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Physical activity and amyloid beta in middle-aged and older adults:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 133-144页

作者： María Rodriguez-Ayllon Patricio Solis-Urra Cristina Arroyo-ávila Miriam álvarez-Ortega Pablo Molina-García Cristina Molina-Hidalgo Manuel Gómez-Río Belinda Brown Kirk I.Erickson irene Esteban-Cornejo Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamGD 3015the Netherlands Department of Physical Education and Sports Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Faculty of Education and Social Sciences Universidad Andres BelloVina del Mar 2531015Chile Department of Nuclear Medicine Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Department of Psychology University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA Centre for Healthy Ageing Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia Advent Health Research Institute Neuroscience Institute OrlandoOrlandoFL 32803USA Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Research Center(CIBERobn) Institute of Health Carlos Ⅲ(ISCⅢ)Madrid 28029Spain

Background:One of the pathological hallmarks distinguishing Alzheimer’s disease from other dementias is the accumulation of amyloid beta(Aβ).Higher physical activity is associated with decreased dementia risk,and one potential path could be through Aβlevels *** aimed to explore the relationship between physical activity and Aβin middle-aged and older ***:A systematic search of PubMed,Web of Science,PsycINFO,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and SPORTDiscus was performed from inception to April 28,*** were eligible if they included physical activity and Aβdata in adults aged 45 years or ***-level metaanalyses of intervention and observational studies were performed to examine the role of physical activity in modulating Aβ***:In total,37 articles were included(8 randomized controlled trials,3 non-randomized controlled trials,4 prospective longitudinal studies,and 22 cross-sectional studies).The overall effect size of physical activity interventions on changes in blood Aβwas medium(pooled standardized mean difference=-0.69,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.41 to 0.03;I^(2)=74.6%).However,these results were not statistically significant,and there were not enough studies to explore the effects of physical activity on cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and brain Aβ.Data from observational studies were examined based on measurements of Aβin the brain using positron emission tomography scans,CSF,and *** physical activity was positively associated with Aβonly in the CSF(Estimate r=0.12;95%CI:0.05-0.18;I^(2)=38.00%).Conclusion:Physical activity might moderately reduce blood Aβin middle-aged and older ***,results were only near statistical significance and might be interpreted with caution given the methodological limitations observed in some of the included *** observational studies,higher levels of physical activity were positively associated with Aβonly in ***,further research is needed t

关键词： Aging Cognitive impairment Dementia Exercise PET

Concordance among pulse wave velocity assessment methods: A network meta-analysis

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第17期137卷 2137-2139页

作者： Cavero-Redondo Iván Sequí-Domínguez irene Saz-Lara Alicia Garcia-Klepzig Jose Luis Lucerón-Lucas-Torres Maribel Martínez-García irene álvarez-Bueno Celia Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente CarVasCare Research Group Facultad de Enfermería de Cuenca Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Cuenca Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma de Chile Talca Chile Health and Social Research Center Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Cuenca Spain Internal Medicine Department San Carlos University Hospital Madrid Spain Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay Asunción Paraguay

Tree structure and diversity shape the biomass of primary temperate mountain forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 568-579页

作者： Dheeraj Ralhan Ruffy Rodrigo Heather Keith Annemiek irene Stegehuis Jakob Pavlin Yumei Jiang Milos Rydval Juliana Nogueira Alexandre Fruleux Marek Svitok Martin Mikolas Daniel Kozak Martin Dusatko Pavel Janda Oleh Chaskovsky Catalin-Constantin Roibu Miroslav Svoboda Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesKamycka 129Suchdol16521 Praha 6Czech Republic Department of Forest Science Biliran Province State UniversityBiliran6549Philippines Griffith Climate Action Beacon Griffith UniversityParklands DriveSouthportGold CoastQueensland4222Australia Laboratoire de Geologie IPSLCNRSUMR 8538Ecole Normale SuperieurePSL UniversityParisFrance Univ.Lille Institut Mines-TelecomUniv.ArtoisJuniaULR 4515LGCgELaboratoire de Genie Civil et Geo-EnvironnementF-59000LilleFrance Department of Biology and General Ecology Faculty of Ecology and Environmental SciencesTechnical University in ZvolenMasaryka 2496001ZvolenSlovakia Institute of Forest Management Ukrainian National Forestry UniversityLvivUkraine Forest Biometrics Laboratory–Faculty of Forestry Stefan Cel Mare University of SuceavaUniversitații Street Number.13Suceava720229Romania

Primary forests are spatially diverse terrestrial ecosystems with unique characteristics,being naturally regenerative and heterogeneous,which supports the stability of their carbon storage through the accumulation of live and dead ***,little is known about the interactions between biomass stocks,tree genus diversity and structure across a temperate montane primary ***,we investigated the relationship between tree structure(variability in basal area and tree size),genus-level diversity(abundance,tree diversity)and biomass stocks in temperate primary mountain forests across Central and Eastern *** used inventory data from726 permanent sample plots from mixed beech and spruce across the Carpathian *** used nonlinear regression to analyse the spatial variability in forest biomass,structure,and genus-level diversity and how they interact with plot-level tree age,disturbances,temperature and *** found that the combined effects of genus and structural indices were important for addressing the variability in biomass across different spatial *** processes in disturbance regimes and uneven tree age support forest hete rogeneity and the accumulation of live and dead biomass through the natural regeneration,growth and decay of the forest *** complexities in basal area index,supporte d by genus-level abundance,positively influence total biomass stocks,which was modulated by tree age and *** forests showed higher tree density and basal area than mixed beech forests,though mixed beech still contributes significantly to biomass across *** heterogeneity was strongly influenced by complexities in forest composition(tree genus diversity,structure).We addressed the importance of primary forests as stable carbon stores,achieved through structure and *** such ecosystems is critical for ensuring the stability of the primary forest,carbon store and biodiversity into the future.

关键词： Biodiversity indicators Biomass carbon stock Ecosystem functioning Forest composition Primary forest structure Tree size distribution

The Effects of Different Feeding Practices on the Nutritional Status of Infants below 12 Months Old in the Kumba 1 Sub-Division

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 336-350页

作者： Gillian Nkeudem Asoba Fidelis Sameh Ebong Samuel Metuge Etchu Kaptai Tabe Teh Rene Ning Sumbele irene Ngole Department of Social Economy and Family Management Higher Technical Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Buea Kumba Cameroon Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Appropriate feeding practices are important during infancy for good health, growth and development of infants and children. WHO revised its earlier recommendation of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) of infants from 4 to 6 months of age to EBF until about 6 months of age, with the addition of complementary foods thereafter. This recommendation confirms that breast milk alone is sufficient to meet infants’ nutritional requirements for the first 6 months of life. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of various feeding practices on the Nutritional status of infants 0 - 12-month-old in the Kumba 1 Sub-Division. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020. A total of 341 nursing mothers and their infants 0 - 12 months of age were recruited. Socio-demographic factors and the different feeding habits of the children were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measurements. The overall proportion of infants who exclusively breastfed for 6 months was 69.2% and those who were mix-fed were 30.8% in the study area. The overall prevalence of malnutrition in the population was 61.0%. Among the malnourished children, 53.1% were underweight, 19.6% were wasted and 10.0% were stunted. Though not significant, the prevalence of wasting (21.0%) and underweight (58.3%) was higher among Mix-Fed (MF) children when compared to their EBF counterparts. Feeding practices affected the nutritional status of the infants. Underweight and wasting were observed among infants on Complementary Feeding (CF), although some exclusively breast-fed infants were stunted. Hence, nursing mothers should try as much as possible to practice EBF as recommended by WHO and can practice CF when the child is above six months.

关键词： Exclusive Breastfeeding Complementary Feeding Feeding Practices Infants Malnutrition Nutritional Status Underweight Wasted Stunting

Prevalence of Malnutrition and Anaemia in Children ≤ 5 Years of Age in Some Conflict Hit Areas of Meme Division of the South West Region of Cameroon

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 235-244页

作者： Asoba Gillian Nkeudem Ebong Fidelis Sameh Samuel Metuge Teh Rene Ning Ngede Laura Senge Sumbele irene Ngole Department of Social Economy and Family Management Higher Technical Teachers’ Training College University of Buea Kumba Cameroon Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Malnutrition refers to the deficiency, imbalances, or excesses in a person’s intake of energy or nutrients [1]. Khan defines anaemia as below level of Haemoglobin in red blood shown by a lower number of functioning red blood cells [2]. The crisis in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon has led to several negative effects on children’s living conditions. There has been an increase in malnutrition and anaemia in the South West Region and Kumba in particular. The main objective of this study was “to examine the prevalence of malnutrition and anaemia in children ≤ 5 years of age in some conflict-hit areas of Meme Division”. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 from March to June. We recruited 200 children ≤ 5 years into the study from three hospitals. The regional hospital annex in Kumba, Presbyterian General Hospital Kumba and the Ntam Hospital in Kumba. Socio-demographic factors were assessed using questionnaire, nutritional status was assessed by the use anthropometric measurements and an auto haematology analyser was used to determine anaemia. The overall prevalence of malnutrition in the study area was 40.5%. The prevalence of malnutrition varied significantly (P < 0.001) with the study sites. The overall prevalence of anaemia in the study area was 70.5%. The prevalence of anaemia was not significantly associated with the study sites. The prevalence of Malnutrition and Anaemia in children ≤ 5 years of age is very high in the Kumba municipalities. This could be attributed to the ongoing crisis which has caused a lot of social migrations from rural areas to Urban areas which are safer.

关键词： Malnutrition Anaemia Prevalence Conflict Hit Areas

Trial characteristics and treatment effect estimates in randomized controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine: A meta-epidemiological study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 223-234页

作者： Betty H.Wang Ya-li Lin Yin-yan Gao Jin-lu Song Lang Qin Ling-qi Li Wen-qi Liu Claire C.W.Zhong Mary Y.Jiang Chen Mao Xiao-bo Yang Vincent C.H.Chung irene X.Y.Wu Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Xiangya School of Public Health Central South UniversityChangsha 410006Hunan ProvinceChina School of Chinese Medicine the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Public Health Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Chinese Medicine Syndrome Research Team the Second Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Guangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology Central South UniversityChangsha 410006Hunan ProvinceChina

Background:Previously published meta-epidemiological studies focused on Western medicine have identified some trial characteristics that impact the treatment effect of randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Nevertheless,it remains unclear if similar associations exist in RCTs on Chinese herbal medicine(CHM).Further,Chinese medicine-related characteristics have not been explored ***:To investigate trial characteristics related to treatment effect estimates on CHM *** strategy:This meta-epidemiological study searched 5 databases for systematic reviews on CHM treatment published between January 2011 and July *** criteria:An eligible systematic review should only include RCTs of CHM and conduct at least one *** extraction and analysis:Two reviewers independently conducted data extraction on general characteristics of systematic reviews,meta-analyses and included *** also assessed the risk of bias of RCTs using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.A two-step approach was used for data *** ratio of odds ratios(ROR) and difference in standardized mean differences (dSMD) with 95%confidence interval (CI) were applied to present the difference in effect estimates for binary and continuous outcomes,***:Ninety-one systematic reviews,comprising 1338 RCTs were *** binary outcomes,RCTs incorporated with syndrome differentiation (ROR:1.23;95%CI:[1.07,1.39]),adopting Chinese medicine formula (ROR:1.19;95%CI:[1.03,1.34]),with low risk of bias on incomplete outcome data (ROR:1.29;95%CI:[1.06,1.52]) and selective outcome reporting (ROR:1.12;95%CI:[1.01,1.24]),as well as a trial size≥100 (ROR:1.23;95%CI:[1.04,1.42]) preferred to show larger effect *** for continuous outcomes,RCTs with Chinese medicine diagnostic criteria (dSMD:0.23;95%CI:[0.06,0.41]),judged as high/unclear risk of bias on allocation concealment (dSMD:-0.70;95%CI:[-0.99,-0.42]),with low risk of bias on incomplete outcome data (dSMD:0.30

关键词： Chinese herbal medicine Randomized controlled trial Risk of bias Meta-epidemiological study Effect estimates

Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： irene Navarro-Lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel F.López-Aranda Juan F.López-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar U.Khan Laboratory of Neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDNF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

Using intersectional gender analysis to identify challenges in tuberculosis care at four health care facilities in Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 91-91页

作者： Winters Muttamba Samson Omongot irene Najingo Roseline Nuwarinda Esther Buregyeya Mariam Otmani del Barrio Rosemary Morgan Bruce Kirenga Sarah Ssali Makerere University Lung Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda Division of Infection and Global Health School of Medicine University of St Andrews St. Andrews UK Infectious Disease Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda School of Public Health Makerere University Kampala Uganda UNICEF UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA School of Women and Gender Studies Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Background Tuberculosis(TB)care could be considered as a continuum from symptom recognition,decision to seek care,diagnosis,treatment initiation and treatment completion,with care along the continuum influenced by several *** dimensions could influence TB care,and indeed,more men than women are diagnosed with TB each *** study was done to identify social stratifiers that intersect with gender to influence TB *** A cross-sectional qualitative study was done at four health facilities in 3 districts in central Uganda between October 2020 and December *** was collected from patients seeking a diagnosis or on TB treat-ment through focus group discussions and key informant *** themes around gender guided by a gender and intersectionality lens were developed and thereafter thematic content analysis was *** Women have increased vulnerability to TB due to bio mass exposure through roles like *** have increased access to health care services as they interface with the health care system frequently given their role as child bearers and child care *** have a duty to provide for their families and this most often is prioritised over healthcare seeking,and together with belief that they are powerful beings leads to poor healthcare seeking hab-its and delays in healthcare *** on when and where to seek care were not straightforward for women,who most often rely on their husbands/partners to make *** Men and women experience challenges to TB care,and that these challenges are deeply rooted in roles assigned to them and further compounded by *** challenges need to be addressed through intersec-tional gender responsive interventions if TB control is to be improved.

关键词： Tuberculosis Gender Intersectionality Masculinity

Laparoscopic Orchidopexy after 4 Weeks of Testicular Traction with Preservation of Blood Supply: A New Concept for the Treatment of Intra-Abdominal Cryptorchidism: Original Article

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 205-217页

作者： Ntsobe Tobie Eric Haijin Liu Nyanit Bob Dorcas Wei Peng Feng Chen Ndikontar Raymond Kouna Tsala irene Nadine Qian Liu Surgery Department Garoua General Hospital Garoua Cameroon Paediatric Surgery Department First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College Ganzhou China Paediatric Surgery Department China Medical University Shenyang China Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Paediatric Surgery Department Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon China Traditional Medicine University Nanchang China

Background: Testicular atrophy is recurrent after orchidopexy for intra-abdominal cryptorchidism due to damage to vessels. Fowlers-Stephens and Shehata methods proposed staged orchidopexy, but are still associated to a rate of atrophy greater than 10%. Purpose: We set out to present a new technique that preserves testicular vessels. Our study is aimed at investigating testicular vitality after surgery. Patients and Method: We reviewed files of boys who underwent orchidopexy for 2 years in our department. Those who have been operated for intra-abdominal cryptorchidism with the new technique and aged between 6 months and 14 years old were included in our study. We excluded boys who have been operated before 6 months and after 14 years old and those who did not respect their follow-up plane. Ultrasound (US) outcomes were used to measure testicular volumes and blood flow at each postoperative visit. The Sample population was divided into group A and group B representing testes that were followed respectively for 12 and 24 months. Results: 22 boys with 25 testes were included in our study;11 testes in group A and 14 testes in group B. In each group, we noted a significant difference of UDT volumes from the third month after surgery with respective P-values 0.05. There was no statistical difference between UDT and contra lateral testes volumes 12 months after surgery in group A and 24 months in group B with respective P-values of 0.07 and 0.72. All volume differential indexes were Conclusion: This method offers a new perspective in performing safe orchidopexy for intra abdominal undescended testes.

关键词： Laparoscopy Staged-Orchidopexy Testicar Traction Testicular Atrophy