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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the ocular surface

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第27期10卷 9619-9627页

作者： Ana Marta Joao Heitor Marques Daniel Almeida Diana José Paulo Sousa irene Barbosa Department of Ophthalmology Centro Hospitalar Universitário do PortoPorto 4099-001Portugal

BACKGROUND There have been increased reports of dry eyes in the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic *** To analyze the differences in tear film properties from pre-and post-pandemic of the COVID-19 *** It was a retrospective comparative *** were divided into three groups according to the data of multimodal ocular surface evaluation:(1) Group 1 if it was before Portugal lockdown decision(from August 2019 to March 2020);(2) Group 2 if it was after Portugal lockdown decision but without mask mandate(from April 2020 to October 2020);and(3) Group 3 if it was after Portugal lockdown but with mask mandate in health public highway(from November 2020 to April 2021).The following variables were analyzed:Lipid layer thickness,blink rate,Schirmer test,tear meniscus height,tear osmolarity,non-invasive break-up time,and loss area of the meibomian *** The study included 548 eyes of 274 patients,aged 18 years to 89 years,with a mean age of 66.15 ± 13.40 years at the time of multimodal ocular surface *** to group 1:(1) Mean lipid layer thickness was better in group 2(P = 0.001) and group 3(P < 0.001);(2) Schirmer test was similar in group 2(P = 0.576) and better in group 3(P = 0.002);(3) Tear osmolarity and loss area of the meibomian glands were worse in group 2(P = 0.031 and P < 0.001,respectively) and in group 3(both with P < 0.001);(4) Blink rate and tear meniscus height were similar in group 2(P = 0.821 and P = 0.370,respectively) and worse in group 3(P < 0.001 and P = 0.038,respectively);and(5) Non-invasive break-up time was worse in group 2(P = 0.030) and similar in group 3(P = 0.263).CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that differences existed in tear film properties comparing data from the pre-and post-pandemic of the COVID-19 era.

关键词： Ocular surface Dry eye Face masks Mask-associated dry eye COVID-19 pandemic

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Biliary complications after liver transplantation:A computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging pictorial review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第21期29卷 3257-3268页

作者： Federica Vernuccio irene Mercante Xiao-Xiao Tong Filippo Crimì Umberto Cillo Emilio Quaia Department of Radiology University Hospital of PadovaPadova 35128Italy Department of Radiology-DIMED University of PadovaPadova 35128Italy Department of Surgery Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplant CenterOncology and Gastroenterology(DISCOG)University of PadovaPadova 35128Italy

Biliary complications are the most common complications after liver *** tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)are cornerstones for timely diagnosis of biliary complications after liver *** diagnosis of these complications by CT and MRI requires expertise,mainly with respect to identifying subtle early signs to avoid missed or incorrect *** example,biliary strictures may be misdiagnosed on MRI due to size mismatch of the common ducts of the donor and recipient,postoperative edema,pneumobilia,or susceptibility artifacts caused by surgical *** and prompt diagnosis of biliary complications after transplantation allows the timely initiation of appropriate *** aim of this pictorial review is to illustrate various CT and MRI findings related to biliary complications after liver transplantation,based on time of presentation after surgery and frequency of occurrence.

关键词： Liver transplantation Biliary Complications Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Hepatic imaging Biliary tract Cholangiopancreatography Stricture

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Altitudinal seasonality as a potential driver of morphological diversification in rear-edge bird populations

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 267-274页

作者： José Luis Tellería irene Hernández-Tellez Iván de la Hera José Ignacio Aguirre Alejandro Onrubia Department of Biodiversity Ecology and EvolutionUniversidad Complutense28040MadridSpain Department of Integrative Biology Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Fundaci on Migres Tarifa11380CadizSpain

Populations at the low latitude limits of a species range(rear-edge populations)are often considered more vulnerable to climate ***,their ability to track different environmental settings at a regional scale has been widely overlooked,although this may be relevant to accurately assess their adaptive capacity to cope with ongoing *** we tested whether the endemic African Chaffinch(Fringilla coelebs africana)tracks environmental changes(*** temperatures,snow cover)by rearranging their numbers between seasons(spring ***)along the altitude gradients of its northwestern African *** additionally tested whether these seasonal changes in abundance were paralleled by morphological variation,suggesting a process of population *** assessed African Chaffinch abundance in tree covered farmland and woodland sites distributed along an altitude gradient in spring and *** addition,we captured and measured chaffinches within the study gradient to explore the patterns of morphological *** results showed that chaffinches shifted to lowlands from snow covered highlands during *** addition,highland individuals showed longer and more concave wings than their lowland *** morphological traits are usually related to flight efficiency in migratory birds,which suggest the presence of altitudinal movements aimed to track the environmental seasonality caused by *** results suggest a potential role of altitudinal seasonality as a driver of regional diversification within the African Chaffinch populations,which could be occurring in other North African avian species given their relatively high endemicity in the *** evolutionary and conservation implications of these displacements have been often overlooked despite they can shape the adaptive capacity of rear-edge bird populations to face the ongoing environmental changes in this peripheral area of the Palearctic.

关键词： Altitudinal movements Flight apparatus Population diversification Snow cover effects

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第9期13卷 668-682页

作者： Maria irene Bellini irene Urciuoli Giovanni Del Gaudio Giorgia Polti Giovanni Iannetti Elena Gangitano Eleonora Lori Carla Lubrano Vito Cantisani Salvatore Sorrenti Vito D’Andrea Department of Surgical Sciences Sapienza University of RomeRome 00161Italy Department of Radiological Sciences Oncology and PathologySapienza University of RomeRome 00161Italy Department of Experimental Medicine Section of Medical PhysiopathologyFood Science and EndocrinologySapienza University of RomeRome 00161Italy

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most prevalent chronic liver disease in the world and represents a clinical-histopathologic entity where the steatosis component may vary in degree and may or may not have fibrotic *** key concept of NAFLD pathogenesis is excessive triglyceride hepatic accumulation because of an imbalance between free fatty acid influx and *** epidemiological,biochemical,and therapeutic evidence supports the premise that the primary pathophysiological derangement in most patients with NAFLD is insulin resistance;thus the association between diabetes and NAFLD is widely recognized in the *** NAFLD is the hepatic manifestation of a metabolic disease,it is also associated with a higher cardiovascular *** B-mode ultrasound is widely adopted as a first-line imaging modality for hepatic steatosis,although magnetic resonance imaging represents the gold standard noninvasive modality for quantifying the amount of fat in these *** of NAFLD patients depends on the disease severity,ranging from a more benign condition of nonalcoholic fatty liver to nonalcoholic *** from alcohol,a Mediterranean diet,and modification of risk factors are recommended for patients suffering from NAFLD to avoid major cardiovascular events,as per all diabetic *** addition,weight loss induced by bariatric surgery seems to also be effective in improving liver features,together with the benefits for diabetes control or resolution,dyslipidemia,and ***,liver transplantation represents the ultimate treatment for severe nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and is growing rapidly as a main indication in Western *** review offers a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to NAFLD,highlighting its connection with diabetes.

关键词： Bariatric surgery Diabetes Hepatic steatosis Liver fibrosis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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A combined treatment for patients with dry eye and associated laryngopharyngeal reflux:a real-life approach

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国际眼科杂志:英文版 2023年第10期16卷 1616-1622页

作者： Giorgio Ciprandi Stefano Bonini irene Schiavetti Valerio Damiani Study Group on Dry-Eye Pragmatical Management Allergy Clinic Casa di Cura Villa MontallegroGenoa 16145Italy Ophthalmology Complex Operative Unit University Campus Bio-MedicoRome 00100Italy Health Science Department University of GenoaGenoa 16142Italy Medical Department DMGPomezia 00070Italy 不详

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of administering a combined therapy in patients with dry eye syndrome(DES)and associated laryngopharyngeal reflux(LPR).METHODS:The study was retrospective,open,observational,and conducted in a real-life *** had pathological symptom assessment in dry eye(SANDE)and reflux symptom index(RSI)at *** were re-assessed after 1mo and at the end of *** treatment consisted of a three-month course based on the combined therapy:Gastroftal eye drops,one drop three times a day,and Gastroftal tablets,two tablets after lunch and two tablets after *** break-up-time(TBUT)test,Schirmer test,RSI,and SANDE questionnaire were ***:The study included 253 *** mean age was 58±*** test score and Schirmer’s test significantly increased(both P<0.001)after 1mo and at the end of *** RSI score and SANDE scores significantly decreased(both P<0.001)after 1mo and at the end of ***:The current,retrospective,and open study shows that combined therapy using Gastroftal eye drops and tablets could represent a valuable option in managing patients with DES associated with LPR.

关键词： dry eye syndrome laryngopharyngeal reflux combined therapy hyaluronic acid alginate Camelia sinensis real-life

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Exploring the type of social support available to aged male hypertensive clients in Ghana

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Frontiers of Nursing 2022年第2期9卷 225-231页

作者： James Konir Zufaa Akon Emmanuel Ndiok irene Korkoi Aboh Philomina Wooley Department of Male Medical Ejura Municipal HospitalEjuraGhana Department of School of Nursing Science Faculty of Allied Medical SciencesUniversity of CalabarCalabarNigeria/Garden City University CollegeKenyase-KumasiGhana Department of Adult Health School of Nursing and MidwiferyUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Indexing and Examination Nurses and Midwifery Council of GhanaAccraGhana

Objective: To explores the social support available to aged hypertensive male clients in a municipality in ***: The inclusion criteria were as follows: age ≥60 years and are known hypertensive patients. Data were collected from 186 selected aged male hypertensive patients for 3 months. The questionnaire was self-developed and open-ended. The data were processed and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Some of the variables were subjected to statistical tests and ranks in the order of impor tance to respondents. The enrolled respondents were allowed to par ticipate in the study after their informed consent was obtained. It was evident that respondents do not obtain much support or help in taking care of their ***: The result revealed that the repondents has no support to help take care of their condition as evident by the responses in the study. The scores on average mean for some variables are(AM = 2.25, SD = 0.381) more than the test value of 2.50. Some of these supports were on feeding support(M = 3.97, SD = 0.278, n = 186), health support(M = 2.87, SD = 0.167, n = 186), and cleaning support(M = 2.59, SD = 0.868, n = 186). Supports such as clothing, socialization, medication, washing, transportation, and financial support were ***: Based on the finding that certain forms of support were lacking, the study concludes that steps undertaken by the government, community, religious bodies, and family toward improving these supports can be of immense help for aged male hypertensive patients living in the Ejura-Sekyedumase municipality.

关键词： aged male Ghana hypertension social support

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A Secure and Efficient Signature Scheme for IoT in Healthcare

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 6151-6168页

作者： Latika Kakkar Deepali Gupta Sarvesh Tanwar Sapna Saxena Khalid Alsubhi Divya Anand irene Delgado Noya Nitin Goyal Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityPunjab140401India AIIT Amity UniversityNoida201313India Chitkara School of Engineering&Technology Chitkara UniversityHP174103India Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah37848Saudi Arabia Lovely Professional University JalandharPunjab144411India Universidad Europea Del Atlántico C/Isabel Torres 2139011SantanderSpain Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana CampecheC.P.24560Mexico

To provide faster access to the treatment of patients,healthcare system can be integrated with Internet of Things to provide prior and timely health services to the *** is a huge limitation in the sensing layer as the IoT devices here have low computational power,limited storage and less battery ***,this huge amount of data needs to be stored on the *** information and the data sensed by these devices is made accessible on the internet from where medical staff,doctors,relatives and family members can access this *** helps in improving the treatment as well as getting faster medical assistance,tracking of routine activities and health focus of elderly people on frequent ***,the data transmission from IoT devices to the cloud faces many security challenges and is vulnerable to different security and privacy threats during the transmission *** purpose of this research is to design a Certificateless Secured Signature Scheme that will provide a magnificent amount of security during the transmission of *** signature,that removes the intricate certificate management and key escrow problem,is one of the practical methods to provide data integrity and identity authentication for the *** result shows that the proposed scheme performs better than the existing certificateless signature schemes in terms of computational cost,encryption and decryption *** scheme is the best combination of high security and cost efficiency and is further suitable for the resource constrained IoT environment.

关键词： CSSS digital signature ECC IoT security signcryption smart healthcare system

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Barriers to Early Pediatric Cochlear Implantation in Kenya

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第4期12卷 214-231页

作者： irene Wairimu Ndegwa School of Advanced Education Research and Accreditation S.L SAERA University Isabel I Burgos Spain

Background: Cochlear implantation is the best management option for children with profound hearing loss and has received no benefit from hearing aids. Early implantation for these children is associated with good speech and language outcomes. Objectives: To determine the barriers to early pediatric cochlear implantation. Methodology: A qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted at Hearing Implants Centre in Nairobi Kenya from August 2022 to February 2023. The target population was 40 children who had undergone cochlear implantation under the auspices of Cochlear Implant Group of Kenya but data was only collected from 30 of them. The remaining were ruled out because 3 were unreachable over the phone, 5 refused to participate and 2 did not meet the inclusion criteria. Results: Patient file reviews and parental telephone interviews were conducted to collect information and analyzed using Microsoft excel and presented using graphs, tables and pie charts. The analysis of the gender showed 46.67% were male and 53.33% were female. Analysis on newborn screening showed that none had it done. The mode age of hearing loss suspicion was between the ages of 2 - 3 years. The hearing loss suspicion done was done by the mothers at 20 children the reminder being 3 by the father, 1 by a family friend, 4 by the school-teacher and 2 by the child’s grandmother. A total of 17 participants noted a delayed in speech and language, 9 noted that the child did not respond to loud sounds, 4 noted that the children did not turn when called. Once hearing loss was identified, 73% saw the ENT, 17% saw a pediatrician, 7% went to see an Audiologist, and 3% saw a speech therapist. The mode age at diagnosis was 1.5 years. The mode age at implantation was 5 years. The mode time from diagnosis was 2 years. Conclusions: This study sought to investigate the barriers to pediatric cochlear implantation in Kenya. From the results it was determined that factors such as lack of newborn screening, high cost

关键词： Cochlear Implants Pediatric Barriers Newborn Hearing Screening Early Implantation

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A Class of Potentials for Hyperbolic Transcendental Entire Maps

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2023年第8期13卷 483-494页

作者： irene Inoquio-Renteria Instituto de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas (ICFM) Universidad Austral de Chile Casilla 567 Valdivia Chile

We identify a class of transcendental entire maps of finite order, of disjoint-type, satisfying the rapid derivative growth condition. Within this class, we show that there exist hyperbolic transcendental entire maps that generate a large class of potentials which intersect the so-called tame potentials and form a distinct class of potentials. The methods and techniques derived from the thermodynamic formalism are applied to these potentials for transcendental entire maps acting on some subset of the Julia set which is conjugated to the shift map over a code space with a countable alphabet endowed with the euclidean induced metric on the complex plane.

关键词： Thermodynamic Formalism Entire Transcendental Functions Tame Potentials

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Fatty acids in microalgae and cyanobacteria in a changing world:Contrasting temperate and cold environments

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BIOCELL 2022年第3期46卷 607-621页

作者： MARCELO P.HERNANDO irene R.SCHLOSS FLORENCIA DE LA ROSA MARLEEN DE TROCH Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica(CNEA) Centro Atómico ConstituyentesDepartamento de RadiobiologíaSan MartínBuenos AiresArgentina Red de Investigación de Estresores Marinos-costeros en América Latina y el Caribe(REMARCO) Mar del Plata7602Argentina Instituto Antártico Argentino(IAA) San MartínBuenos AiresArgentina Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas(CADIC-CONICET) Ushuaia9410Argentina Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego Ushuaia9410Argentina Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Experimentales(ICBE) Universidad de MorónMorónBuenos AiresArgentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) Buenos AiresArgentina Ghent University Faculty of SciencesBiology DepartmentMarine BiologyGhent9000Belgium

Under the present changing climate conditions and the observed temperature increase,it is of high importance to understand its effects on aquatic microbial life,and organisms’adaptations at the biochemical *** adjust to temperature or salinity stress and avoid cell damage,organisms alter their degree of fatty acids(FAs)***,temperature is expected to have strong effects on both the quantity and quality of FAs in aquatic *** we review some recent findings about FAs sensitivity to climate change in contrasting ***,heat waves may induce changes in the relative abundance of polyunsaturated FAs(PUFA).However,the impact of the exposure to warming waters is different in temperate and polar *** cold marine waters,high concentration of omega-3(ω3)FAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)is promoted due to the activation of the desaturase *** this way,cells have enough energy to produce or activate antioxidant protection mechanisms and avoid oxidative stress due to heat ***,under high irradiance and heat wave conditions in temperate environments,photosystems’protection is achieved by decreasing EPA concentration due to desaturase *** FAs are transferred in aquatic food ***,any alteration in the production of essential FAs by phytoplankton(the main source ofω3)due to climate warming can be transferred to higher trophic levels,with cascading effects for the entire aquatic ecosystem.

关键词： Antarctic Temperate Essential FAs Increased temperature Microalgae Cyanobacteria

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