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Microbiologically Induced Corrosion of Concrete and Protective Coatings in Gravity Sewers

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2012年第3期20卷 433-438页

作者： Marjorie Valix Diyana Zamri Hiro Mineyama wai hung Cheung Jeffrey Shi Heri Bustamante School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia Sydney Water Corporation PO Box 399 ParramattaNSW 2124Australia

Microbiologically induced corrosion of concrete （MICC） and its protective coatings has a high eco-nomic impact on sewer maintenance and rehabilitation. A better understanding of the micro-organisms and the bio- genie acids that are generated in the sewer is essential in controlling the corrosion of concrete pipes and protective coatings. The role of succession of micro-organisms growth in the corrosion of concrete and protective coatings was evaluated in this study. Examination of various sewer pipe materials exhibiting various extents of degradation, including concrete, cement based and epoxy based coating revealed the presence of both organic and biogenic sulphuric acids. This reflects the activity of fungi and the thiobacilli strains. Organism growth and metabolism were strongly related to the substrate pH. Fungi were found to grow and metabolise organic acids at pH from 2.0-8.0. Whilst the thiobacilli strains grew and generated sulohuric acids at oH below 3.0. The successive growth of the organisms provides an impgrtant bearing in deyeloping improved *** better manage sewers.

关键词： concrete microbiologically induced corrosion fungi bacteria

Polymetallaynes and Molecular Metallaynes Containing Platinum,Mercury and Gold for Optoelectronic and Magnetic Applications

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第17期41卷 2159-2178页

作者： Chen Zhang Linli Xu wai-Yeung Wong Departmentof Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kongchina

omprehensive Summary,Polymetallaynes are a promising branch of metallopolymers,in which the introduction of metal building blocks to organic conjugated backbones leads to their unique skeletons and versatile ***,the chemical structures,geometric configurations and functional properties in these organometallic systems can be adjusted flexibly by the appropriate selection of metal centers,auxiliary ligands,or bridging *** recent years,both one-dimensional and two-dimensional polymetallaynes have attracted considerable attention owing to their excellent electronic,optical and magnetic ***,the studies on molecular metallaynes provide substantial insights for the exploration of the structure-property-activity relationships in these organometallic acetylide-containing *** recent research progress of polymeric and molecular metallaynes containing platinum,mercury and gold is discussed in this article.A series of functional properties have been realized in these acetylide-containing compounds by the rational structural design and refined synthetic strategies,leading to their emerging applications including energy conversion,nonlinear optics,data storage and memory,as well as chemo/biosensing.

关键词： Polymetallayne Molecular metallayne Metallated graphyne Platinum Mercury Gold

Vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus: Current knowledge and perspectives

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第9期6卷 643-651页

作者： Chun-Yan Yeung hung-Chang Lee wai-Tao Chan Chun-Bin Jiang Szu-Wen Chang Chih-Kuang Chuang Department of Medicine Mackay Medical College Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department of PediatricsMackay Memorial Hospital Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Engineering National Taipei Uni-versity of Technology Department of Pediatrics Taipei Medical University Department of Nursing Mackay Junior College of MedicineNursing and Management Department of Medical Research Mackay Memorial Hospital College of Medicine Fu-Jen Catholic University

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is a major global health *** by the HCV can cause acute and chronic liver diseases and may lead to cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma or liver *** World Health Organization estimates that approximately 3% of the world population have been infected with HCVand the worldwide prevalence is between 1% and 8% in pregnant women and between 0.05% and 5% in *** the introduction of blood product screening,vertical transmission becomes the leading cause of childhood HCV *** prevalence of pediatric HCV infection varies from 0.05% to 0.36% in developed countries and between 1.8% and 5% in the developing *** children born to women with antiHCV antibodies should be checked for HCV *** universal screening is controversial,selective antenatal HCV screening on high-risk populations is highly recommended and should be tested *** risk factors were shown to increase the possibility of HCV vertical transmission,including coinfections with human immunodeficiency virus,intravenous drug use and elevated maternal HCV viral load,while breastfeeding and HCV genotypes have been studied to have little *** present,no clinical intervention has been clearly studied and proved to reduce the HCV vertical transmission *** section should not be recommended as a procedure to prevent vertical transmission,however,breastfeeding is generally not *** high prevalence of global HCV infection necessitates renewed efforts in primary prevention,including vaccine development,as well as new approaches to reduce the burden of chronic liver *** researches should focus on the interruption of vertical transmission,developments of HCV vaccine and directacting antivirals in infancy and early childhood.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Vertical transmission Perinatal infection Chronic liver disease

Prostate health index can stratify patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on magnetic resonance imaging to reduce prostate biopsies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 20-24页

作者： John Shung-Lai Leung wai-Kit Ma Brian Sze-Ho Ho Stacia Tsun-Tsun Chun Rong Na Yongle Zhan Chi-Yuen Ng Chi-Ho ip Ada Tsui-Lin Ng Yiu-Chung Lam Division of Urology Department of SurgeryQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Urology Department of SurgeryPrincess Margaret HospitalHongKongChina

We aim to evaluate prostate health index as an additional risk-stratification tool in patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance *** with biochemical or clinical suspicion of having prostate cancer who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in two tertiary centers(Queen Mary Hospital and Princess Margaret Hospital,Hong Kong,China)between January 2017 and June 2022 were ***-magnetic resonance imaging fusion biopsies were performed after prostate health index *** who only had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions were further stratified into four prostate health index risk groups and the cancer detection rates were *** of the 747 patients,47.3%had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions *** detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer in this group was 15.0%.The cancer detection rates of clinically significant prostate cancer had statistically significant differences:5.3%in prostate health index<25.0,7.4%in prostate health index 25.0-34.9,17.9%in prostate health index 35.0-54.9,and 52.6%in prostate health index≥55.0(P<0.01).Among the patients,26.9%could have avoided a biopsy with a prostate health index<25.0,at the expense of a 5.3%risk of missing clinically significant prostate *** health index could be used as an additional risk stratification tool for patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 *** could be avoided in patients with low prostate health index,with a small risk of missing clinically significant prostate cancer.

关键词： biopsy fusion biopsy magnetic resonance imaging prostate cancer prostate health index

Microcurvature landscapes induce neural stem cell polarity and enhance neural differentiation

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2023年第5期6卷 522-535页

作者： Ho-Yin Yuen wai-Sze Yip Suet To Xin Zhao Department of Biomedical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARChina

Tissue curvature has long been recognized as an important anatomical parameter that affects intracellular behaviors,and there is emerging interest in applying cell-scale curvature as a designer property to drive cell fates for tissue engineering *** neural cells are known to undergo dramatic and terminal morphological changes during development and curvature-limiting behaviors have been demonstrated in neurite outgrowth studies,there are still crucial gaps in understanding neural cell behaviors,particularly in the context of a three-dimensional(3D)curvature landscape similar to an actual tissue engineering *** this study,we fabricated two substrates of microcurvature(curvature-substrates)that present a smooth and repeating landscape with focuses of either a concave or a convex *** these curvature-substrates,we studied the properties of morphological differentiation in N2a neuroblastoma *** contrast to other studies where two-dimensional(2D)curvature was demonstrated to limit neurite outgrowth,we found that both the concave and convex substrates acted as continuous and uniform mechanical protrusions that significantly enhanced neural polarity and differentiation with few morphological changes in the main cell *** enhanced differentiation was manifested in various properties,including increased neurite length,increased nuclear displacement,and upregulation of various neural *** demonstrating how the micron-scale curvature landscape induces neuronal polarity,we provide further insights into the design of biomaterials utilizing the influence of surface curvature in neural tissue engineering.

关键词： Curvature Neural differentiation Neurite outgrowth Mechanotransduction

Effect of Initiation of Basal Insulin Glargine on Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetes: Real Life Experience from Hong Kong

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2017年第3期7卷 108-120页

作者： Chi-Kin Yeung Fhkcp Fhkam Wilson wai-man Ngai ip-tim Lau Department of Medicine Tseung Kwan O Hospital Hong Kong China Sanofi (Hong Kong) Ltd. Hong Kong China

Introduction: To assess the changes in glycemic control after initiating or switching to a basal insulin analogue in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: A retrospective, observational analysis was conducted using electronic data from a Hong Kong regional hospital. Data from adult patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM, respectively) who had been prescribed with basal insulin glargine in 2008-2010, with recorded HbA1c levels at the time of initiation, at 6 and 12 months thereafter, were analysed. Results: Data from 106 eligible patients were analysed. Substantial reduction in HbA1c and fasting sugar levels were reported in both T1DM (Δ HbA1c = 1.5%, Δ FBG = 1.3 mmol/L p < 0.05) and T2DM (Δ HbA1c = 1.2%, Δ FBG = 2.9 mmol/L p < 0.05) patients after 12 months of therapy. A total of 42% of T1DM and 26% of T2DM patients achieved HbA1c levels < 7.0%. After adjustment, T2DM patients who were insulin naive achieved a statistically greater HbA1c reduction (Δ = 1.7%) than those who previous treated with premixed or basal bolus insulin (Δ = 0.3%) (p < 0.05). Percentage of patients experiencing hypoglycaemia reduced from 69% to 62% in T1DM but increased from 26% to 36% in T2DM patients. All hypoglycaemic episodes recorded were either asymptomatic or mild and self-limiting. Only 4% of the patients discontinued treatment at the end of 12 months. Conclusions: In real life clinical practice, a single daily basal insulin analogue therapy provided effective glycemic control with an acceptable risk of mild hypoglycaemia.

关键词： Glycemic Control Insulin Initiation Insulin Glargine Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Hong Kong

20.231 Gbit/s tricolor red/green/blue laser diode based bidirectional signal remodulation visible-light communication system

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Photonics Research 2018年第5期6卷 422-426页

作者： LIANG-YU WEI CHIN-WEI HSU CHI-wai CHOW CHIEN-hung YEH Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering Taiwan Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong KongChina Department of Photonics Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 40724China

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a recorded 1-m bidirectional 20.231-Gbit/s tricolor R/G/B laser diode(LD) based visible-light communication(VLC) system supporting signal remodulation. In the signal remodulation system, an LD source is not needed at the client side. The client reuses the downstream signal sent from the central office(CO) and remodulates it to produce the upstream signal. As the LD sources are located at the CO, the laser wavelength and temperature managements at the cost-sensitive client side are not *** is the first demonstration, to our knowledge, of a >20 Gbit∕s data rate tricolor R/G/B VLC signal transmission supporting upstream remodulation.

关键词： bidirectional signal remodulation visible-light communication system blue laser

Genome sequencing reveals the role of rare genomic variants in Chinese patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第3期7卷 182-189页

作者： Mengmeng Shi Xinyi Leng Ying Li Zihan Chen Ye Cao Tiffany Chung Bonaventure YM ip Vincent HL ip Yannie OY Soo Florence SY Fan Sze Ho Ma Karen Ma Anne Y Y Chan Lisa WC Au Howan Leung Alexander Y Lau Vincent CT Mok Kwong wai Choy Zirui Dong Thomas W Leung Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Ministry of Education(Shenzhen Base)Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Baylor College of Medicine Joint Center For Medical Genetics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Objectives The predisposition of intracranial atherosclerotic disease(ICAD)to East Asians over Caucasians infers a genetic basis which,however,remains largely *** prevalence of vascular risk factors(VRFs)in Chinese over Caucasian patients who had a stroke,and shared risk factors of ICAD with other stroke subtypes indicate genes related to VRFs and/or other stroke subtypes may also contribute to *** Unrelated symptomatic patients with ICAD were recruited for genome sequencing(GS,60-fold).Rare and potentially deleterious single-nucleotide variants(SNVs)and small insertions/deletions(InDels)were detected in genome-wide and correlated to genes related to VRFs and/or other stroke *** aneuploidies,copy number variants(CNVs)and chromosomal structural rearrangements were also ***,candidate genes were used for pathway and gene ontology enrichment *** Among 92 patients(mean age at stroke onset 61.0±9.3 years),GS identified likely ICAD-associated rare genomic variants in 54.3%(50/92)of ***-eight patients(52.2%,48/92)had 59 rare SNVs/InDels reported or predicted to be deleterious in genes related to VRFs and/or other stroke *** of the 59 rare variants were identified in local subjects without ICAD(n=126).31 SNVs/InDels were related to conventional VRFs,and 28 were discovered in genes related to other stroke *** study also showed that rare CNVs(n=7)and structural rearrangement(a balanced translocation)were potentially related to ICAD in 8.7%(8/92)of ***,candidate genes were significantly enriched in pathways related to lipoprotein metabolism and cellular lipid catabolic *** Our GS study suggests a role of rare genomic variants with various variant types contributing to the development of ICAD in Chinese patients.

关键词： patients metabolism intracranial

Chronic ulcerative gastroduodenitis as a first gastrointestinal manifestation of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in a 10-year-old child

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第18期14卷 2939-2941页

作者： Anselm Chi-wai Lee Kin-hung Poon Wing-Hong Lo Lap-Gate Wong Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine Tuen Mun Hospital New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China Department of Clinical Pathology Tuen Mun Hospital New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China

A 10-year-old Chinese boy who had a history of congenital thrombocytopathy presented with severe iron deficiency anemia secondary to chronic gastric inflammation and duodenal ulcerations. Subtle oculocutaneous albinism led to the finding of diminished dense bodies in the platelets under electron microscopy, hence the diagnosis of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS). Biopsies from the stomach and duodenum revealed a lymphocytic infiltration in the submucosa, but H pylori infection was absent. The gastroduodenitis responded to the treatment with omeprazole while iron deficiency anemia was corrected by oral iron therapy. HPS is a rare cause of congenital bleeding disorder with multisystemic manifestations. Upper gastrointestinal involvement is rare and should be distinguished from a mere manifestation of the bleeding diathesis.

关键词： Albinism Duodenal ulceration Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome Inflammatory bowel disease Thrombocytopathy