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Holocene grassland vegetation, climate and human impact in central eastern Inner Mongolia

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 1025-1039页

作者： HUANG Fei1, Kealhofer Lisa2, XIONG Shangfa3.& HUANG Fengbao1 1. Nanjing institute of Geology and paleontology,chinese {3. of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,china 2. Anthropology and Sociology Department,Santa Clara University,CA 95053.USA 3. institute of Geology and Geophysics,chinese {3. of Sciences,beijing 100029,china Nanjing institute of Geology and paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Anthropology and Sociology Department Santa Clara University CA 95053 United States institute of Geology and Geoohysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijina 100029 China

Phytolith and pollen preserved in the Taipusi Banner paleosol profile, central eastern Inner Mongolia, provide evidence of Holocene grassland vegetation, climate and human impact. The combined phytolith and pollen records reveal a major change in vegetation composition about 5000 a BP. Before 5000 a BP, the vegetation was dominated by Aneurolepidium chinese-Stipa grandis grassland of C4 grasses. After 5000 a BP, C4 grasses rapidly retreated, indicating a shift to colder and more arid conditions. The gradual invasion of Stipa krylovii, Ag-ropyron desertorum, Ephedra, Chenopodiaceae and Caragana reveal the onset of grassland degeneration. Between 10000 and 8720 a BP, the Aneurolepidium chinese-Stipa grandis grassland included a small proportion of Artemisia shrub and Echionopos type plants, implying a strong winter monsoon and very weak summer monsoon. From 8720 to 7000 a BP, C4 grasses were common, indicating a strengthening of the summer monsoon. Between 7000 and 5000 a BP, the Holocene thermal maximum was evident, with a significant expansion of C4 grasses and the presence of some trees (such as Pinus and Betula, and so on) in or near the study site. From 4200?000 a BP, a sandy grassland of Artemisia and Agropyron desertorum together with Aster-type taxa occurred. Precipitation amelioration took place between 3.00 and 2170 a BP, with a rapid development of Echinops type plants and a small expansion of C4 grasses. From 2170 a BP to present, human activities accelerated the process of grassland degeneration.

关键词： phytolith and pollen records grassland environment change human impact Holocene central eastern Inner Mongolia.

PERIODIC TABLE OF CLIMATIC CHANGES

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海洋地质与第四纪地质 1992年第2期 47-51页

作者： Xu Qinqi(institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanihropology, Academia Sinica, {3., 100044, china)Huang Yuzhen({3. Municipal Computing Centre, {3., 100005, china)

The climate changed regularly in accordance with the variation of the average incoming solar radiation in the winter half-year of the northern hemisphere on the Earth’s surface in each oxygen isotopic stage (i. e. Di in Table 1) during the last 73.,000 years. Many interesting phenomena of the nature may be explained with applications of these data.

关键词： astroclimatology oxygen isotopic stage the penultimate glacial Peking Man

SKULL MORPHOLOGY OF THE TRITYLODONT GENUS BIENOTHEROIDES OF SICHUAN

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Science in china,Ser.B 1984年第9期27卷 970-984页

作者：孙艾玲 institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Academia Sinica beijing

Bienotheroides wanhsienensis, known as the latest, representative of the tritylodont groupis characterized by the very short snout, largely covered maxilla and wide and flat basi-parasphenoid region, as compared with the others. In this paper the evolutionary changesof the osteology and venous system of the ear region from cynodonts to tritylodonts aredescribed and the growth and replacement of the postcanine teeth and the occlusion of thisanimal are discussed.

关键词： SKULL MORPHOLOGY OF THE TRITYLODONT GENUS BIENOTHEROIDES OF SICHUAN view

DISCOVERY OF vertebrate FOSSILS AND PALEOLITHIC ARTIFACTS IN DANJIANG SUBMERGING AREA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1996年第3期 233-234页

作者： Huang Xueshi Zheng Shaohua Li Chaorong Zhang Zhaoqun Guo Jianwei Liu Liping(institute of Verterate paleontology and paleoanthropology , {3. academy of Sciences beijing 100044)

In the area to be flooded in the second engineering stage for the Danjiang reservoir, we discovered 16 vertebrate fossil localities and 52 Paleolithic sites in 1994, and collected 603.artifacts and many fossils.

关键词： Danjiang submerging area vertebrate fossils Paleolithic artifacts

A deep-bodied ginglymodian fish from the Middle Triassic of eastern Yunnan Province,china,and the phylogeny of lower neopterygians

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Science Bulletin 2012年第1期57卷 112-121页

作者： XU GuangHui * &WU FeiXiang Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of vertebrates,institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology,chinese {3. of Sciences,beijing 100044,china

The Ginglymodi are a group of ray-finned fishes that make up one of three major subdivisions of the infraclass ***- tant ginglymodians are represented by gars,which inhabit freshwater environments of North and Central America and ***, we report the discovery of well-preserved fossils of a new ginglymodian,Kyphosichthys grandei *** ***.,from the Middle Triassic(Anisian)marine deposits(Guanling Formation)in Luoping,eastern Yunnan Province,*** discovery documents the first known fossil record of highly deep-bodied ginglymodians,adding new information on the early morphological diversity of this *** studies of functional morphology of extant deep-bodied fishes indicate that Kyphosichthys is not a fast swim- mer but has a good performance in precise maneuvering,representing a morphological adaptation to structurally complex habitats (*** macrophyte beds,rocky areas,or coral reefs),which differs from the other members of this group.A cladistic analysis with the new fish taxon included supports the hypothesis that the Ginglymodi are more closely related to the Halecomorphi than to the *** by Felberia,Kyphosichthys,and Dapedium,a highly deep and short fish body type has inde- pendently evolved at least three times in the stem-group neopterygians,ginglymodians,and basal teleosts within the lower neop- terygians of the Triassic.

关键词： deep-bodied fish Osteology Semionotidae Ginglymodi Holostei

A NEW MIDDLE TERTIARY MAMMALIAN LOCALITY FROM SUNITEZUOQI, NEI MONGOL

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1996年第4期 303-304页

作者： MENG Jin WANG Banyue BAI Zhiqiang(Department of vertebrate paleontology, the American Museum of NaturaI History New York 10024)(institute of Vertebate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of Sciences beijing 100044(Department of Geology

A new middle Tertiary locality from the Bai-yin-bau-li-dau commune,Su-ni -te -zuo-qi (County) of Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia), was discovered duringthe course of 1:50000 geological mapping in the field seasons of 1992-... 详细信息

关键词： Nei Mongol Late Oligocene-Early Miocene mammals

THE AFFINITIES OF INTEROGALE AND ANCHILESTES AND THE ORIGIN OF TILLODONTIA

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古脊椎动物学报 1989年第2期27卷 81-86页

作者： Ting Suyin zheng Jiajian institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology,Academia,Sinica

The Genus Interogale was originally assigned to the order *** genotype,*** Huang et Zheng,1983.was erected based on a well-preserved mandible（V6861）from the late Paleocene,Nanxiong,*** the original description we reprepared the snout of the specimen and found that thesnout of ***,especially,I2 is specialized in a very different way from that of anyknown *** represents a late Paleocene tillodont with a distinct derived ***-ther genus assigned to the Order Anagalida,Anchilestes Chiu et Li,1977 from early-middlePaleocene,Qian-shan,Anhui,is very close to Interogale and Meiostylodon in *** represents the oldest tillodont known from *** paper will focus mainly on the revision of the systematics of the two genera,givingmore details on the *** is hoped that the revision will be a significant addition tothe knowledge of the early radiation of the tillodonts and throw new light on the understand-ing of the origin of the Order *** thank *** Minzhen for his support and encouragement in the study,*** Renjie,Li Chuankuei,Qiu Zhanxiang,and Huang Xueshi for their valuable discussion onthe systematics and critical reading of the manuscript,and *** Yongsheng,WangBanyue,Qi Tao,and Wan Jingwen for their suggestions for the improvement of the *** grateful to *** of the American Museum of Natural History for his va-luable comments and for correcting the English *** thank ***,***,and *** of the University of California at Berkeley,and ***-bout of Louisiana State University for their discussion of the systematics and critcal reading ofthe *** photographs were taken by *** *** thank him.

关键词： Tillodontia Interogale Anchilestes

Cut marks and terminal Pleistocene hominids in the Ma'anshan site:Evidence for meat-eating

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chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第19期54卷 3872-3879页

作者： ZHANG Yue1,2,3. WANG ChunXue1,2, ZHANG ShuangQuan1,2 & GAO Xing1,2? 1 institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of Sciences, {3., china 2 Joint Laboratory of Human Evolution and Archaeometry, chinese academy of Sciences, {3., china 3.State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008, china institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Joint Laboratory of Human Evolution and Archaeometry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing 210008 China

In this paper, cut marks on the long bones of class Ⅱ sized animals in the Ma'anshann site are studied. Based on the location and frequencies of the long bone cut marks, the distribution characteristics are analyzed as follows: (1) cut mark frequencies in the lower layer (LL) are much higher than those of the upper; (2) in the LL cut mark frequency of the upper limbs is the highest, and that of the middle and lower limbs is lower and the lowest; (3. In the upper layer (UL) the cut mark frequency, does not spread as orderly as in the LL. The data are compared to those of the experiment and it is demonstrated that values of the LL all fall into the experimental 95% confidence intervals, and the cut mark frequencies of the upper, middle and lower limbs coincide with those of the experiment; while the values of the UL are much lower, of which, those of the humerus, femur and radius are out of the intervals, and the frequencies of the upper, middle and lower limbs are far more different from those of the experiment. It implies that the earlier hominids (of the LL) defleshed the limbs of the class Ⅱ sized animals with stone tools more completely than the later hominids. With the evidence of burning marks, it is suggested that the difference on the roasting behaviors derived the cut mark difference of the Ma'anshan UL and LL.

关键词：原始人类马鞍山证据网站痕迹切口更新世肉类

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A Study of the Lithic Assemblage from Zhoukoudian Locality 15

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人类学学报 2002年第S1期21卷 31-52页

作者： GAOXing (institute of vertebrate paleontologyand {3. ,chinese academy of Sciences P .O .Box 6 43.beijing 10 0 0 4 4,P .R .china )

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关键词： 110 A Study of the Lithic Assemblage from Zhoukoudian Locality 15