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Effect of Variety and Plant Spacing on Growth and Yield of Groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 54-70页

作者： Abukari Iddrisu Eric adjei Samuel Kwesi Asomaning Kwadwo Gyasi Santo Adu Poku isaac Alexander Danson-Anokye Cocoa Health and Extension Division Huni Valley Ghana Department of Agriculture Berekum East Municipal Assembly Berekum Ghana Department of Horticulture and Crop Production School of Agriculture and Technology University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Glenn High School Winston Salem USA

A field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of variety and plant spacing on yield and growth of groundnuts. The field experiment was laid in a 3 × 3 factorial experiment in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three (3) replications. The factor A included three (3) groundnut varieties (Nkatie Sari, Sum Nutt 22 and Yenyawoso) and Factor B was the three (3) spacing of 30 cm × 15 cm, 30 cm × 30 cm and 30 cm × 40 cm. All recommended agronomic practices were followed. Data was collected from eight (8) tagged plants. Growth data were recorded on plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, and the number of flowers while yield data were collected on the number of flowers, number of pods per plant, 100 seeds weight and the pod yield (kg/ha). The plant spacing significantly influenced (P < 0.05) the growth and yield parameters. Groundnut grown at a spacing of 30 cm × 15 cm produced the maximum plant height, whereas the maximum number of leaves, number of branches and number of flowers were produced from 30 cm × 40 cm. Yenyawoso variety with a wider plant spacing performed better vegetatively among all the varieties. The Yenyawoso variety produced the highest number of pods, 100 seeds weight and pod yield as compared to the other varieties. Also, Yenyawoso at 30 cm × 40 cm spacing and Nkatie Sari at 30 cm × 15 cm spacing produced the maximum pod yield.

关键词： Groundnut Variety Yield Spacing Plant Height

The Evil Couple:Illegal Mining in Water Bodies and Climate Change:A Case Study of Ghana

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2022年第3期5卷 37-51页

作者： Victor adjei Elijah Foh Amaning isaac Tettey Adjokatse Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies University of GhanaLegonAccraGhana

For the past few decades,illegal mining sector in Ghana popularly known as galamsey has received public outcry due to its negative impacts on quantity and quality of water *** purpose of this study was to explore the combined effects of mining in water bodies and climate change on water resources in *** methodology explored in the study was quantitative *** quality and quantity of most water bodies in Ghana had been compromised due to extraction of minerals,and such contaminants(heavy metals)include mercury,zinc,cyanide,sulphur *** phenomenon had made most water resources(*** Fena,River Pra)unwholesome or *** from this,climate change had also dried up some streams and rivers such as Anyinam,Offin and *** unfortunate events had made water resources precarious which could spike water scarcity in the country in the near *** paper,therefore,commends that stringent measures are to be taken to protect water bodies in the country as a menace of climate will continue to get worse.

关键词： Climate change Galamsey(illegal mining) Adaptation Mitigation

Teamwork and Physician Burnout: The Moderating Role of Perceived Organisational Support

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Health 2021年第4期13卷 416-438页

作者： Samuel Atingabili Wenxin Wang isaac adjei Mensah Evelyn Agba Tackie isaac Ahakwa Prince Owusu Sarkodie School of Management Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China Department of Public Administration Law School/Institute of Local Government Development Shantou University Shantou China Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IASA) School of Mathematics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China

Burnout is an important issue which has attracted the attention of physicians and health practitioners. Several studies have reported the negative effect of physician burnout and the adverse effect it has on the individual and health institutions. This study therefore examined the moderating effect of perceived organizational support on the relationship between teamwork and physician burnout in the Chinese context. Using a survey data consisting of a sample of physicians from hospitals within the Jiangsu Province of China, we estimated three models in a hierarchical framework and identified that in the presence of respondent’s demographic characteristics as control variables, perceived organizational support, play a very vital role in improving teamwork while reducing burnout among physicians.

关键词： Burnout Perceived Organizational Support Teamwork Hierarchical Regression Analysis

Garden Egg (Solanum melongena L.) Performance under Different Sources of Animal Manure as a Sustainable Alternative Fertilizer for Farmers

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第8期14卷 1053-1067页

作者： Eric adjei Kwadwo Gyasi Santo isaac Adu Poku Danson-Anokye Alexander Adwoa Oforiwa Antwi Department of Agriculture Berekum East Municipal Assembly Berekum Ghana School of Agriculture and Technology University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Glenn High School Winston Salem NC USA The University of Environment and Sustainable Development Somanya Ghana

To ensure food security, continuous intensive farming systems with limited fallowing periods and other farming systems like crop rotation have led to poor soil health with extremely low organic matter, especially in tropical regions with high organic matter mineralization. Small-scale farmers in developing countries cannot afford intensive agricultural systems with heavy chemical inputs, which have not improved soil health. Inorganic fertilizers are harmful to the environment, so farmers should use cheap, locally available organic fertilizers like animal manure, which supports organic agricultural systems and soil health. Animal manure is used as a soil amendment to improve soil health, fertility, and crop yields, but data on how different manures affect specific crops is scarce. Poultry, cattle, and goat manure were compared to no fertilizer and mineral fertilizer on garden egg phenology, vegetative growth, and yield. Poultry manure improved garden egg vegetative growth, phenology, yield, and yield components compared to the negative control and the other treatments. Poultry manure yielded the most fruit at 0.921 kg∙ha-1, followed by cattle and goat manure at 0.709 kg∙ha-1 and 0.698 kg∙ha-1. In conclusion, poultry manure may be a better alternative to synthetic NPK with yield performance similar to garden eggs and long-term soil health benefits similar to other manure sources.

关键词： Garden Eggs Ghana Organic Manure Plant Phenology Sustainability

Nutraceutical with Anti-Inflammatory Activity for the Management of Airway Remodeling in Bronchial Asthma: <i>Kalanchoe integra</i>Var. Crenata (Andr.) Cuf Leaf Extract

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第3期5卷 250-261页

作者： Asiedu-Gyekye isaac Julius Awortwe Charles Nyamekye Effah Samuel Antwi Daniel Ansong Seidu Mahmood adjei Samuel Banga N’guessan Benoit Kwame Amoateng Patrick Nkansah Edwin Department of Animal Experimentation Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research College of Health Sciences Legon Ghana Department of Chemical Pathology School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health Sciences Korle-Bu Ghana Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Ghana School of Pharmacy College of Health Sciences Legon Ghana Department of Physiology University of Ghana Medical School Col-lege of Health Sciences Korle-Bu Ghana Division of Pharmacology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa

Background: Kalanchoe integra is widely used in folklore medicine as an antiasthmatic agent. Previous studies have shown the ameliorating effect of Kalanchoe integra leaf extract [KILE] on bronchial hyperesponsiveness and inflammation. Further, the stabilizing effect of Kalanchoe sp on mast cell degranulation, suggests that Kalanchoe species are suitable candidates for allergic asthma therapy. This study is designed to investigate the anti-asthmatic potential of KILE and monitor the accompanying histopathological and immunobiochemical changes that occur in an animal model of bronchial asthma using ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs. Method: Thirty male guinea pigs were divided into five groups of six animals each. Bronchial asthma was simulated in guinea pigs using ovalbumin. Both low dose (300 mg/kg) and high dose extract (900 mg/kg) were administered daily for 42 days. Prednisolone (2.5 mg/kg) was the standard drug used. Results: Guinea pigs in all KILE treated groups maintained the integrity of their airway structures: bronchial folds and walls, alveoli, alveolar ducts and sacs. KILE and prednisolone caused a reduction in immune parameters (p 0.001), extent of bronchoconstriction, bronchial wall thickness and goblet cell accumulation in the sensitized guinea pigs. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the anti-asthmatic potential of KILE during prolonged administration by the oral route.

关键词： Kalanchoe Integra Asthma Bronchoconstriction Goblet Cells Perivascular Oedema

Physiological Resilience of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) Genotypes to Intermittent Periods of Drought Stress at Different Growth Stages

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1573-1592页

作者： Kennedy Agyeman Felix Frimpong Patricia Amankwaa-Yeboah isaac Osei-Bonsu Stephen Yeboah Agbesi Keteku Paul Marno Mavis Brempong Brempong Eric Owusu Danquah Asamoah Emmanuel adjei Michael Odenkey Quaye Joseph Nketiah Berchie CSIR-Crops Research Institute Fumesua-Kumasi Ghana Departnent of Agricultural Science Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

Different genotypes of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) grow well under conducive environmental conditions, provided that adequate soil moisture is available during vegetative and reproductive phases. However, drought stress is the major limiting factor to bambara production, which accounts for up to 40% of yield losses. This situation could worsen due to drastic and rapid changes in the global climate. Landraces grown by farmers are low-yielding. Understanding the physiological response of different genotypes to drought stress is key to achieving food security through crop improvement and diversification. This study focused on variations in the response of Bambara groundnut genotypes to intermittent drought stress during the crop’s critical growth (vegetative and reproductive) stages. The experiment was undertaken at CSIR-Crops Research Institute Screen-house. The treatments were used in a factorial experiment with three replications in a randomized complete block design. The Bambara genotypes showed considerable variability in tolerance to drought stress. Drought stress during vegetative and reproductive stages significantly reduced crop growth indices, the leaf relative water content, chlorophyll content and leaf area. Drought stress during vegetative and reproductive stages had a more severe impact on the seed yield of genotype Nav Red, reducing it by 69% and 13%, respectively. Farmers should pay more attention to adopting drought-tolerant and high-yielding varieties for improved Bambara groundnut productivity and livelihoods.

关键词： Drought Stress Bambara Groundnut Genotypes Seed Yield

Impact of Economic Growth,Energy Use and Population Growth on Carbon Emissions in Sub-Sahara Africa

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2018年第5期7卷 178-192页

作者： Max William Ssali Jianguo Du Duncan Omenda Duncan Omenda Hongo isaac adjei Mensah School of Management Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 PR China School of Statistics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 PR China Faculty of Science Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P R of China

The study examines the impact of economic growth,energy use and population growth on carbon emissions in sub Saharan Africa:Kenya,Nigeria,Botswana,Benin,Togo and Mauritius for the period *** study employed unit root test,co-integration test,VECM(Vector Error Correction Model)and FMOLS(Fully Modified Ordinary Least-Square)as methodologies to model the causality and linear relationships amongst the *** VECM was used to identify the long-run causality and asymptotic convergence among the *** results reveal that an increase in energy use and population growth by1%would cause an increase in CO2(Carbon Dioxide)concentration by0.08%and0.22%correspondingly,whereas in the long-run1%increase of energy use increases economic output by0.09%.As the economy grows without contributing to carbon emissions,governments should invest more in renewable *** should also come up with policies to regulate population growth and fossil energy use.

关键词： Carbon emissions economic growth energy use population growth