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Accessible KnowledgemKnowledge on Accessibility

Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2015年第5期9卷 534-546页

作者： inge mette kirkeby Danish Building Research Institute Aalborg University Copenhagen 2450 Denmark

Although serious efforts are made internationally and nationally, it is a slow process to make our physical environment accessible. In the actual design process, architects play a major role. But what kinds of knowledge, including research-based knowledge, do practicing architects make use of when designing accessible environments？ The answer to the question is crucially important since it affects how knowledge is distributed and how accessibility can be ensured. In order to get first-hand knowledge about the design process and the sources from which they gain knowledge, 11 qualitative interviews were conducted with architects with experience of designing for accessibility. The analysis draws on two theoretical distinctions. The first is research-based knowledge versus knowledge used by architects. The second is context-independent knowledge versus context-dependent knowledge. The practitioners found their primary support in context-dependent knowledge, whereas context-independent knowledge was criticized as being too prescriptive. Further, they tended to ask for assistance from the researcher in person rather than reading research publications. The findings challenge research in two ways--first, to produce context-dependent knowledge to structure the first step of the design process, second, to develop new ways to ensure a knowledge flow between research and practice.

关键词： Accessibility inclusion context-dependent knowledge context-independent knowledge knowledge flow phronesis.

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Towards understanding the ecology and mechanisms of biocontrol of Clonostachys rosea IK726

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浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版) 2004年第4期30卷 397-397页

作者： mette Lübeck inge M B Knudsen Birgit Jensen Mojtaba Mamarabadi Dan Funck Jensen Department of Plant Biology Plant Pathology Section The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Thorvaldsensvej 40 DK-1871 Frederiksberg C. Denmark

Clonostachys rosea (syn. Gliocladium roseum) IK726 was originally selected as an effective biocontrol agent (BCA) against cereal seed borne diseases caused by Fusarium culmorum and Bipolaris sorokiniana. We have studied the efficacy of the antagonist against different pathogens in several crops and found that the antagonist also is able to control Alternaria radicina and A. dauci on carrot seeds and different cold-storage fungi in acorns. IK726 is also able to reduce severity of soil borne Pythium spp. in cabbage, carrot and sugar beet. In addition, growth-promoting effects of IK726 have been demonstrated in barley and tomato. In order to develop and improve application methods and control strategies, essential basic studies of ecology and the mechanisms of control of IK726 is needed and has led us to use various molecular tools. The UP-PCR technology is used for strain recognition and we have developed GUS and GFP-transformants that resembles the wildtype strain in ecological fitness parameters. Using either the GUS-transformant or UP-PCR we have found that IK726, when applied with seeds, reproduces and survives several months in the rhizosphere of field grown barley and carrot. The GFP-transformant is used to study the behavior and in situ interactions of the antagonist with pathogens and plants. Using the GFP marker, we have observed conidial germination, colonization and conidiogenesis in natural soil, in vermiculite and on carrot and barley seed and roots and on barley leaves. Moreover in situ interactions with Alternaria on carrot material have been studied. The modes of action of C. rosea are not well understood but enzymatic activity, mycoparasitism, substrate competition, antibiosis and induced resistance are thought to play a role. Barley treated with C. rosea IK726 has an enhanced chitinolytic and glucanolytic activity compared to the activity in non-treated barley in pot experiments with field soil. Identification of chitinases from IK726 and studies of

关键词： Gliocladium roseum biocontrol GUS GFP UP-PCR chitinase.

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Towards understanding the ecology and mechanisms of biocontrol of Clonostachys rosea IK726

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浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版) 2004年第4期 47-47页

作者： mette Lübeck,inge M B Knudsen,Birgit Jensen,Mojtaba Mamarabadi,Dan Funck Jensen Department of Plant Biology Plant Pathology Section The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Thorvaldsensvej 40 DK-1871 Frederiksberg C. Denmark Department of Plant Biology Plant Pathology Section The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Thorvaldsensvej 40 DK-1871 Frederiksberg C. Denmark Department of Plant Biology Plant Pathology Section The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Thorvaldsensvej 40 DK-1871 Frederiksberg C. Denmark Department of Plant Biology Plant Pathology Section The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Thorvaldsensvej 40 DK-1871 Frederiksberg C. Denmark Department of Plant Biology Plant Pathology Section The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Thorvaldsensvej 40 DK-1871 Frederiksberg C. Denmark

关键词： Gliocladium roseum . biocontrol . GUS . GFP . UP-PCR . chitinase.

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