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Role of prophylactic antibiotics in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第7期20卷 1790-1796页

作者： yeong Yeh lee Hoi-Poh Tee Sanjiv Mahadeva Department of Medicine School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKubang Kerian 16150KelantanMalaysia Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Tengku Ampuan AfzanKuantan 25100PahangMalaysia Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

Bacterial infections are common in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding,occurring in 20%within48 *** including early rebleeding and failure to control bleeding are strongly associated with bacterial ***,mortality from variceal bleeding is largely determined by the severity of liver *** a higher Child-Pugh score,patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are particularly susceptible to *** several hypotheses that include increased use of instruments,greater risk of aspiration pneumonia and higher bacterial translocation,it remains debatable whether variceal bleeding results in infection or vice versa but studies suggest that antibiotic prophylaxis prior to endoscopy and up to 8 h is useful in reducing bacteremia and spontaneous bacterial *** gram negative bacilli of enteric origin are most commonly isolated from cultures,but more recently,gram positives and quinolone-resistant organisms are increasingly seen,even though their clinical significance is ***(including ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin)used for short term(7 d)have the most robust evidence and are recommended in most expert *** term intravenous cephalosporin(especially ceftriaxone),given in a hospital setting with prevalent quinolone-resistant organisms,has been shown in studies to be beneficial,particularly in high risk patients with advanced cirrhosis.

关键词： Antibiotics Prophylaxis Cirrhosis Variceal bleeding Infection

INDOOR AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR A MULTI-STOREY UNIVERSITY OFFICE BUILDING IN MALAYSIA

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Journal of Green Building 2019年第4期14卷 93-109页

作者： Abd Halid Abdullah Yee Yong lee Eeydzah Aminudin yeong Huei lee Jamilus Research Centre Faculty of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia86400 Batu PahatJohorMalaysia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia Sarawak94300 Kota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia Department of Structures and Materials School of Civil EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudaiJohor BahruMalaysia Construction Research Centre UTM CRCUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudaiJohor BahruMalaysia Department of Civil and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin UniversityCDT

The indoor air quality(IAQ)in office buildings should be assessed for public health concerns as it relates to work performance and ***,this paper aims to assess the IAQ in a university office *** this investigation,the level of contaminated indoor air is examined,the significant causes and contributing factors of contaminated indoor air are determined and a recommendation to improve the existing condition has been *** physical parameters measured include air temperature,air velocity,relative humidity,and concentrations of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),carbon monoxide(CO),sulphur dioxide(SO_(2)),and also air *** was found that the number of air particles of 0.5μm in diameter is about 197,748 particles/m^(3),while air particles of 5.0μm in diameter is around 534 particles/m^(3).The collected data were then compared with a questionnaire and IAQ *** conclusion,the indoor air quality within the multi-storey central office building of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM)is acceptable and suitable for occupation even though there were countable symptoms of Sick Building Syndrome(SBS)among its occupants.

关键词： air particles indoor air quality university office building Sick Building Syndrome carbon dioxide carbon monoxide sulphur dioxide

Acetylacetone-TiO_(2) Promoted Large Area Compatible Cascade Electron Transport Bilayer for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 221-228页

作者： Hyong Joon lee Jin Kyoung Park Jin Hyuck Heo Sang Hyuk im Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-guSeoul 17104Korea

In designing efficient perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the selection of suitable electron transport layers(ETLs)is critical to the final device performance as they determine the driving force for selective charge ***_(2)nanoparticles(NPs)based ETLs have been a popular choice for PSCs due to superior electron mobility,but their relatively deep-lying conduction band energy levels(ECB)result in substantial potential ***,TiO_(2)NPs establish favorable band alignment owing to shallower ECB,but their low intrinsic mobility and abundant surface trap sites impede the final *** this reason,constructing a cascaded bilayer ETL is highly desirable for efficient PSCs,as it can rearrange energy levels and exploit on advantages of an individual *** this study,we prepare SnO_(2)NPs and acetylacetone-modified TiO_(2)(Acac-TiO_(2))NPs and implement them as bilayer SnO_(2)/Acac-TiO_(2)(BST)ETL,to assemble cascaded energy band ***_(2)contributes to rapid charge carrier transport from high electron mobility while Acac-TiO_(2)minimizes band-offset and effectively suppresses interfacial ***,the optimized BST ETL generates synergistic influence and delivers power conversion efficiency(PCE)as high as 23.14%with open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))reaching 1.14 ***,the BST ETL is transferred to a large scale and the corresponding mini module demonstrates peak performance of 18.39%PCE from 25 cm^(2)aperture ***,the BST-based mini module exhibit excellent stability,maintaining 83.1%of its initial efficiency after 1000 h under simultaneous 1 Sun light-soaking and damp heat(85℃/RH 85%)environment.

关键词： acetylacetone large area perovskite solar cells TiO_(2)

Effect of parallel resonance on the electron energy distribution function in a 60 MHz capacitively coupled plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第4期25卷 69-78页

作者： You HE yeong-Min Lim Jun-Ho lee Ju-Ho Kim Moo-Young lee Chin-Wook CHUNG Department of Electrical Engineering Hanyang University17 Haengdang-dongSeongdong-guSeoul 133-791Republic of Korea Department of Nanoscale Semiconductor Engineering Hanyang University17 Haengdang-dongSeongdong-guSeoul 133-791Republic of Korea

In general,as the radio frequency(RF)power increases in a capacitively coupled plasma(CCP),the power transfer efficiency decreases because the resistance of the CCP *** this work,a parallel resonance circuit is applied to improve the power transfer efficiency at high RF power,and the effect of the parallel resonance on the electron energy distribution function(EEDF)is investigated in a 60 MHz *** CCP consists of a power feed line,the electrodes,and *** reactance of the CCP is positive at 60 MHz and acts like an inductive load.A vacuum variable capacitor(VVC)is connected in parallel with the inductive load,and then the parallel resonance between the VVC and the inductive load can be *** the capacitance of the VVC approaches the parallel resonance condition,the equivalent resistance of the parallel circuit is considerably larger than that without the VVC,and the current flowing through the matching network is greatly ***,the power transfer efficiency of the discharge is improved from 76%,70%,and 68%to 81%,77%,and 76%at RF powers of 100 W,150 W,and 200 W,*** parallel resonance conditions,the electron heating in bulk plasma is enhanced,which cannot be achieved without the VVC even at the higher RF *** enhancement of electron heating results in the evolution of the shape of the EEDF from a bimaxwellian distribution to a distribution with the smaller temperature difference between high-energy electrons and low-energy *** to the parallel resonance effect,the electron density increases by approximately 4%,18%,and 21%at RF powers of 100 W,150 W,and 200 W,respectively.

关键词： capacitively coupled plasma parallel resonance electron energy distribution function

Antistatic coating material consisting of poly (butylacrylate-co-styrene) core-nickel shell particle

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第B9期19卷 119-123页

作者： Min-yeong JEONG Byung-Yoon AHN Sang-Koul lee Won-Ki lee Nam-Ju JO Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Kumho Petrochemical Samsung Corning Precision Glass Division of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University

A transparent and antistatic coating material consisting of polymer core-metal shell particle was prepared. As a polymer core, poly(butylacrylate-co-styrene)s ([P(BA-co-sty)s]) with various compositions of butylacrylate and styrene were synthesized by emulsion polymerization. And the effect of comonomer composition on the thermal property of polymer core particle was investigated. By electroless plating method, the nickel particles were formed and deposited on the surface of P(BA-co-Sty) particles to form P(BA-co-Sty) core-nickel shell composite particles. SEM observation confirms that the nickel particles with size of 15 nm are distributed on the surface of the polymer core particles. The surface resistance of P(BA-co-Sty) core-nickel shell composite is 0.8×108Ω/cm2, enough to act as antistatic coating material.

关键词：复合粒子涂层材料单体组成抗静电苯乙烯丁酯聚合物颗粒镍

improved Hybrid Beamforming for mmWave Multi-User Massive MimO

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 3057-3070页

作者： Ji-Sung Jung Won-Seok lee yeong-Rong lee Jaeho Kim Hyoung-Kyu Song Department of Information and Communication Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Massive multiple input multiple output(MimO)has become essential for the increase of capacity as the millimeter-wave(mmWave)communication is ***,hybrid beamforming systems have been studied since full-digital beamforming is impractical due to high cost and power consumption of the radio frequency(RF)*** paper proposes a hybrid beamforming scheme to improve the spectral efciency for multi-user MimO(MU-MimO)*** a frequency selective fading environment,hybrid beamforming schemes suffer from performance degradation since the analog precoder performs the same precoding for all *** mitigate performance degradation,this paper uses the average channel covariance matrix for all subcarriers and considers an iterative algorithm to design analog precoder using approximation *** analog precoder is iteratively updated for each column until it *** proposed scheme can reduce errors in the approximating process of the overall spectral *** scheme can be applied to fully-connected and partially-connected *** simulation results show that spectral efciency performance for the proposed scheme is better than the conventional *** proposed scheme can achieve similar performance with full-digital beamforming by using a sufciently large number of RF ***,this paper shows that the proposed scheme outperforms other schemes in the frequency selective fading *** performance improvement can be achieved in both structures.

关键词： Hybrid precoding massive MimO MU-MimO mmwave frequency selective fading

Axial length in unilateral idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第5期9卷 717-720页

作者： Hoseok Moon Dae yeong lee Dong Heun Nam Department of Ophthalmology Gachon University Gil Hospital Incheon 405-760 Korea

Aim： To evaluate the axial length（AXL） in unilateral idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy（CSC）.·METHODS： This retrospective case-control study was comprised of a consecutive case series of 35 patients with acute unilateral idiopathic CSC, and age- and sex-matched 50 control eyes. AXL of both eyes of unilateral CSC patients and the control eyes were *** was measured by ultrasonic biometry, and the adjusted AXL was calculated for CSC eyes as measured AXL plus differences of foveal thickness between CSC and normal fellow eyes in millimeters. The main outcome measures were comparison of AXL between CSC, fellow and control eyes.· RESULTS： The mean age of 35 CSC patients was45.5y, and 31 males were included. The adjusted AXL of CSC eyes was 23.52 mm, and the AXL of fellow eyes was23.46 mm, and of control eyes 23.94 mm. The AXL of both CSC and fellow eyes were significantly shorter than control eyes（CSC vs control, P =0.044; fellow vs control, P =0.026）. There was no statistically significant difference in AXL between CSC and fellow eyes.·CONCLUSION： In unilateral idiopathic CSC, the AXL of CSC and fellow eyes are shorter than that of control eyes. Short AXL may be related with choroidal circulation abnormality in CSC.

关键词： axiallength centralserouschorioretinopathy pathophysiology choroidal circulation

Changes and development plans in the mountain villages of South Korea:Comparison of the first and second national surveys

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1473-1489页

作者： Hag Mo KANG Hyun Kim Chang Heon lee Chong Kyu lee Soo im CHOI Department of Forest Environmental Science Chonbuk National University Jeollabuk-do Forest Environment Research Institute Department of Forest Resources Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology Department of Forest Resources Sunchon National University

Owing to the geographic disadvantages of mountain villages, the social, cultural, and economic conditions of mountain villagers are inferior to those of urban dwellers in South Korea. Thus, in 1995, the The government of South Korea launched a mountain village development support program to promote agriculture and forestry, balance national land development, and preserve cultural heritage. The program was effectively implemented, improving the income, population size, and living conditions of villagers in addition to setting up a system for stable project implementation. However, concerns were raised about long-term development planning, the creation and marketing of specialty brands, facility management/operation, and follow-up support. The government conducted surveys of mountain villagers in 2003 and 2014, obtaining basic data to address these issues. This study evaluates the outcomes of these two surveys, suggesting areas requiring focusedaction, concentrating on village development projects, forest resource distribution and use, demographic trends, the economy, exchange with urban areas, green tourism, and master planning. We find that despite growth in the forest labor force, forest ownership is diminishing in terms of the number and scale of holdings. Consequently, it is necessary to commercialize forest resources, establish favorable settlement conditions, and expand government support for village-run projects. In addition, systematic forest management for older tree age classes would benefit the public and provide assets for future mountain village development. Our results are expected to provide baseline information for the establishment and efficient implementation of mountain village development policy.

关键词： Forest resources management Mountain village changes Mountain village economy Support for mountain villages Urban-rural exchange

Fake News Detection on Social Media: A Temporal-Based Approach

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 3563-3579页

作者： Yonghun Jang Chang-Hyeon Park Dong-Gun lee yeong-Seok Seo Department of Computer Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Following the development of communication techniques and smart devices,the era of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and big data has *** increased connectivity,referred to as hyper-connectivity,has led to the development of smart *** in these smart cities can access numerous online contents and are always *** developments,however,also lead to a lack of standardization and consistency in the propagation of information throughout communities due to the consumption of information through social media *** cannot often be verified,which can confuse the *** increasing influence of social media has thus led to the emergence and increasing prevalence of fake *** this study,we propose a methodology to classify and identify fake news emanating from social *** collected content from Twitter to detect fake news and statistically verified that the temporal propagation pattern of quote retweets is effective for the classification of fake *** verify this,we trained the temporal propagation pattern to a two-phases deep learning model based on convolutional neural networks and long short-term *** fake news classifier demonstrates the ability for its early ***,it was verified that the temporal propagation pattern was the most influential feature compared to other feature groups discussed in this paper.

关键词： Artificial intelligence deep learning fake news rumor smart city data analysis