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Plant adaptation to low phosphorus availability:Core signaling,crosstalks,and applied implications

Molecular Plant 2022年第1期15卷 104-124页

作者： Javier Paz-Ares Maria Isabel Puga Monica Rojas-Triana iris martinez-hevia Sergio Diaz Cesar Poza-Carrión Miguel Mi(n)ambres Antonio Leyva Department of Plant Molecular Genetics Centro Nacional de Biotecnología(CNB-CSIC)Darwin 3Campus Universidad Autónoma28049 MadridSpain Institute of Plant Biochemistry Institute of Synthetic Biology and CEPLASUniversity of Düsseldorf40225 DüsseldorfGermany

Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for plant growth and reproduction.Plants preferentially absorb P as orthophosphate(Pi),an ion that displays low solubility and that is readily fixed in the soil,making P limita-tion a condition common to many soils and Pi fertilization an inefficient practice.To cope with Pi limitation,plants have evolved a series of developmental and physiological responses,collectively known as the Pi starvation rescue system(PSR),aimed to improve Pi acquisition and use efficiency(PUE)and protect from Pi-starvation-induced stress.Intensive research has been carried out during the last 20 years to un-ravel the mechanisms underlying the control of the PSR in plants.Here we review the results of this research effort that have led to the identification and characterization of several core Pi starvation signaling components,including sensors,transcription factors,microRNAs(miRNAs)and miRNA inhibitors,kinases,phosphatases,and components of the proteostasis machinery.We also refer to recent results revealing the existence of intricate signaling interplays between Pi and other nutrients and antagonists,N,Fe,Zn,and As,that have changed the initial single-nutrient-centric view to a more integrated view of nutrient homeostasis.Finally,we discuss advances toward improving PUE and future research priorities.

关键词： inositol pyrophosphate plant nutrient PHR1 transcription factor PUE(phosphorus acquisition and use efficiency) SPX sensor and STOP1 transcription factor

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Impact of tourism on the vigilance behavior of the Cyprus rock agama(Laudakia cypriaca)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 577-583页

作者： Artur GOLAWSKI iris CHARALAMBIDOU Sylwia GOLAWSKA Faculty of Sciences Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and HumanitiesSiedlcePolandand Department of Life Sciences School of Life and Health SciencesUniversity of NicosiaNicosiaCyprus

Escape behavior is a common antipredator strategy among wild animals.Here,we investigated the effect of four factors on the vigilance behavior of the endemic Cyprus rock agama(Laudakia cypriaca).Flight initiation distance(FID,the minimum distance to which an observer can approach a lizard before it flees)was measured in relation to the type of location(tourist vs.nontourist area),the observer’s starting distance,air temperature,and substrate temperature.We collected data for 39 agamas in tourist areas and 34 of these lizards in nontourist areas.As a whole,the mean starting distance was 10.5 m and the FID was 3.6 m.The average substrate temperature was 34.0℃ and the average air temperature 29.6℃.Only the type of area affected the agamas’escape decisions with FID being 1.8 m shorter in tourist areas than in nontourist areas(2.7 m vs.4.5 m).This is probably due to the habituation of lizards to the presence of humans in the former areas.This study shows that tourism strongly affects the behavior of lizards,which may have consequences for the functioning of the population.Tourists can increase the safety of lizards by creating a human shield to deter predators.Once the tourist season is over,lizards may become more vulnerable to predators.

关键词： anthropogenic disturbance flight initiation distance lizards tourism vigilance behavior

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Breaking paradigms: Long non-coding RNAs forming gene fusions with potential implications in cancer

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 311-323页

作者： David Sanchez-Marin Macrina Beatriz Silva-Cazares Fany iris Porras-Reyes Rebeca Garcia-Roman Alma D.Campos-Parra Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad de MexicoC.P.04360Mexico Unidad Academica Multidisciplinaria Region Altiplano Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potost(UASLP)Carretera a Cedral Km 5+600Ejido San Jose de la TrojesMatehualaSan Luis PotosiC.P.78760Mexico Servicio de Anatomia Patologica Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia(INCan)Nino JesuisTlalpanCiudaddeMexicoC.P.14080Mexico Instituto de Salud Publica Universidad Veracruzana(UV)Av.Dr LuisDr.Castelazo Ayala s/nCol.Industrial AnimasXalapaVeracruzC.P.91190Mexico

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides with dynamic regulatory functions.They interact with a wide range of molecules such as DNA,RNA,and proteins to modulate diverse cellular functions through several mechanisms and,if deregulated,they can lead to cancer development and progression.Recently,it has been described that IncRNAs are susceptible to form gene fusions with mRNAs or other IncRNAs,breaking the paradigm of gene fusions consisting mainly of protein-coding genes.However,their biological significance in the tumor phenotype is still uncertain.Therefore,their recent identification opens a new line of research to study their biological role in tumor-igenesis,and their potential as biomarkers with clinical relevance or as therapeutic targets.The present study aimed to review the IncRNA fusions identified so far and to know which of them have been associated with a potential function.We address the current challenges to deepen their study as well as the reasons why they represent a future therapeutic window incancer.

关键词： Cancer Genefusions IncRNAs ncRNAs Therapy

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Mindfulness Facets and Psychological Well-Being among Meditators:Serenity as a Mediating Process

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第3期26卷 177-187页

作者： Rebecca Y.M.Cheung iris Yili Wang Elsa Ngar-Sze Lau School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences University of ReadingReadingUK Department of Special Education and Counselling The Education University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Educational Administration and Policy The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Guided by the theoretical processes of mindfulness and psychological well-being,this study examined serenity as a mediator between mindfulness facets and psychological well-being,as indexed by depressive symptoms and life satisfaction.Participants were 133 mindfulness practitioners who took part in a 3-day transnational meditation event in Hong Kong.Upon informed consent,participants completed a self-report questionnaire.The findings from structural equation modeling showed that serenity mediated the relation between two facets of mindfulness,including describing and nonreacting to inner experience,and life satisfaction.Serenity also mediated the relation between the mindfulness facet of describing and depressive symptoms.Direct associations were indicated between two mindfulness facets,including observing and nonjudging of inner experience,and depressive symptoms.Taken together,the findings revealed mindfulness facets as major correlates of serenity and psychological outcomes among Chinese meditation practitioners.To foster psychological well-being,researchers,educators,and practitioners should pay attention to the role of serenity,describing,and nonreacting to inner experience in mental health.

关键词： Depressive symptoms mindfulness mindfulness practitioners satisfaction with life serenity

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Experienced Involvement (ExIn) in Social-Psychiatric Care of Germany-Challenges and Chances

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Journal of Sociology Study 2024年第3期14卷 129-142页

作者： Susanne iris Bauer Fulda University of Applied Sciences FuldaGermany

This study explores the integration of Experienced Involvement(ExIn)in social-psychiatric care in Germany,emphasizing both the challenges and opportunities it presents.The European Leonardo da Vinci Project(2005-2007)established a curriculum for ExIn,promoting participatory structures in psychiatric services.While peer support is well-established in other European countries,Germany’s experience is still developing.This research uses a mixed methods design,combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews,to investigate the professional experiences of ExIn recovery companions and team colleagues in German clinics and support services.The findings reveal numerous benefits:for social-psychiatric services,ExIn enhances service quality,inclusivity,and accessibility;for team colleagues,it fosters reflexivity,hope,and trust,and improves self-care;for service users,it provides empowerment,easy access to support,trust,and hope,and offers credible role models.Despite these benefits,challenges such as stigmatization,lack of recognition,and financial constraints remain and require to be addressed.The study highlights the need and provides implications for a dedicated and inclusive approach to effectively implementing ExIn,ultimately enriching psychiatric care through experiential knowledge and reducing prejudice within mental health services.

关键词： peer involvement professionalized peer support social psychiatry inclusion education of social works

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Dual-Fields Rotational Total Skin Electron Therapy: Investigation and Implementation

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： M. Ming Xu iris Rusu Richard P. Garza Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center Warrenville and Geneva Illinois USA Department of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois USA The Austin Center for Radiation Oncology Austin Texas USA

Purpose: To present a protocol of a dual-field rotational (DFR) total skin electron therapy (TSET) and to provide an assessment of clinical implementation, dosimetry properties, and skin dose evaluation. Methods and Materials: The DFR-TSET combined the Stanford 6-field and McGill rotational methods. Dual 6 MeV electron beams in high dose total skin electron mode were used for DFR-TSET on a commercial linac. Beam profiles and dosimetric properties were measured using solid phantoms. The dose rate at expanded source-to-surface distance (SSD) was a combination of static rate and rotational rate. In vivo dosimetry of patient skin was performed on patients’ skin using film, metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET), and optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSLD). Results: Dual field rotational total skin electron therapy exhibited good (≤±10%) uniformity in the beam profiles in the vertical direction at an extended SSD of 332 cm with a gantry angulation of ±20˚ deviated from the horizontal direction. In-vivo measurements confirmed acceptable uniformity of the patients’ total body surfaces and revealed anatomically self-blocked or shielded areas where underdosing occurred. Conclusions: The clinical implementation of DFR-TSET effectively utilizes the special mode on a linac. This technique provides short beam-on times, uniform dose distribution, large treatment field, and reduced dose of x-ray contamination to the patients. In-vivo measurements indicate satisfactory delivery and dose uniformity of the prescribed dose. Electron boost fields are recommended at normal SSDs to address underdosed areas.

关键词： Total Skin Electron Therapy Stanford 6 Field McGill Rotation Therapy In-Vivo Dosimetry

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宁静自若的心中风景

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艺术当代 2024年第1期23卷 105-107页

作者：李丽婴不详

肖江个展“清风拂山岗”是Vanguard画廊在迁入上海的苏州河畔新址后举办的首场展览,也是艺术家与该画廊之间合作的第五次个展。展览名“清风拂山岗”,实则还有下半句:“明月照大江”。这句话出自金庸的武侠小说《倚天屠龙记》,是主角张... 详细信息

肖江个展“清风拂山岗”是Vanguard画廊在迁入上海的苏州河畔新址后举办的首场展览,也是艺术家与该画廊之间合作的第五次个展。展览名“清风拂山岗”,实则还有下半句:“明月照大江”。这句话出自金庸的武侠小说《倚天屠龙记》,是主角张无忌回忆《九阳真经》时给出的口诀。整句话的意思是面对外界的变化和挑战,像清风拂过山岗一样淡然从容,像明月照耀大江一样坦然自若。

关键词：张无忌武侠小说金庸《倚天屠龙记》坦然自若

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Epidemiological, Clinical and Evolutionary Aspects of Human African Trypanosomiasis in Children in Nola

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 344-358页

作者： Brice Olivier Bogning Mejiozem Gaspard Tékpa Synthia Ningatoloum Nazita Jocelyn Tony Nengom Danebera Lydie Verlaine Carine Judith Kiteze Nguinzanémou Rostand Juste Koyangboi Kombaya iris Vanessa Gaspiet Sonny Jean Chrysostome Gody Complexe Hospitalier Pédiatrique de Bangui Bangui République Centrafricaine Service des Maladies Infectieuses H&#244pital de l’Amitié Bangui République Centrafricaine Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université de Bangui Bangui République Centrafricaine Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Communautaire de Bangui Bangui République Centrafricaine Faculté de Médecineet des Sciences Biomédicales Université de Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroun

Background: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) occurs in three historical foci in the Central African Republic. Objective: To describe the morbi-mortality of childhood HAT in rural Central African Republic with the aim of early management. Methods: Descriptive and analytic cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2017 to March 30, 2018 at Nola prefectural hospital. This study was included all children seen as outpatients and/or hospitalized in the pediatric wards, in whom the diagnosis of HAT was confirmed. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi-info software. Results: Forty children were included from Bilolo (60%), Nola (30%) and Salo (10%). The sex ratio was 0.66 with a median age of 8.65 ± 12.48 years. Fever (82.5%), nocturnal insomnia (75%), daytime somnolence (67.5%), headache (65%), polyarthralgia (62.5%), convulsions 52.5% (n = 21), tremor (27.5%), trypanidism (7.5%) and delirium (2.5%) were the main functional signs. Examination signs were adenopathy (52.5%), paresthesia (30%), decreased cutaneous-abdominal reflexes (25%) and osteoarticular reflexes (17.5%), hyperesthesia (20%), extrapyramidal hypertonia (15%) and depression (2.5%). The children were in the lymphatic-blood phase in 65% of cases, and meningoencephalitis in 35%. Pentamidine was administered in 65% of cases. Four children died and 6 had neurological sequelae. There was an association between age under 5, Bilolo’s focus, the children’s history and the severity of the disease. Age under 5, gender, household, children’s activity, history and occurrence of sequelae were also associated. Conclusion: HAT remains a permanent threat to Central African children. Any clinical presentation combining long-term infectious signs and unexplained neurological or neuropsychological disorders must be treated with caution.

关键词： Morbidity-Mortality Child HAT Nola CAR

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Depressive disorder and antidepressants from an epigenetic point of view

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第9期12卷 1150-1168页

作者： iris Šalamon Arčan Katarina Kouter Alja Videtič Paska Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana SI-1000Slovenia

Depressive disorder is a complex,heterogeneous disease that affects approximately 280 million people worldwide.Environmental,genetic,and neurobiological factors contribute to the depressive state.Since the nervous system is susceptible to shifts in activity of epigenetic modifiers,these allow for significant plasticity and response to rapid changes in the environment.Among the most studied epigenetic modifications in depressive disorder is DNA methylation,with findings centered on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene,the glucocorticoid receptor gene,and the serotonin transporter gene.In order to identify biomarkers that would be useful in clinical settings,for diagnosis and for treatment response,further research on antidepressants and alterations they cause in the epigenetic landscape throughout the genome is needed.Studies on cornerstone antidepressants,such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors,selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors,norepinephrine,and dopamine reuptake inhibitors and their effects on depressive disorder are available,but systematic conclusions on their effects are still hard to draw due to the highly heterogeneous nature of the studies.In addition,two novel drugs,ketamine and esketamine,are being investigated particularly in association with treatment of resistant depression,which is one of the hot topics of contemporary research and the field of precision psychiatry.

关键词： Epigenetics Depression DNA methylation Histone tail modification microRNA Antidepressants

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Epigenetics in psychiatry:Beyond DNA methylation

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第6期13卷 319-330页

作者： Katarina Kouter irisŠalamon Arčan Alja VidetičPaska Faculty of Medicine Institute of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Faculty of Medicine Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

The global burden of psychopathologies appears to be underestimated,since the global psychiatric disorder burden is exceeding other medical burdens.To be able to address this problem more effectively,we need to better understand the etiology of psychiatric disorders.One of the hallmarks of psychiatric disorders appears to be epigenetic dysregulation.While some epigenetic modifications(such as DNA methylation)are well known and studied,the roles of others have been investigated much less.DNA hydroxymethylation is a rarely studied epigenetic modification,which as well as being an intermediate stage in the DNA demethylation cycle is also an independent steady cell state involved in neurodevelopment and plasticity.In contrast to DNA methylation,DNA hydroxymethylation appears to be related to an increase in gene expression and subsequent protein expression.Although no particular gene or genetic locus can be at this point linked to changes in DNA hydroxymethylation in psychiatric disorders,the epigenetic marks present good potential for biomarker identification because the epigenetic landscape is a result of the interplay between genes and environment,which both influence the development of psychiatric disorders,and because hydoxymethylation changes are particularly enriched in the brain and in synapse-related genes.

关键词： Mood disorders Suicide Schizophrenia Bipolar disorder Hydroxymethylation 5-hydroxymethycytosine Gene expression

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