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Sexual Behaviour and Contraceptive Usage of Secondary School Adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria

Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2007年第4期18卷 279-288页

作者： A Oladokun io morhason-bello CA Enakpene KM Owonikoko JO Akinyemi KA Obisesan Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria Department of Epidemiology Medical Statistics and Environmental Health College of Medicine University of Ibadan Nigeria

Objective To determine the prevalence and pattern of sexual activity as well as the contraceptive practices among the selected secondary school adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the selected senior secondary school students in Ibadan, following a stratified multistage random sampling technique. Results There were 695 respondents out of which the females constituted 51% and the males were 49%. Less than one third （28.3%） of the respondents have had previous sexual exposure at the time of the study. The median age of sexual debut among the sexually exposed was 15 years in both the males and the females. Bivariate analysis of sociodemographic characteristics of respondents with previous sexual exposure showed that, sex, religion, father＇s and mother＇s educational background and level of class were statistically significant（P〈0. 001）. Further analysis using logistic regression model revealed that male respondents were 3 times more likely than females （95% CI 1.92-4.56） to have had sexual experience while those whose mother had tertiary educational background were less likely to have had previous sexual experience compared with those with secondary and lower educational background （OR= 1.76, 95% CI 1.11-2.77）. Of all the sociodemographic characteristics of respondents considered with the age of sexual partners using bivariate analysis showed that only level of class was significant （P=0. 018）. Less than half of the sexually active males （44.2%） were using various methods of contraception, while 54.4% of the sexually active females were using different types of modern methods.Conclusion It is quite obvious that risky sexual behaviours are in practice among the secondary school students studied and by extension in the country. It therefore means that reproductive health issues especially concerning the adolescents will have to be openly discussed by all with our youths while abstinence/chastity should be

关键词： adolescents sexual health contraceptive usage

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Maternal Tetanus at the University College Hospital in Ibadan Nigeria: A 15-Year Retrospective Analysis

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2008年第1期19卷 43-49页

作者： OA Roberts io morhason-bello BO Adedokun AO Adekunle Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology University College HospitalIbadan Nigeria Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics College of Medicine University of Ibadan

Objective To determine the characteristics of women with maternal tetanus, pattern of presentation and outcome of management. Methods A total of 19 women were managed with maternal tetanus between 1990 and 2005 from the University College Hospital in Ibadan Nigeria. A retrospective study was performed. The medical records of all women managed as a case of maternal tetanus were retrieved from the central record department of the hospital. The pattern of presentation, characteristics of women, the duration of hospital admission, tetanus toxoid immunization, and outcome of care were measured. Results The records of 18 women managed were analyzed. The mean age at presentation was 25.2 ±5.3 years. The patients were mostly single, nulliparous and had primary school education. The maternal tetanus cases seen mainly complicated induced abortion while 5 and 2 other cases were due to childbirth complication and leg wound respectively. The portal of entry of the remaining 3 cases could not be ascertained. None of the patient managed had complete immunization schedule. The average duration of admission was 11.2 ± 6. 7 d. Five women had intensive care with 3 of them requiring ventilatory support. The case fatality rate was 66. 7%. The only factor that significantly improved survival was presence of generalized spasm at presentation （P=0.006） Conclusion The occurrence of maternal tetanus is a reflection of low quality of health care delivery and lack or inefficient routine immunization coverage in any community.

关键词： maternal tetanus Nigeria maternal mortality

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Fire resistance evaluation through synthetic fire tests and generative adversarial networks

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 587-614页

作者： Aybike Özyüksel Çiftçioğlu M.Z.Naser Department of Civil Engineering Manisa Celal Bayar University45140Türkiye School of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences(SCEEES) Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29631USA Artificial Intelligence Research Institute for Science and Engineering(AIRISE) Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29631USA

This paper introduces a machine learning approach to address the challenge of limited data resulting from costly and time-consuming fire experiments by enlarging small fire test data sets and predicting the fire resistance of reinforced concrete *** approach begins by creating deep learning models,namely generative adversarial networks and variational autoencoders,to learn the spatial distribution of real fire *** then use these models to generate synthetic tabular samples that closely resemble realistic fire resistance values for reinforced concrete *** generated data are employed to train state-of-the-art machine learning techniques,including Extreme Gradient Boost,Light Gradient Boosting Machine,Categorical Boosting Algorithm,Support Vector Regression,Random Forest,Decision Tree,Multiple Linear Regression,Polynomial Regression,Support Vector Machine,Kernel Support Vector Machine,Naive Bayes,and K-Nearest Neighbors,which can predict the fire resistance of the columns through regression and *** learning analyses achieved highly accurate predictions of fire resistance values,outperforming traditional models that relied solely on limited experimental *** study highlights the potential for using machine learning and deep learning analyses to revolutionize the field of structural engineering by improving the accuracy and efficiency of fire resistance evaluations while reducing the reliance on costly and time-consuming experiments.

关键词： deep learning fire resistance generative adversarial networks machine learning

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Temperature-and thickness-dependence of robust out-of-plane ferroelectricity in CVD grown ultrathin van der Waals a-In2Se3 layers

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Nano Research 2020年第7期13卷 1897-1902页

作者： Weng Fu io Shuoguo Yuan Sin Yi Pang Lok Wing Wong Jiong Zhao Jianhua Hao Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Two-dimensional(2D)ferroelectric materials with unique structure and extraordinary optoelectrical properties have attracted intensive research in the field of nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices,such as optical sensors,transistors,photovoltaics and non-volatile memory ***,the transition temperature of the reported ferroelectrics in 2D limit is generally low or slightly above room temperature,hampering their applications in high-temperature electronic ***,we report the robust high-temperature ferroelectricity in 2D a-In2Se3,grown by chemical vapor depostion(CVD),exhibiting an out-of-plane spontaneous polarization reaching above 200℃.The polarization switching and ferroelectric domains are observed in In2Se;nanoflakes in a wide temperature *** coercive field of the CVD grown ferroelectric layers ilustrates a room-temperature thickness dependency and increases drastically when the film thickness decreases;whereas there is no large variance in the coercive field at dfterent termperature from the samples with identical *** results show the stable ferroelectricit of In2Se3 nanoflakes maintained at high temperature and open up the opportunities of 2D materials for novel applications in high-temperature nanoelectronic devices.

关键词： ln2Se3 two-dimensional(2D)materials ferroelectricity high-temperature coercive field

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Resolution pattern of jaundice among children presenting with severe malaria in rural South-West Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第7期2卷 551-553页

作者： Osonuga OA Osonuga A Osonuga AA Osonuga io Department of Pharmacology and Physiology University of Cape Coast School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Department of Nursing University of Cape Coast Olabisi Onabanjo University Remo Campus

Objective:To compare the pattern of jaundice resolution among children with severe malaria treated with quinine and ***:Thirty two children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study from two hospitals with intensive care *** were divided into two groups:'Q' and 'A',receiving quinine and *** was assessed by clinical ***:Sixteen out of 32 children recruited(representing50%) presented with jaundice on the dav of *** mean age was(7.00±2.56) *** day 3,tour patients in 'A' and six patients in 'O' had *** day *** child had ***:The study has shown that hoth drugs resolve jaundice although artemether relatively resolves it faster by the third day.

关键词： Jaundice Quinine Artemether Severe malaria South-west Nigeria

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Effect of artemether on hematological parameters of healthy and uninfected adult Wistar rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第6期2卷 493-495页

作者： Osonuga io Osonuga OA Osonuga A Onadeko AA Osonuga AA Department of Physiology Olabisi Onabanjo University Department of Pharmacology Olabisi Onabanjo University School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Department of Nursing University of Cape Coast

Objective:To evaluate the effect of short term artemether administration on some blood parameters in adult male Wistar ***:Sixty five albino rats with body weight of 190-220 g were used for the four-phased study. The animals were randomly divided into five groups. The first-four groups of 15 rats were further divided into 3 subgroups of 5 rats. The drug was administered orally at sub-optimal, therapeutic, and high doses of 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg bw,respectively to the rats for 1 day, 2 days and 3 days. Blood samples were collected by cardio-puncture from the rats for hematology at the end of each phase. The last group served as control,and they were given waterad ***:Artemether caused significant reduction(Pion of the drug use however showed gradual recovery of the depressed indices of the blood ***:The results suggest that artemether can induce reversible changes in hematological profiles of rats by extension man. This can probably aggravate anemia when artemether is administered to malaria patients. Hence, the study supports the use of the drug with cautione specially in patients prone to anemic tendencies.

关键词： Artemether Anemia Antimalaria Hematology Hematological profile Malaria Anemic tendency

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Fabrication of 3D air-core MEMS inductors for very-highfrequency power conversions

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 509-517页

作者： Hoa Thanh Le io Mizushima Yasser Nour Peter Torben Tang Arnold Knott Ziwei Ouyang Flemming Jensen Anpan Han National Center for Micro-and Nanofabrication DanchipTechnical University of Denmark2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Denmark2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark IPU Nils Koppels Allé2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark

We report a fabrication technology for 3D air-core inductors for small footprint and very-high-frequency power *** process is scalable and highly generic for fabricating inductors with a wide range of geometries and core *** demonstrate spiral,solenoid,and toroidal inductors,a toroidal transformer and inductor with advanced geometries that cannot be produced by wire winding *** inductors are embedded in a silicon substrate and consist of through-silicon vias and suspended *** inductors fabricated with 20 and 25 turns and 280-350μm heights on 4-16 mm2 footprints have an inductance from 34.2 to 44.6 nH and a quality factor from 10 to 13 at frequencies ranging from 30 to 72 *** air-core inductors show threefold lower parasitic capacitance and up to a 140% higher-quality factor and a 230% higher-operation frequency than silicon-core inductors.A 33 MHz boost converter mounted with an air-core toroidal inductor achieves an efficiency of 68.2%,which is better than converters mounted with a Si-core inductor(64.1%).Our inductors show good thermal cycling stability,and they are mechanically stable after vibration and 2-m-drop tests.

关键词： MEMS inductor PwrSoC TSVs very high frequency 3D

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Leveraging foundation and large language models in medical artificial intelligence

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第21期137卷 2529-2539页

作者： Wong io Nam Monteiro Olivia Baptista-Hon Daniel T. Wang Kai Lu Wenyang Sun Zhuo Nie Sheng Yin Yun Institute for AI in Medicine Faculty of Medicine Macau University of Science and Technology Macau Special Administrative Region China Department of Big Data and Biomedical AI College of Future Technology Peking University Beijing China Institute for Advanced Study on Eye Health and Diseases Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang China Department of Ophthalmology The Third People’s Hospital of Changzhou Changzhou Jiangsu China Division of Nephrology National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China Faculty of Health and Wellness Faculty of Business City University of Macau Macau Special Administrative Region China

Recent advancements in the field of medical artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the widespread adoption of foundational and large language models. This review paper explores their applications within medical AI, introducing a novel classification framework that categorizes them as disease-specific, general-domain, and multi-modal models. The paper also addresses key challenges such as data acquisition and augmentation, including issues related to data volume, annotation, multi-modal fusion, and privacy concerns. Additionally, it discusses the evaluation, validation, limitations, and regulation of medical AI models, emphasizing their transformative potential in healthcare. The importance of continuous improvement, data security, standardized evaluations, and collaborative approaches is highlighted to ensure the responsible and effective integration of AI into clinical applications.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Foundation model Large language model Multi-modal Data security Medical AI Segment-anchoring model ChatGPT Disease-specific model General-domain model Data privacy Hallucination Data annotation

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Root-knot nematodes: Meloidogyne spp.

Root-knot nematodes: Meloidogyne spp.

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作者： HElekio■lu Professor Cukurova University Turkey

＜正＞ Introduction Meloidogyne spp. cause more damage worldwide than any other genus of nematodes. Some Meloidogyne species can parasitize more than 2000 plant species. Meloidogyne spp. parasitize roots and form comp...

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ON THE TRIBE ZYGINELLINI FROM CHINA(Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)

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昆虫分类学报 1985年第4期 297-300页

作者： Chou io Zhang Yalin(The Northwestern University of Agriculture)

This paper is a report of taxonomic study on the tribe Zyginellini fromChina. As a result of our studies, 2 new genera have been established, 4 newspecies described and 1 species reported for the first time from China. Allspecimens were collected from the Oriental Region and adjacent territories fromthe Palearctic to Oriental Region, including Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan,

关键词： genera taxonomic tribe Homoptera Guangdong Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae characters probably estab

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