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Calculating soil moisture by remote sensing and analyzing hydrologic cycle process in the Yellow River basin

science China(Technological sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 1-13页

作者： YANG Shengtian1 & LIU Changming1, 2 1. School of Environmental sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2. institute of geographic science and natural resources Research, Beijing 100101, China Beijing Normal Univ Sch Environm Sci Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Inst Geog Sci & Nat resources Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

Based on the AVHRR pathfinder remote sensing data, soil moisture, precipitation and evaporation during the period of 1982—1998, soil moisture of all layers of soil-profile (0—1 m) in the Yellow River basin over the 17 years are calculated by the remote sensing model of calculating soil water. The Yellow River basin is divided into seven subcatchments as control sections at the location of six hydrologic stations (Lanzhou, Toudaoguai, Longmen, Sanmenxia, Huayuankou and Lijin). After calculating soil moisture and obtaining runoff data and precipitation data, the dynamical features of hydrological cycle in the Yellow River basin are analyzed for the period from 1982 to 1988 using water balance method. The conclusions are as follows: It is feasible to calculate the soil water on the macro-scale, in the soil profile with temporal continuity by means of remote sensing and survey in land. Some values of the key water cycle factors in the Yellow River are obtained, which include the annual precipitation of 4000 km3, the evapotranspiration of 3000-3500 km3, and the soil moisture transformation of ?500- 500 km3. Consequently, we analyzed the process of the water cycle in the Yellow River over the 17 years, and the results show that the segment upstream of Lanzhou city is a relatively humid region, and the area of internal waters and the reaches of Shanshan is the most desiccated region. Therefore, the runoff in the depth process is intensive and the runoff-generating process is weak in more arid regions.

关键词： the Yellow River, soil moisture, remote sensing, hydrologic cycle.

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Urban Water Supply Industry Marketization of China in View of Public Water Service and Water Resource Management

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Chinese Journal of Population,resources and Environment 2010年第2期8卷 55-60页

作者： Wang Yining 1,2 1.institute of geographic science and natural resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China 2.Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100049,China institute of geographic science and natural resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Started with the discussions on the value orientation of urban water supply industry marketization,the article points out that the current urban water supply industry marketization reform is inconsistent with the goal of public water service equalization to some *** article also analyzes the problems emerged in urban water supply industry marketization reform and various rea-sons in view of efficiency and *** efficiency and fairness oriented management model is built in this article to illustrate how the government should conciliate interests of various communities involved in the process of marketization reform of the urban water supply industry so as to actualize the coordination of efficiency and *** the end,an assumption on urban water price is put forward to help achieve the public water service equalization.

关键词： urban water supply industry marketization public water service water resource management

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The study on Sanmenxia annual flow forecasting in the Yellow River with mix regression model

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science China(Technological sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 118-126页

作者： JIANG Xiaohui1, LIU Changming1,2, WANG Yu3 & WANG Hongrui1 1. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2. institute of geographic science and natural resources, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, China 3. Reconnaissance, Planning, Design and Research institute, YRCC, Zhengzhou 450003, China Beijing Normal Univ Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Beijing 100101 Peoples R China YRCC Reconnaissance Planning Design & Res Inst Zhengzhou 450003 Peoples R China

This paper established mix regression model for simulating annual flow, in which annual runoff is auto-regression factor, precipitation, air temperature and water consumption are regression factors; we adopted 9 hypothesis climate change schemes to forecast the change of annual flow of Sanmenxia Station. The results show : (1) When temperature is steady, the average annual runoff will increase by 8.3% if precipitation increases by 10%; when precipitation decreases by 10%, the average annual runoff will decrease by 8.2%; when precipitation is steady, the average annual runoff will decrease by 2.4% if temperature increases 1℃; if temperature decreases 1℃, runoff will increase by 1.2%. The mix regression model can well simulate annual runoff. (2) As to 9 different temperature and precipitation scenarios, scenario 9 is the most adverse to the runoff of Sanmenxia Station of Yellow River; i.e. temperature increases 1℃ and precipitation decreases by 10%. Under this condition, the simulated average annual runoff decreases by 10.8%. On the contrary, scenario 1 is the best to the enhancement of runoff; i.e. when temperature decreases 1 ℃ precipitation will increase by 10%, which will make the annual runoff of Sanmenxia increase by 10.6%.

关键词： forecast annual flow, mix regression model, Sanmenxia Station

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A distributed hydrological model with its application to the Jinghe watershed in the Yellow River Basin

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science China(Technological sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 60-71页

作者： WANG Zhonggen1, ZHENG Hongxing1, LIU Changming1, , WU Xianfeng2 2 & ZHAO Weimin3 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, institute of geographic science and natural resources Research, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. institute of Environmental science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 3. Water resources Conservation Committee of Yellow River, Zhengzhou 450003, China Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Proc Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ Inst Environm Sci Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Water resources Conservat Comm Yellow River Zhengzhou 450003 Peoples R China

For the purpose of water resources management in the Yellow River Basin with highly spatial difference, a daily distributed hydrological model was proposed, of which the determination of spatially-distributed parameters and model inputs processing were performed by means of GIS/RS. In the model, the computation of runoff yield was based on the topography index method and flow routing was modeled by Maskingum method. The operation of the model is followed by means of “command structure” technique based upon the topography of river network. A case study using the model was conducted for the Jinghe watershed, which locates at the middle Yellow River Basin. The simulation of the hydrological processes in 1996 has shown that water quantity balance errors were less than 5% and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient arrived at 0.7, indicating that the model structure is justifiable, and the precision of the model can satisfy the purpose of water resources management.

关键词： distributed hydrological model, structure and equation, GIS and RS, Jinghe Basin, Yellow River Basin.

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Evolution and Prospect of China's Regional Planning

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China City Planning Review 2007年第2期16卷 40-48页

作者： HU Xuwei, Researcher, Center of Regional & Urban Planning, institute of geographic science and natural resources, China Academy of science, Beijing, P. R. China.QIAN Fang

1. Retrospection on historyAs important section of spatial planning, regional planning is attracting increasing attentions from the governments and the society in China, for its undeniable influ-ence on space administ... 详细信息

关键词： administration speaking attracting municipal provi

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达拉特旗土地利用及水土保持措施现状遥感调查与制图

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水土保持学报 2003年第6期17卷 137-139页

作者：陈燕齐清文中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

达拉特旗土地利用及水土保持措施现状遥感调查以分辨率为30m的Landsat的TM影像为主要信息源,首先确定典型样区,通过野外调查,确定土地利用和水土保持措施的分类系统和建立解译标志;绘制典型样区草图并进行室内判读;野外校核,提交编绘原... 详细信息

达拉特旗土地利用及水土保持措施现状遥感调查以分辨率为30m的Landsat的TM影像为主要信息源,首先确定典型样区,通过野外调查,确定土地利用和水土保持措施的分类系统和建立解译标志;绘制典型样区草图并进行室内判读;野外校核,提交编绘原图。最后分析该旗土地利用及水土保持措施现状的基本特征和分布规律,发现存在的问题并提出对策。

关键词：土地利用水土保持措施遥感制图

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信息模型驱动的信息系统开发与元信息系统

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计算机科学 2003年第3期30卷 117-119页

作者：梁军何建邦中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

The development of Information System has been experienced four phases: Computing Central ,Data Cen-tral,Object Central phase,and Model Central phase under developing. Information Model in UML will be the core ofdevelopment of Information System. In order to manage Information Model,Artifacts of system development (such asmodels, documents ,source codes and components),the development process and the running of information system,an information system of information systems,Meta Information System ,must be built. Meta Information Systemwill become a Computer Integrated Manufacture System (CIMS)of Software Enterprise.

关键词：信息模型驱动信息系统元信息系统软件开发计算机

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统一对象模型——对GIS融入IT的认识

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计算机科学 2003年第2期30卷 49-51页

作者：梁军何建邦中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

The process of manufacturing tools by human being has experienced three stages: material tools,energy tools and information tools. Information tools compose information system in the form of systems. Information systems are mapping of entities and relationships between them in real world. It composes of objects and relationships,objects can be classified into Facility Objects and Domain Objects, Domain Objects are inheritance and extension of Software Facility Objects ,Software Facility Objects are generalization and abstraction of Domain Objects. Information systems are digital model of the real world; the core problems of IT development are modeling the real world. The development of GIS extends the current object model,to construct a Unified Object Model with spatial property. It makes IT modeling the real world more effectually,information is organized and analyzed in the spatial framework,it will improve the unification of spatial and temporal recognition in IT and promote the development of knowledge tools. Current GIS technology is suitable for resolving the macro spatial problems,Micro GIS must be developed to solve the micro spatial problem.

关键词：统一对象模型 GIS IT 地理信息系统空间信息处理信息技术

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of reclamation and cultivation and its driving factors in parts of China during the last three centuries

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Progress in natural science:Materials International 2004年第7期 53-61+97页

作者： GE Quansheng 1, DAI Junhu 1*, HE Fanneng 1, ZHENG Jingyun 1, MAN Zhimin 2 and ZHAO Yun 2(1. institute of geographic science and natural resources Research, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. Center for Historical geographic Studies, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China) institute of geographic science and natural resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Center for Historical geographic Studies Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

Different from other similar studies, in this paper, most of the data were excerpted from historical archives and documents, and were used to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of cultivated land resources in China during the last 300 years. It is clear that these data may help reveal land use change dynamics and its regional differences, but they may be problematic due to the constraints of the original data in the Ming Dynasty, Conversion of Land Area for the purpose of collecting land taxes, and the deliberate or inadvertent omission of cultivated land area during land surveys, therefore, such data were adjusted to our need. In processing the data, we made great efforts to analyze the historical context of their sources and reduced the possible errors. The results show that the cultivated land area increased most quickly in the early Qing Dynasty, and slowed down after the middle Qing Dynasty, and then was stable in the late Qing Dynasty until 1949, and has been decreasing since then. It is also found that the cultivated land use varied greatly in different regions. The east of the country was cultivated much more heavily than the west, but in some western provinces cultivated land area increased more quickly. It is considered that the driving factors of such cultivated land area change include the increase of the population, the political issues, and the impacts of wars. natural environmental factors and the introduction of new crops might also have affected the cultivated land use change in the past 300 years.

关键词： land use China last three centuries.

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Problems and landscape approach for ecological rehabilitation in the dry valleys of Southwest China

Problems and landscape approach for ecological rehabilitatio...

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2009 International Conference on Environmental science and Information Application Technology

作者： Yuhong Dong Yucheng Comprehensive Experimental Station institute of geographic science and natural resources Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100101 China Shiliang Liu School of Environment State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The degradation and rehabilitation of dry valley are increasingly a focus of scientific and applied *** paper reviews the general conditions of eco-environmental degradation and puts forward a landscape appoarch for ***,soil and vegetation degradation is the main cause of the *** analysis and insights into the soil and vegetation degradation phenomena and essences are needed for ***-up approach rehabilitation of dry valleys with farmer’s participation is needed and the relationship of ecological,social,economical factors should be considered and different measures should be ***,landscape approach for rehabilitation in relation to the policy"return farmland into forest" vegetation recovery,and afforestation are discussed.

关键词： degradation rehabilitation dry valley landscape approach Southwest China

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