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A one-dimensional heat transfer model of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and modeling of snow temperatures at Dome A, the summit of Antarctic Plateau

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第5期53卷 763-772页

作者： CHEN BaiLian1,3, ZHANG RenHe2, SUN ShuFen1, BIAN LinGen2, XIAO CunDe4,2 & ZHANG TingJun5 1 institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2 chinese academy of Meteorological sciences, beijing 100081, china 3 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 4 Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research institute, chinese academy of sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china 5 The National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0449, USA 1. institute of atmospheric physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China2. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China4. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China5. The National Snow and Ice Data Center University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA

A vertical one-dimensional numerical model for heat transferring within the near-surface snow layer of the Antarctic Ice Sheet was developed based on simplified parameterizations of associated physical processes for the atmosphere, radiation, and snow/ice systems. Using the meteorological data of an automatic weather station (AWS) at Dome A (80°22′S, 70°22′E), we applied the model to simulate the seasonal temperature variation within a depth of 20 m. Comparison of modeled results with observed snow temperatures at 4 measurement depths (0.1, 1, 3, 10 m) shows good agreement and consistent seasonal variations. The model results reveal the vertical temperature structure within the near-surface snow layer and its seasonal variance with more details than those by limited measurements. Analyses on the model outputs of the surface energy fluxes show that: 1) the surface energy balance at Dome A is characterized by the compensation between negative net radiation and the positive sensible fluxes, and 2) the sensible heat is on average transported from the atmosphere to the snow, and has an evident increase in spring. The results are considered well representative for the highest interior Antarctic Plateau.

关键词： Antarctic Ice Sheet near-surface layer energy transfer numerical model

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Application of the moist vorticity vector in the analysis of a heavy rainfall event in North china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1457-1465页

作者： Zhao Yu1,2,3, Wang Jianguo4 and Xue Deqiang2(1. Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Severe Storms, institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2. Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Jinan 250031, china 3. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china 4. Shandong Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Jinan 250031, china) Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory Jinan 250031 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China Shandong Provincial Meteorological Bureau Jinan 250031 China

The moist vorticity vector (MVV), defined as (ζa×▽qv)/ρ introduced by Gao et al. is used to study a heavy rainfall event in North china. The MVV has zonal, meridional and vertical components in a three-dimensional framework. Analysis of domain-mean and mass-integrated quantities shows that the variation of the vertical component of the MVV closely follows the variation of the cloud hydrometeors, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.95, indicating that the vertical component of the MVV is strongly associated with midlatitude convection. Further analysis shows that the vertical component of the MVV reflects the interaction between the horizontal vorticity and the horizontal specific humidity gradient, which can associate dynamic and thermodynamic processes with cloud microphysical processes. Thus, this study can help to understand how the interaction between circulations and clouds aids the development of convection, and the MVV can be used to trace the development and evolution of heavy rainfall.

关键词： moist vorticity vector heavy rainfall modeling study.

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Regional soil moisture simulation for Shaanxi Province using SWAT model validation and trend analysis

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第4期53卷 575-590页

作者： LI MingXing1,2,MA ZhuGuo1 & DU JiWen3 1 Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia,institute of atmospheric physics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100029,china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 3 Shaanxi Administration of Meteorology,Xi’an 710014,china 1. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China3. Shaanxi Administration of Meteorology Xi’an 710014 China

The soil moisture in Shaanxi Province,a region with complex topography,is simulated using the distributed hydrological model Soil Water Assessment Tool(SWAT).Comparison and contrast of modeled and observed soil moisture show that the SWAT model can reasonably simulate the long-term trend in soil moisture and the spatiotemporal variability of soil moisture in the *** to NCEP/NCAR and ERA40 reanalysis of soil moisture show that the trend of variability in soil moisture simulated by SWAT is more consistent with the *** model results suggested that high soil moisture in surface soil layers appears in the southern Shaanxi with high vegetation cover,and the Qinling mountainous region with frequent orographic *** deeper soil layers,high soil moisture appears in the river basins and *** regional soil moisture showed a generally decreasing trend on all soil layers from 1951 to 2004,with a stronger and significant decreasing trend in deeper soil layers,especially in the northern parts of the province.

关键词： SWAT soil moisture content simulation validation trend analysis

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Diagnostic analysis of mesoscale rainstorms in the Jiang-Huai valley of china with convective vorticity vector

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第5期17卷 559-568页

作者： Cui Xiaopeng, Gao Shouting and Li Xiaofan (Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Severe Storms (LACS), institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation and NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research, Camp Springs, Maryland, USA) [a]Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Severe Storms (LACS) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [b]Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation and NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and ResearchCamp Springs Maryland USA

By the vector product of absolute vorticity vectors and equivalent potential temperature gradients, a new vector, convec-tive vorticity vector (CVV) is readdressed after Gao et al., and is applied to the study of the development and movement of mesoscale rainstorms in the Jiang-Huai valley of china by using high-resolution simulation data with PSU/NCAR MM5 briefly. The results show that the CVV, especially its vertical component which is closely related to interactions between vertical secondary circulations and horizontal equivalent potential temperature gradients, may be a good tracer and diagnostic tool in the study of mesoscale rainstorms in the Jiang-Huai valley of china. And the main physical processes responsible for the variations of the vertical component of the CVV are discussed briefly based on its tendency equation proposed in this article.

关键词： convective vorticity vector mesoscale rainstorms tendency equations.

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Using lightning locating system based on time-of-arrival technique to study three-dimensional lightning discharge processes

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第4期53卷 591-602页

作者： ZHANG GuangShu1,WANG YanHui1,QIE XiuShu2,ZHANG Tong1,ZHAO YuXiang1,3,LI YaJun1 & CAO DongJie11 Laboratory for Climate Environment and Disasters of Western china,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research institute,chinese academy of sciences,Lanzhou 730000,china 2 Laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO),institute of atmospheric physics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100029,china 3 Department of physics,Tianshui Normal College,Tianshui 741001,china 1. Laboratory for Climate Environment and Disasters of Western china Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China2. Laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China3. Department of Physics Tianshui Normal College Tianshui 741001 China

A time-of-arrival(TOA) system based on GPS technology for locating VHF radiation sources from lightning has been developed and used in observation sites in the northern Shandong Province,*** 3D images of the lightning progression have been obtained successfully for the first time in *** 3D-channel evolutions of typical negative CG,positive CG and IC lightning flashes have been discussed together with the data of fast electric field *** was found that significant differences existed between the negative and positive CG lightning flashes in terms of the initiation and propagation of the radiation *** preliminary breakdown of a negative CG lightning flash propagated at a speed about 5.2×104 m/*** stepped leader of negative CG lightning flashes was trigged by negative initial ***,it propagated downward at a speed of 1.3×105 m/*** initial process of the positive CG lightning flashes was also a propagation process of negative *** streamers propagated dominantly horizontally in the positive charge region and accumulated positive charges at the origin of the lightning,and as a consequence,initiated downward positive streamers.A new type of lightning discharge that was triggered by a narrow bipolar pulse(NBP) is discussed in this *** NBP was originated at altitude of about 10.5 km in the upper positive charge *** a distinct difference from normal IC flash,its channels extended horizontally all around and produced a lot of radiation *** source power of the NBP could approach 16.7 kW,which is much greater than that of normal lightning discharge ranging between 100 mW and 500 *** 3D propagation of this new type of lightning discharge was observed and obtained for the first time in *** possible initiation mechanism of this new type of light-ning is discussed here.

关键词： time-of-arrival(TOA) technique three dimensional lightning locating system discharge process narrow bipolar pulse new-type of IC lightning

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EXPERIMENTS OF SEA ICE SIMULATION

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2005年第6期17卷 686-692页

作者： LIU Xi-ying State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics （LASG） Institute of Atmospheric Physics （IAP） Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

As a substitute for the original displaced pole grids, a simple rotated spherical coordinate system was intro duced into the Community Sea Ice Model version 4（CSIM4）, which is a component of the Community Climate System Model（CCSM） of the American National Center of atmospheric Researeh（NCAR）, to deal with the ＂pole problems＂. In the new coordinates, both the geographical North Pole and South Pole lie in the model equator and grid sizes near the polar region are more uniform. With reanalysis dataset of American National Centers for Environment Prediction （NCEP） and Levitus dataset without considering sub-mixed layer heat flux, the model was integrated for 100 years with thermodynamics *** involved only in the former 49 years and both dynamic and thermodynamic processes involved in the left time. Inner consistency of model results was checked with no contradiction found. The results of last 10 years＇ model output were analyzed and it is shown that the simulated sea ice seasonal variation is rational whereas sea ice extent in the Barcnts Sea in winter is larger than that of observation, Numerical experiment on influence of sub-mixed layer heat flux was also carried out and it is shown that the sub-mixed layer heat flux can modulate seasonal variation of sea ice greatly. As a model component, the sea ice model with rotated spherical coordinates was coupled with other models （the oceanic general cir culation model is the LASG/IAP Climate System Ocean Model （LICOM） with reduced grid, other models are components of NCAR CCSM2） forming a climate system model and its preliminary results were also given briefly.

关键词： sea ice numerical simulation climate system model

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Response synchronization: New progress in brain-visual information processing

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第16期44卷 1447-1458页

作者： ZHAO Songnian, XIONG Xiaoyun, YAO Guozheng and GUO Aike1. State Key Laboratory of atmospheric Boundary Layer physics and atmospheric Chemistry , institute of atmospheric physics , chinese academy of sciences , beijing 100029, china 2. Commission of the National Natural Science Foundation of china , beijing 100083, china 3. The Center of Information Science , Peking University, beijing 100871, china 4. Open Laboratory of Visual Information Processing , institute of Biophysics , chinese academy of sciences , beijing 100101, china State Key Laboratory of atmospheric Boundary Layer physics and atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Commission of the National Natural Science Foundation of china Beijing China The Center of Information Science Peking University Beijing China Open Laboratory of Visual Information Processing Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Studies on brain-vision have entered a new stage, after the stimulus-induced y synchronized oscillation of neuron group activities have been discovered in cat primary visual cortex. Naturally, how to understand the visual system became a very important methodological problem. From aspects such as information processing, nonlinear dynamics and neuronal network, some primary problems in vision studies have been deeply discussed, which are

关键词： neuron group (neural population) synchro-oscillation computational theory of vision response synchroniza-tion.

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Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation and its association with the Asian summer monsoon

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第7期51卷 1001-1012页

作者： SUN JianQi1, YUAN Wei2 & GAO YuZhong3 1 Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre, institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2 china Meteorological Administration Training Centre, beijing 100081, china 3 Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory, Harbin 150030, china 1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. china Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081 China 3. Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory Harbin 150030 China

Using correlation and EOF analyses on sea level pressure from 57-year NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, the Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation (APNPO) is identified. The APNPO reflects the co-variability between the North Pacific high and South Asian summer monsoon low. This teleconnec- tion pattern is closely related to the Asian summer monsoon. On interannual timescale, it co-varies with both the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and South Asian summer monsoon (SASM); on decadal timescale, it co-varies with the EASM: both exhibit two abrupt climate changes in the middle 1960s and the late 1970s respectively. The possible physical process for the connections between the APNPO and Asian summer monsoon is then explored by analyzing the APNPO-related atmospheric circulations. The results show that with a strong APNPO, the Somali Jet, SASM flow, EASM flow, and South Asian high are all enhanced, and an anomalous anticyclone is produced at the upper level over northeast china via a zonal wave train. Meanwhile, the moisture transportation to the Asian monsoon regions is also strengthened in a strong APNPO year, leading to a strong moisture convergence over India and northern china. All these changes of circulations and moisture conditions finally result in an anoma- lous Asian summer monsoon and monsoon rainfall over India and northern china. In addition, the APNPO has a good persistence from spring to summer. The spring APNPO is also significantly corre- lated with Asian summer monsoon variability. The spring APNPO might therefore provide valuable in- formation for the prediction of Asian summer monsoon.

关键词： Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation East Asian summer monsoon South Asian summer monsoon wave train abrupt climate change

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Modeling the impact of Australian Plate drift on Southern Hemisphere climate and environment

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chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第14期50卷 1495-1502页

作者： ZHOU Botao1,5, ZHAO Ping2, JIAN Zhimin3 & HE Jinhai4 1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, institute of atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2. institute of Climate and Environment, chinese academy of Meteoro- logical sciences, beijing 100081, china 3. Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, china 4. Department of atmospheric sciences, Nanjing institute of Meteorol- ogy, Nanjing 210044, china 5. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China institute of Climate and Environment Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Department of atmospheric sciences Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing 210044 China

Using a global atmosphere-ocean coupled model with the present-day and 14 MaB.P. oceanic topogra- phy respectively, two experiments are implemented to inves- tigate the effect of different locations of Australian Plate on the atmospheric circulation in middle-high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The results show that when Austra- lian Plate lay south at 14 MaB.P., both anticyclone circula- tions in the subtropical oceans and cyclone circulation around 60°-70°S are strengthened. Subtropical highs and circumpolar low pressure appear stronger, which results in much stronger Antarctic Oscillation and shorter period of Antarctic Oscillation Index (AOI) at 14 MaB.P. The rainfall and the surface air temperature also change correspondingly. The precipitation decreases around 40°S and increases around 60°-70°S, and the surface air temperature rises in high latitudes of the South Pacific and descends over the Weddell Sea and its north side. Besides, due to the changes of the temperatures and winds, Antarctic sea ice coverage also changes with its increasing in the Ross Sea and its west re- gions and decreasing in the Weddell Sea.

关键词：半球气候地球环球澳大利亚漂流物海洋地形学

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Investigation of fine and complex vortex circulation structures

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第10期53卷 1552-1558页

作者： LUO ZheXian1,MA GeLan1 & PING Fan2 1 Remote Sensing College,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,china 2 Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Severe Storms(LACS),institute of atmospheric physics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100029,china 1. Remote Sensing College Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China2. Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms (LACS) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The formation and evolution of fine and complicated vortex circulation structures were investigated using a two-dimensional quasi-geostrophic barotropic model *** find that the highly localized asymmetric and complex configuration of energy transfer flux between large-and small-scale components is caused by the nonlinear interaction between a large-scale vortex with an initial axi-symmetric flow and four beta meso-scale *** complex structure is characterized by a fine pattern,which contains seven closed systems with spatial scales of less than 100 km,embedded in a positive flux wave train and a negative wave train,*** average wind speed decreased with time in the positive flux region,but was nearly unchanged in the negative flux *** pattern reveals the evolutionary asymmetry and localization of wind speed of the major *** track of the major vortex center has a trend toward the center of the negative flux center,indicating that there is a certain relation between the complex structure of the energy transfer flux and the motion of the major vortex *** results imply that the formation and evolution of the fine and complex structure should be attributed to the nonlinear interaction between the vortices at different spatial scales.

关键词： vortex complex structure non-linear interaction energy cascade

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