated conductors on Ni-5%W substrates with an inclusion of polymeric polyvinyl pyrrolidone were developed. The effect of varying percentage of the polymer addition on the preparation of the deposited films with maximum crack-free thickness was investigated. This novel water-based chemical solution deposition method involving polymers in two different chelate-chemistry compositions revealed the possibility to grow single, crack-free layers with thicknesses ranging from 140 to 280 nm, with good crystallinity and epitaxial growth. The effect of increasing polymer concentrations on the morphology and the structure of the films was studied. The appropriate buffer layer action of the films in preventing Ni diffusion was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

关键词： Buffer layers Thick lanthanum zirconate films Chemical solution deposition Polyvinyl pyrrolidone Water-based precursor design Coated conductors

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Functional responses to deforestation in fish communities inhabiting neotropical streams and rivers

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 716-732页

作者： isabel Cantera Céline jézéquel Tony Dejean jérôme Murienne Régis Vigouroux Alice Valentini Sébastien Brosse Department of Environmental Science and Policy Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 2620133 MilanItaly Laboratoire Evolution et DiversitéBiologique UMR5174-UniversitéPaul SabatierCNRSIRD118 Route de Narbonne31062 ToulouseFrance SPYGEN Savoie Technolac-BP 27417 Rue du Lac Saint-André73375 Le Bourget-du-Lac CedexFrance HYDRECO Laboratoire Environnement de Petit SautB.P 82397388 Kourou CedexFrench GuianaFrance

Background Deforestation is a widespread disturbance for neotropical freshwater *** biodiversity declines have been associated with deforestation,its functional consequences for stream and river fish faunas remain poorly *** this study,we explored how deforestation affects the different facets of the functional structure of fish communities inventoried using environmental DNA metabarcoding in 64 river and 35 stream sites of French ***,we investigated how functional richness,divergence,evenness and identity of fish faunas are affected by *** We showed that anthropogenic disturbances in French Guiana are modifying the functional diversity of freshwater fish *** disturbances not only affected the amount of functional traits held by the communities but also the identity of the traits and the internal structure of the functional ***,different facets of the functional diversity supported by fish assemblages were *** streams,deforestation did not affect the overall diversity of traits but reduced functional redundancy,underlined by a shift in functional identity towards assemblages dominated by pelagic *** contrast,river fish faunas experienced a decline in functional richness,paired with shifts in functional identity and a loss of fish species with extreme *** The response to deforestation differed between streams and rivers,but it supports the hypothesis that deforestation is linked to functional changes in fish *** diminishing the range of the functions in rivers or by jeopardizing the redundancy of functions in streams,deforestation could severely hamper the functioning and stability of neotropical freshwater ecosystems.

关键词： eDNA Traits Functional space Richness Divergence Evenness Identity Gold mining

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A global consistent positive effect of urban green area size on bird richness

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Avian Research 2019年第3期10卷 271-284页

作者： Lucas M.Leveau Adriana Ruggiero Thomas j.Matthews M.isabel Bellocq Departamento de Ecologia Geneica y EvolucionFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires-IEGEBA(CONICET-UBA) Intendente Guiraldes 2160Ciudad UniversitariaPab 2Piso 4C1428EGA Buenos AiresArgentina Laboratorio Ecotono Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche-Universidad Nacional del ComahueINIBIOMA-CONICET8400 San Carlos de BarilocheRio NegroArgentina GEES (School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences) and the Birmingham Institute of Forest ResearchThe University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TTUK Departamento de Ciencias e Engenharia do Ambiente CE3C-Centre for EcologyEvolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Acores9700-042 Angra do HeroismoAcoresPortugal

Background: Although the species-urban green area relationship (SARu) has been analyzed worldwide, the global consistency of its parameters, such as the fit and the slope of models, remains unexplored. Moreover,the SARu can be explained by 20 different models. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate which models provide a better explanation of SARus and, focusing on the power model,to evaluate the global heterogeneity in its fit and slope. Methods: We tested the performance of multiple statistical models in accounting for the way in which species richness increases with area, and examined whether variability in model form was associated with various methodological and environmental factors. Focusing on the power model, we analyzed the global heterogeneity in the fit and slope of the models through a meta-analysis. Results: Among 20 analyzed models, the linear model provided the best fit to the most datasets, was the top ranked model according to our efficiency criterion, and was the top overall ranked *** Kobayashi and power models were the second and third overall ranked models, *** number of green areas and the minimum number of species within a green area were the only significant variables explaining the variation in model form and performance, accounting for less than 10% of the variation. Based on the power model,there was a consistent overall fit (r2=0.50) and positive slope of 0.20 for the species richness increase with area ***:The good fit of the linear model to our SARu datasets contrasts with the non-linear SAR frequently found in true and non-urban habitat island systems;however, this finding may be a result of the small sample size of many SARu datasets. The overall power model slope of 0.20 suggests low levels of isolation among urban green patches, or alternatively that habitat specialist and area sensitive species have already been extirpated from urban green areas.

关键词： Birds Conservation macroecology Habitat islands Species-area relationships Species-urban green area relationship Urban parks Urbanization

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Ecological variation along the salinity gradient in the Baltic Sea Area and its consequences for reproduction in the common goby

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Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 259-270页

作者： isabel MUCK Katja U. HEUBEL Department of Biology University of Tuibingen Auf tier Morgenstelle 28 72076 Tuibingen Germany Institute for Zoology Ecological Research Station Rees University of Cologne Grietherbusch 3a D-46459 Rees Germany Tvarminne Zoological Station University of Helsinki J.A. Palmenin tie 260 10900 Hanko Finland

Although it has become clear that sexual selection may shape mating systems and drive speciation, the potential constraints of environmental factors on processes and outcomes of sexual selection are largely unexplored. Here, we investigate the geographic variation of such environmental factors, more precisely the quality and quantity of nest resources （bivalve shells） along a salinity gradient in the Baltic Sea Area （Baltic Sea, Sounds and Belts, and Kattegat）. We further test whether we find any salinity-associated morphological differences in body size between populations of common gobies Pomatoschistus microps, a small marine fish with a resource-based mat- ing system. In a geographically expansive field study, we sampled 5 populations of P. microps occurring along the salinity gradient （decreasing from West to East） in the Baltic Sea Area over 3 consecutive years. Nest resource quantity and quality decreased from West to East, and a correla- tion between mussel size and male body size was detected. Population density, sex ratios, mating- and reproductive success as well as brood characteristics also differed between populations but with a less clear relation to salinity. With this field study we shed light on geographic variation of distinct environmental parameters possibly acting on population differentiation. We provide insights on relevant ecological variation, and draw attention to its importance in the framework of context-dependent plasticity of sexual selection.

关键词： aquatic ecology body size environmental gradient nest availability nesting resources sexual selection.

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Hydroxychloride trace minerals have a positive effect on growth performance,carcass quality and impact ileal and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1112-1124页

作者： Sandra j.A.van Kuijk Yanming Han Ana isabel Garcia-Ruiz Ana Rodiles Trouw Nutrition R&D P.O.Box 2993800AGAmersfoortthe Netherlands Trouw Nutrition R&D 45950 Casarrubios del MonteToledoSpain.

Background:The objective was to study the effect of hydroxychloride trace minerals(HTM)on growth performance,carcass quality and gut microbiota of broiler chickens in comparison to sulphate trace minerals(STM).In total 1440 male Ross 308 day-old chicks were divided into 12 replicate pens with 30 birds each per *** different treatments were tested according to a 2×2 factorial study design,where the animals received a three phase diet containing either inorganic Zn from sulphates or Zn from HTM in high(80 mg/kg Zn)or low Zn dosage(20 mg/kg Zn).In all treatments 15 mg/kg Cu was added from the same mineral source as the *** weight and feed intake were measured on day 0,10,27 and 34,while carcass and breast meat yields were measured at the end of the study(day 34).In addition,high-throughput sequencing analysis was performed in digesta samples from ileum and cecum to study the gut microbiome(day 34).Results:The results showed an improved(P<0.05)body weight of broiler chickens fed HTM,regardless of Zn level,on day 27,while on day 34 this effect remained as a tendency(P=0.0542).In the overall study period,birds fed HTM had a higher(P<0.05)average daily gain and average daily feed intake when compared to birds fed *** mineral source did not affect the carcass characteristics,however,feeding 80 mg/kg Zn resulted in a significantly higher(P=0.0171)breast meat yield,regardless of ***-throughput sequencing analysis of the microbiota revealed a higher microbial diversity in the ileum and cecum of HTM fed birds compared to STM fed *** differences were mainly found in the cecum,specifically between the group fed high and low Zn levels from *** correlated with the mineral contents observed in the cecal *** both groups fed 80 mg/kg Zn,the HTM group had more Streptococcaceae,Streptococcus,Clostridia,Weissella and Leuconostocaceae compared to the STM ***:HTM improved growth performance of broiler chickens;and th

关键词： Broiler chickens Growth performance Gut microbiota Hydroxychloride trace minerals

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Long-term monitoring data reveal effects of age,population density,and environmental aspects on hatching success of Common Cranes(Grus grus)

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 347-355页

作者： isabel Barwisch Wolfgang Mewes Angela Schmitz Ornes AG Vogelwarte Zoological Institute and MuseumUniversity of GreifswaldSoldmannstr.23GreifswaldGermany Grüner Weg 3 19395Plau Am SeeOT KarowGermany

Facing climate and land use change,a species’ability to successfully adapt to changing environments is crucial for its *** drainage and intensification of agriculture and forestry set wetlands and associated species at risk of population *** population of Common Cranes(Grus grus)has experienced considerable fluctuations over the last *** increasing population numbers,hatching success seemed to have decreased over the last *** aim of this study was to identify factors influencing hatching success and nest survival of Common Cranes based on analyses of long-term individual-based monitoring data from northeastern Germany and evaluate the species ability to adapt to changing *** success decreased over the course of the study period from 0.75 to ***,nest survival and hatching success did not vary across different nesting habitats,whereas factors such as female age,timing of nest initiation and breeding pair density were found to have significant effects on hatching *** females showed higher hatching success,even though the proportion of unhatched eggs was highest in females aged 20 years or *** nest initiation had a positive effect on hatching *** levels are more favorable early in the nesting season,whereas increasing evaporation with time causes water levels to decrease,granting easier access for *** of female age,hatching success decreased with increasing numbers of breeding pairs within a 2-km radius around a nesting *** population densities intensify competition for resources and promote intraspecific interactions,affecting reproductive outcome *** study gives first insights into mechanisms behind population regulation in Common Cranes,highlighting the importance of population dynamics and individual *** suggest to further investigate density dependent effects including landscape and habitat features as well as reproduct

关键词： Adaptation Age Cranes Grus grus Habitat Nest survival Population density Reproduction

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Acute hepatitis with autoimmune features after COVID-19 vaccine:coincidence or vaccine-induced phenomenon?

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 628-631页

作者： jose M.Pinazo-Bandera Alicia Hernandez-Albujar Ana isabel Garcia-Salguero isabel Arranz-Salas Raul j.Andrade Mercedes Robles-Diaz Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMAHospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaUniversidad de MalagaMalagaSpain Division of Anatomical Pathology Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd) MadridSpain

Introduction Autoimmune diseases result from a breach of immunological self-tolerance and tissue damage by autoreactive T *** acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is characterized by an inflam... 详细信息

关键词： autoimmune vaccine acute

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