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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第1期16卷 95-103页

作者： Mazhar H.Tunio Jianmin Gao Tarek M.K.Mohamed Fiaz Ahmad irfan abbas Sher Ali Shaikh School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the comparison of nutrient use efficiency,antioxidant assay,and nutritional quality of butter-head lettuce in five cultivation *** this experimental study,a split-boxes experimental arrangement in a completely randomized design(CRD)with three aeroponics systems(high pressure(T1),low pressure(T2),and ultrasonic nozzle(T3)),hydroponic system(T4),and conventional cultivation system(T5)was *** analyses of variance(ANOVA)were employed to assess yield,chlorophyll content,relative water content(RWC),nutrient use efficiency(NUE),2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DDPH),Hydrogen Peroxide(H2O2),Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power(FRAP),total phenolic(TPC),flavonoid content(TFC)and nutritional quality of butter-head *** experimental comparative results indicated that the shoot and root(fresh and dry)weight,root-to-shoot ratio,chlorophyll contents,CWC,NUE,DDPH,H 2O 2,FRAP,TPC,TFC,nitrate,vitamin C,and protein level were significantly(p0.7)among the Shoot(FW),Chlorophyll,RWC,NUE,and among TPC,TFC,DDPH,H 2O 2,and *** study demonstrates that butter-head lettuce grown in aeroponics systems with high-pressure nozzles may serve as a potential dietary source and is rich in natural antioxidants.

关键词： aeroponics high-pressure nozzle phenolic content antioxidants lettuce

Securing Cloud-Encrypted Data:Detecting Ransomware-as-a-Service(RaaS)Attacks through Deep Learning Ensemble

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 857-873页

作者： Amardeep Singh Hamad Ali Abosaq Saad Arif Zohaib Mushtaq Muhammad irfan Ghulam abbas Arshad Ali Alanoud Al Mazroa School of Computer Information Sciences University of CumberlandsWilliamsburgKentucky40769USA Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer SystemsCollege of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering The University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinah42351Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Data security assurance is crucial due to the increasing prevalence of cloud computing and its widespread use across different industries,especially in light of the growing number of cybersecurity threats.A major and everpresent threat is Ransomware-as-a-Service(RaaS)assaults,which enable even individuals with minimal technical knowledge to conduct ransomware *** study provides a new approach for RaaS attack detection which uses an ensemble of deep learning *** this purpose,the network intrusion detection dataset“UNSWNB15”from the Intelligent Security Group of the University of New South Wales,Australia is *** the initial phase,the rectified linear unit-,scaled exponential linear unit-,and exponential linear unit-based three separate Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP)models are ***,using the combined predictive power of these three MLPs,the RansoDetect Fusion ensemble model is introduced in the suggested *** proposed ensemble technique outperforms previous studieswith impressive performance metrics results,including 98.79%accuracy and recall,98.85%precision,and 98.80%*** empirical results of this study validate the ensemble model’s ability to improve cybersecurity defenses by showing that it outperforms individual *** expanding the field of cybersecurity strategy,this research highlights the significance of combined deep learning models in strengthening intrusion detection systems against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud encryption RaaS ensemble threat detection deep learning cybersecurity

Quintessence anisotropic stellar models in quadratic and Born-Infeld modified teleparallel Rastall gravity

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 179-189页

作者： Allah Ditta 夏铁成 irfan Mahmood Asif Mahmood Department of Mathematics Shanghai University and Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Centre for High Energy Physics University of the PunjabLahorePakistan College of Engineering Chemical Engineering DepartmentKing Saud University RiyadhSaudi Arabia

This study aims to discuss anisotropic solutions that are spherically symmetric in the quintessence field,which describe compact stellar objects in the modified Rastall teleparallel theory of *** achieve this goal,the Krori and Barua arrangement for spherically symmetric components of the line element is *** explore the field equations by selecting appropriate off-diagonal tetrad ***-Infeld function of torsion f(T)=β√λT+1-1 and power law form h(T)=δTn are *** Born-Infeld gravity was the first modified teleparallel gravity to discuss *** use the linear equation of state pr=ξρto separate the quintessence *** obtaining the field equations,we investigate different physical parameters that demonstrate the stability and physical acceptability of the stellar *** use observational data,such as the mass and radius of the compact star candidates PSRJ 1416-2230,Cen X-3,&4U 1820-30,to ensure the physical plausibility of our findings.

关键词： anisotropic spheres quintessence field modified Rastall teleparallel gravity equation of state(EoS) f(T)gravity

A geochemical perspective on the genesis of Cenozoic basic volcanism in northeastern Turkey:an overview of metasomatism and heterogeneity of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle in a post-collisional setting

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 489-506页

作者： Mehmet Arslan irfan Temizel Department of Geological Engineering Karadeniz Technical University61080 TrabzonTurkey

The post-collisional Cenozoic basic volcanic rocks in NE Turkey show temporal variations in whole-rock lithophile element and highly siderophile element(HSE)systematics that are mainly associated with the nature of sub-continental lithospheric mantle(SCLM)sources and parental melt *** far,the traditional whole-rock lithophile geochemical data of these basic volcanic rocks have provided important constraints on the nature of SCLM *** lithophile element and HSE geochemical data of these basic volcanic rocks also reveal the heterogeneity of the SCLM source,which is principally related to variable metasomatism resulting from previous subduction(s)and post-collisional mantle-crust interactions in an extensional *** element geochemical features suggest that the parental magmas have derived from metasomatized spinel-to garnet-bearing SCLM sources for Eocene and Miocene basic volcanic rocks with subduction signatures whereas originated from spinel-to garnet-bearing SCLM sources for Mio-Pliocene and Plio-Quaternary basaltic volcanic rocks without the subduction *** element and HSE geo-chemistry also reveal that Eocene and Miocene basic vol-canic rocks were affected by more pronounced crustal contamination than the basaltic volcanic rocks of Mio-Pliocene and ***,the integrated lithophile element and HSE compositions of these basic volcanic rocks,together with the regional asymmetric lithospheric delamination model,reveal that the compositional variation(especially due to metasomatism)was significant temporally in the heterogeneity of the SCLM sources from which parental magmas formed during the Cenozoic era.

关键词： Basalt Lithospheric mantle Metasomatism Mantle heterogeneity Cenozoic volcanics NE Turkey

Assessing Multidimensional Vulnerability of Rural Areas to Flooding:An Index‑Based Approach

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 88-106页

作者： Samavia Rasool irfan Ahmad Rana Hassam Bin Waseem Department of Urban and Regional Planning School of Civil and Environmental Engineering(SCEE)National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Vulnerability assessment is essential for understanding and launching effective flood risk reduction *** study aimed to examine the vulnerability of flood-prone rural communities in southern Punjab,Pakistan to external *** concept of vulnerability encompasses a range of dimensions,including physical,social,institutional,environmental,economic,and *** a composite index method,indices were developed for each dimension and combined to create a multidimensional measure of vulnerability.A sample of 365 communities was selected using the Yamane sampling technique,and data were collected through a questionnaire containing 65 indicators across all *** statistics and ANOVA tests were used to analyze the *** results show that communities near the Chenab River had higher attitudinal and institutional vulnerability compared to other *** attitudinal vulnerabilities were as sociated with poorly perceived flood risks and low preparedness measures,whereas institutional vulnerabilities were driven by conventional flood protection strategies,lack of institutional trust,and lack of flood risk *** research provides insights into the various components of vulnerability in flood-prone rural communities in Pakistan and demonstrates a useful methodology that can be applied to other disasters at different spatial scales.

关键词： Chenab River Flood hazard Indus River Pakistan-Rural areas:Vulnerability to flooding

Computational and bioinformatics tools for understanding disease mechanisms

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BIOCELL 2024年第6期48卷 935-944页

作者： MOHD ATHAR ANU MANHAS NISARG RANA AHMAD irfan Physics Department University of CagliariCittadella UniversitariaMonserrato(CA)09042Italy Department of Chemistry School of Energy TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagar382426India Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia

Computational methods have signiﬁcantly transformed biomedical research,offering a comprehensive exploration of disease mechanisms and molecular protein *** article reviews a spectrum of computational tools and network analysis databases that play a crucial role in identifying potential interactions and signaling networks contributing to the onset of disease *** utilization of protein/gene interaction and genetic variation databases,coupled with pathway analysis can facilitate the identiﬁcation of potential drug *** bridging the gap between molecular-level information and disease understanding,this review contributes insights into the impactful utilization of computational methods,paving the way for targeted interventions and therapeutic advancements in biomedical research.

关键词： Interaction database Disease mechanisms Protein function Network analysis Bioinformatics Genetic variations Protein-protein interactions Signaling pathways

Leveraging Augmented Reality,Semantic-Segmentation,and VANETs for Enhanced Driver’s Safety Assistance

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1443-1460页

作者： Sitara Afzal Imran Ullah Khan irfan Mehmood Jong Weon Lee Mixed Reality and Interaction Lab Department of SoftwareSejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Faculty of Engineering and Digital Technologies School of Computer ScienceAI and ElectronicsUniversity of BradfordBradfordUK

Overtaking is a crucial maneuver in road transportation that requires a clear view of the road ***,limited visibility of ahead vehicles can often make it challenging for drivers to assess the safety of overtaking maneuvers,leading to accidents and *** this paper,we consider atrous convolution,a powerful tool for explicitly adjusting the field-of-view of a filter as well as controlling the resolution of feature responses generated by Deep Convolutional Neural Networks in the context of semantic image *** article explores the potential of seeing-through vehicles as a solution to enhance overtaking ***-through vehicles leverage advanced technologies such as cameras,sensors,and displays to provide drivers with a real-time view of the vehicle ahead,including the areas hidden from their direct line of *** address the problems of safe passing and occlusion by huge vehicles,we designed a see-through vehicle system in this study,we employed a windshield display in the back car together with cameras in both *** server within the back car was used to segment the car,and the segmented portion of the car displayed the video from the front *** see-through system improves the driver’s field of vision and helps him change lanes,cross a large car that is blocking their view,and safely overtake other *** network was trained and tested on the Cityscape dataset using semantic *** transparent technique will instruct the driver on the concealed traffic situation that the front vehicle has *** our findings,we have achieved 97.1% *** article also discusses the challenges and opportunities of implementing see-through vehicles in real-world scenarios,including technical,regulatory,and user acceptance factors.

关键词： Overtaking safety augmented reality VANET V2V deep learning

Expansion of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative medicine

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第4期16卷 410-433页

作者： Shafiqa Naeem Rajput Bushra Kiran Naeem Anwar Ali Asmat Salim irfan Khan Dr.Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of KarachiKarachi 75270SindhPakistan Surgical Unit 4 Dr.Ruth KM Pfau Civil HospitalKarachi 74400Pakistan Department of Physiology University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Research and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesThe Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800SindhPakistan

BACKGROUND Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that possess the potential for self-renewal with the capacity to differentiate into multiple *** humans,their limited numbers pose a challenge in fulfilling the necessary demands for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissues or *** suggested that mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),necessary for repair and regeneration via transplantation,require doses ranging from 10 to 400 million ***,the limited expansion of MSCs restricts their therapeutic *** To optimize a novel protocol to achieve qualitative and quantitative expansion of MSCs to reach the targeted number of cells for cellular transplantation and minimize the limitations in stem cell therapy *** Human umbilical cord(hUC)tissue derived MSCs were obtained and *** cultured cells were subjected to the following evaluation pro-cedures:Immunophenotyping,immunocytochemical staining,trilineage differentiation,population doubling time and number,gene expression markers for proliferation,cell cycle progression,senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase assay,human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)expression,mycoplasma,cytomegalovirus and endotoxin *** Analysis of pluripotent gene markers Oct4,Sox2,and Nanog in recultured hUC-MSC revealed no significant *** immunophenotypic markers CD90,CD73,CD105,CD44,vimentin,CD29,Stro-1,and Lin28 were positively expressed by these recultured expanded MSCs,and were found negative for CD34,CD11b,CD19,CD45,and *** recultured hUC-MSC population continued to expand through passage *** gene expression of Pax6,BMP2,and TGFb1 showed no significant variation between recultured hUC-MSC ***,a significant increase(P<0.001)in the mitotic phase of the cell cycle was observed in recultured *** senescence markers(hTERT expression andβ-galactosidase activity)did not show any negative effect on recultured hUC-

关键词： Human umbilical cord Mesenchymal stem cells Expansion Cell proliferation In vitro expansion Senescence

The temporal-spatial expression and functional analysis of three gustatory receptor genes in Solenopsis invicta using sweet and bitter compounds

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 448-468页

作者： Muhammad irfan Waris Yanyuan Lei Guojun Qi Ziying Guan Abdul Rashied Jie Chen Lihua Lyu Institute of Plant Protection Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant ProtectionGuangzhouChina Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina

The insect gustatory system participates in identifying potential food sources and avoiding toxic *** this process,gustatory receptors(GRs)recognize feeding stimulant and deterrent ***,the GRs involved in recognizing stimulant and deterrent compounds in the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta,remain ***,we conducted a study on the genes SinvGR1,SinvGR32b,and SinvGR28a to investigate the roles of GRs in detecting feeding stimulant and deterrent *** this current study,we found that sucrose and fructose are feeding stimulants and the bitter compound quinine is a feeding *** fire ant workers showed significant behavior changes to avoid the bitter taste in feeding stimulant *** transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results from developmental stages showed that the SinvGR1,SinvGR32b,and SinvGR28a genes were highly expressed in fire ant ***-specific expression profiles indicated that SinvGR1,SinvGR32b,and SinvGR28a were specifically expressed in the antennae and foreleg tarsi of workers,whereas SinvGR32b gene transcripts were also highly accumulated in the male ***,the silencing of SinvGRI or SinvGR32b alone and the co-silencing of both genes disrupted worker stimulation and feeding on sucrose and *** results also showed that SinvGR28a is required for avoiding quinine,as workers with knockdown of the SinvGR28a gene failed to avoid and fed on *** study first identified stimulant and deterrent compounds of fire ant workers and then the GRs involved in the taste recognition of these *** study could provide potential target gustatory genes for the control of the fire ant.

关键词： behavioral responses feeding assays gustatory receptors RNA interference Solenopsis invicta temporal-spatial expression

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 265-271页

作者： Yuen Keat Gan Shiivaa Manjare Birapadian Muhammad irfan Abdul Jalal Norshamsiah Md Din Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia UKM Molecular Biology Institute Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz Jalan Yaacob LatifBandar Tun RazakKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia

AIM:To report the outcome of Baerveldt glaucoma implant(BGI)with Supramid©ripcord use in neovascular glaucoma(NVG).METHODS:We retrospectively evaluated the surgical outcome of the BGI with Supramid©3/0 ripcord stent in patients with *** tube ligation or venting slits were *** was removed after 3mo if the target intraocular pressure(IOP)was not *** success was defined as IOP≤21 mm Hg with(qualified success)or without IOP-lowering medications(complete success).RESULTS:Twenty-six eyes from 24 patients were included in the *** median duration of follow-up was 4[interquartile range(IQR)=1-5]y,ranging from 0.5 to *** decreased by a mean of 24.2 mm Hg(59.7%);from a mean of 40.5±12.6 mm Hg at baseline to 16.3±11.9 mm Hg,P≤*** number of glaucoma medications reduced from a median of 5(IQR=5-6)to 1(IQR=0-2,P≤0.001)at the final *** success rates were 88.0%at 1y,34.8%at 3y,66.7%at 4y,and 50%at *** phase(HP)in the first 3mo occurred in 15/26 eyes(57.7%)with a mean IOP of 31.1 mm ***:BGI with Supramid©ripcord stent gives close to 90%of the overall survival rate at the final follow-up without significant early ***,early HP is still a challenge.

关键词： neovascular glaucoma Supramid ripcord stent Baerveldt glaucoma implant