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Acute Toxicity and Anthelmintic Effects of Gomphrena serrata L. (Amaranthaceae) Extracts on Adult Worms and Eggs of Haemonchus contortus

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第5期15卷 207-221页

作者： Hippolyte Ouedraogo Mohamed Bonewendé Belemlilga Aristide Traore Gilchrist Abdoul Laurent Boly Félicité Moyenga Gueswindé Geoffroy Ouedraogo sylvain ilboudo Lazare Belemnaba Sylvin Ouedraogo Laboratoire de Recherche-Dé veloppement de Phytom&#233dicaments et M&#233dicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant&#233 (IRSS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Dé veloppement du M&#233dicament (LADME) Centre de Formation deRecherche et d&#8217Expertises en Sciences du M&#233dicament (CEA-CFOREM) &#201cole Doctorale Sciences de la Sant&#233 (ED2S) Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Research Laboratory-Environnement Sant&#233 Soci&#233t&#233s (IRL 3189 ESS) CNRS/CNRST/UCAD/UGB/USTTB Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Gomphrena serrata L. (Amaranthaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used traditionally in rural areas to treat many diseases, including gastrointestinal helminthiasis of small ruminants. This work aims to estimate the plant extracts phytochemical potential and study the activities of the aqueous decoction (GS_AD), aqueous macerate (GS_AM), and hydroalcoholic macerate (GS_HEM) of Gomphrena serrata extracts on two developmental stages (eggs and adult worms) of Haemonchus contortus. Phytochemical screening was carried out. The acute toxicity test was performed according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 423. The Haemonchus contortus eggs hatching inhibition test was performed left to incubate for 48 hours in the presence of the different plant extracts at increasing concentrations of 0.125;0.25;0.5;0.625;1;2;3 mg/mL. For the motility inhibition test on adult worms, the worms were contacted with the extracts at concentrations of 0.75;1;1.25;1.5;2;3;4 mg/mL and left to incubate for 24 hours. Albendazole and levamisole were used as standard. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, reducing compounds, coumarins and derivatives, anthocyanins, steroids, triterpenes, and flavonoids. An acute toxicity study showed that the oral LD50 value of G. serrata was estimated to be 5000 mg/kg. All extracts showed an effect on both stages of parasite development. The hatching inhibition rate was 100% from 3 mg/mL for all three extracts. The rate of inhibition of motility was 100% from 4 mg/mL for each extract. HEM is more efficient on eggs and Haemonchus contortus adult worms than other extracts with IC50 of 0.457 mg/mL and LC50 of 1.329 mg/mL, respectively. These results suggest that Gomphrena serrata, a plant used by farmers, has anthelmintic properties.

关键词： Gomphrena serrata Haemonchus contortus Anthelmintic In Vitro

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HPTLC Phytochemical Screening and Hydrophilic Antioxidant Activities of Apium graveolensL., Cleome gynandraL., and Hibiscus sabdariffaL. Used for Diabetes Management

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2021年第1期12卷 15-28页

作者： Moumouni Koala Alphonsine Ramde-Tiendrebeogo Noufou Ouedraogo sylvain ilboudo Boukaré Kaboré Félix B. Kini Sylvin Ouedraogo Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Physique Appliquées (L.C.O.P.A.) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO UFR/SEA Département de Chimie Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité Mixte Internationale Environnement-Santé-Société (UMI 3189 ESS) CNRST/CNRS/UCAD/UGB/USTTB-P&ocirc le Burkina Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Diabetes mellitus is a socially significant disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids due to reduced function of insulin. Medicinal plants, rich in bioactive components that promote prevention and treatment, are inexpensive and no side effects. Apium graveolens, Cleome gynandra, and Hibiscus sabdariffa from Burkina Faso were investigated for their phytochemical profile and antioxidant activities. The high-performance thin-layer chromatography profile revealed flavonoids, tannins, and sterols in these herbaceous. The Hibiscus sabdariffa methanolic extract exhibited the highest total phenolic (138.4 ± 0.5 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (52.8 ± 0.6 mg RuE/g DW) contents comparatively to Cleome gynandra and Apium graveolens. Hibiscus sabdariffa methanolic extract also presented the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.31 ± 0.002 mg/mL) using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity assay. A high correlation between flavonoid contents and hydrophilic antioxidant activities (r = 0.99) was observed, indicating that flavonoids contribute significatively to these herbaceous antioxidant properties. Apium graveolens, Cleome gynandra, and Hibiscus sabdariffa constitute a natural source of phenolic compounds that could be exploited in diabetes mellitus management.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Medicinal Plants Flavonoids Contents Hydrophilic Antioxidant Activity HPTLC Screening

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Data-driven polarimetric approaches fuel computational imaging expansion

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第9期7卷 1-3页

作者： sylvain Gigan Laboratoire Kastler Brossel École Normale Supérieure/PSL Research UniversityParis 75005France.

Incorporating polarization in computer vision tasks provides new solutions to high-level analytics,in particular when coupled with machine learning frameworks such as convolutional neural networks(CNN).A recent review in Opto-Electronic Science reports on the developments in data-driven polarimetric imaging,including polarimetric descattering,3D imaging,reflection removal,target detection and biomedical *** review carefully analyzes these new trends with their advantages and disadvantages,and provides a general insight for future research and development.

关键词： computer networks neural

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Phytochemical Screening by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography, Antioxidant Activities and Acute Toxicity of Trunk Barks Extracts of Lannea velutina A. Rich

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第10期13卷 365-381页

作者： Boukaré Kaboré Moumouni Koala Mathieu Nitiema Windingoudi Rimwagna Christian Ouedraogo Souleymane Compaoré Lazare Belemnaba Salfo Ouedraogo sylvain ilboudo Noufou Ouedraogo Constantin M. Dabiré Félix B. Kini Sylvin Ouedraogo Eloi Palé Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et de Physique Appliquée (LCOPA) école Doctorale Sciences et Technologie UniversitéJoseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département Médecine-Pharmacopée Traditionnelles/Pharmacie (MEPHATRA/Ph) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS/CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International ResearchLoboratory-Environnement Santé Sociétés (IRL 3189 ESS) CNRST/CNRS/UCAD/UGB/USTTB Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Chimie et énergies Renouvelables Université Nazi BONI Bobo Burkina Faso

Lannea velutina is a traditional herbal remedy used to treat various diseases, including hypertension (HBP). Herbal medicines are affordable, and some have minimal side effects;they are rich in bioactive components that encourage prevention and treatment. This work uses appropriate experimental paradigms to investigate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and acute oral toxicity of L. velutina trunk bark extracted in water, methanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and hexane. According to a high-performance thin-layer chromatography profile, this shrub’s bark contains sterols, saponosides, flavonoids, and tannins. Compared to ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts, the methanol extract had the highest total phenolic (607.06 ± 0.6 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoid (20.97 ± 0.23 mg QE/g DW), and condensed tannins (194.50 ± 0.75 CE/g DW) content. The methanol extract displayed the highest antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capability assay (IC50 = 8.59 g/mL;AAI = 4.66) compared to the other extracts. It exhibited antiradical action comparable to that of Trolox (IC50 = 15.16 g/mL), ascorbic acid (IC50 = 11.94 g/mL), and catechin (IC50 = 11.64 g/mL). The connection between flavonoid concentration and hydrophilic antioxidant activity was robust (r = 0.997). Mice were used to evaluate the acute oral toxicity of ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous extracts using guidelines 425 of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. All tested extracts have an estimated LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. The truncal bark of L. velutina could be an alternative source for HTA management.

关键词： Lannea velutina Phytochemicals Proanthocyanidins Antioxidants LD50

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Functional trait composition of carabid beetle communities predicts prey suppression through both mass ratio and niche complementarity mechanisms

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 562-574页

作者： Abdelhak Rouabah Francoise Lasserre-Joulin sylvain Plantureux Simon Taugourdeau Bernard Amiaud Universite de Loraine INRAELAENancyF-54000France UMR SELMET CIRADINRAEInstitut AgroUniversite de MontpellierMontpellier34000France CIRAD UMR SELMET-PPZSDakarSéenegal UMR Siva Universitéde LorraineAgroParisTechINRAEVandoeuvreLes Nancy54506France

Several components of predator functional diversity have been hypothesized to influence prey suppression through either niche complementarity or mass ratio ***,most studies have used a functional group approach when assessing the role of these predators in ecosystem *** adopting a trait-based approach,we evaluated the relative contributions of carabid diversity components in predicting prey *** results highlight the importance of both taxonomic and functional diversity components of carabids as key drivers of prey *** suppression was best predicted by carabid densities,with the dominance of Poecilus cupreus potentially driving the positive effect of community total abundance through the mass ratio *** suppression increased with increasing the density of large *** addition,carabid eye diameter and antennal length were key functional traits for predicting prey ***,prey suppression increased with increasing carabid functional richness following the niche complementarity *** contrast to functional richness,functional evenness and functional divergence of carabid communities were weakly correlated with prey *** identifying which diversity components of carabid communities contribute the most to increase prey suppression,our results can guide efforts aiming to predict the relationship between diversity of these predators and ecosystem functioning.

关键词： abundance distribution biological control body size ecosystem function functional richness predator-prey interactions

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Phytochemical Analysis and Contractile Effects of Aqueous and Hydroethanolic Extracts of Anastatica hierochuntica L. (Brassicaceae) on the Isolated Uterus of Mice

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第8期14卷 252-270页

作者： Belem-Kabré Wendkouni Leila Marie Esther Nitiéma Mathieu Odjo Blondine Saïdath Maman Noura Oumarou Yaro Boubacar Kaboré Boukaré Somda Gaëtan Donzéo Traoré Tata Kadiatou Koala Moumouni ilboudo sylvain Ouédraogo Moussa Kabré Elie Ouédraogo Noufou Laboratoire de Recherche-Développement de Phytomédicaments et Médicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS/CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire du Développement du Médicament (LADME)/Centre de Formation de Recherche et d’Expertises en Sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et de Physique Appliquée (LCOPA) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Agence Nationale pour la Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Environnement de l’Alimentation du Travail et des Produits de Santé (ANSSEAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Anastatica hierochuntica L. (Brassicaceae) has been claimed to treat various conditions, including complicated childbirth. The principal objective of this research was to provide scientific evidence on the contractile effect of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of the whole plant from A. hierochuntica during labor. Method: Qualitative and quantitative methods helped identify and quantify the phytoconstituents in both extracts. The antioxidant activity was studied using four standard methods (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and LPO). Results: The inhibitory power of the extracts on pro-inflammatory enzymes such as 15-lipoxygenase and phospholipase A2 was determined. The contractile effects of the extracts were evaluated using isolated pregnant mice uteri. Steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, and reduced compounds were identified in both extracts. The hydroethanolic extract exhibited higher content of hydrolyzable tannins (15.07 ± 0.24 mg tannic acid equivalent/g) than the aqueous decoction (11.8 ± 0.69 mg TAE/g). The extracts demonstrated the ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals, reduce ferric ions, and inhibit especially lipid peroxidation. No significant difference was noted in the phospholipase inhibition between the extracts and betamethasone. The hydroethanolic extract displayed the most significant anti-lipoxygenase activity with an IC50 value of 55.82 ± 1.15 μg/mL. The lethal dose (LD50) of extracts was estimated to be superior to 2000 mg/kg body weight (bw). The ability of the samples to produce one cm amplitude of contraction at 50% effective concentrations (EC50) was 5.33 × 10−8 ± 0.32 mg/mL for oxytocin, 1.51 ± 0.08 mg/mL for aqueous extract and 3.57 ± 0.61 mg/mL for hydroethanolic extract. Conclusion: These findings could provide evidence for using Anastatica hierochuntica to facilitate childbirth.

关键词： Anastatica hierochuntica Phytoconstituents Antioxidant Anti-Inflammatory Uterine Contractility

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Deciphering the mechanobiology of microglia in traumatic brain injury with advanced microsystems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2304-2306页

作者： Anthony Procès sylvain Gabriele Univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance Mechanobiology&Biomaterials Group CIRMAPResearch Institute for BiosciencesUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium

Advanced microsystems in traumatic brain injury research:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)results from a mechanical insult to the brain,leading to neuronal and axonal damage and subsequently causing a secondary *** minutes ... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic injury damage

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Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities, Safety of Use and Spasmolytic Effects of Aqueous Decoction Extract of Diospyros mespiliformis Leaves Hochst. ex A. DC. (Ebenaceae) on the Isolated Duodenum of Rat

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第12期14卷 513-529页

作者： Mathieu Nitiéma Pegdwendé Esther Ouédraogo Tata Kadiatou Traoré Oumarou Maman Noura Boukaré Kaboré Wendkouni Leila Marie Esther Bélem-Kabré Windingoudi Rimwagna Christian Ouédraogo Moumouni Koala Bruno Nébié Abdel Magid Arsène Ouoba Makumbu Joseph Makaya sylvain ilboudo Lazare Belemnaba Noufou Ouédraogo Sylvin Ouédraogo Laboratoire de Recherche-Développement des Phytomédicaments et Médicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Initiative Pour la Résilience et la Gouvernance (IRG) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Research Laboratory 3189 Environnement Santé Sociétés (IRL 3189 ESS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso UFR/Science et Technologie Université Aube Nouvelle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire du Développement du Médicament (LADME) école Doctorale Sciences et Santé Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Techniques Laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliquées (LABIOCA) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. DC. (Ebenaceae) is a multi-use plant, including for therapeutic purposes. It is used in alternative medicine in Burkina Faso to treat conjunctivitis, menorrhagia, dysentery, and diarrhea. The aim of our study was to evaluate the chemical profile, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, safety of use and spasmolytic effects of the aqueous decoction of Diospyros mespiliformis leaves. Phytochemical screening by HPTLC and assay of compounds of interest were carried out. Four methods were used to assess antioxidant activity. Inhibitory activity against 15-lipoxygenase and phospholipase A2 was assessed. Acute oral toxicity of the extract was tested on female mice (NMRI). Following these tests, the extract contained bioactive compounds of interest such as flavonoids, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, and saponosides. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the aqueous decoctate were 70.59 ± 3.20 mg EAT/g and 31.57 ± 0.78 mg EQ/g respectively. The extract was less active than Trolox with inhibitory concentrations of 50% (IC50) for the ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and LPO tests of 7.53 ± 0.08 μg/mL, 29.47 ± 0.06 μg/mL, 1128.83 ± 4.82 mol EAA/g, and 32.30 ± 1.60 μg/mL respectively. The extract has an anti-inflammatory effect with inhibition of phospholipase A2 compared to betamethasone. In addition, the aqueous extract produced an antispasmodic effect with Emax of 70% and 80% respectively during contractions induced by BaCl2 and ACh. Finally, this study provided basic scientific data and could justify the use of D. mespiliformis leaves in the treatment of diarrhea.

关键词： Diospyros mespiliformis Phytoconstituents Antioxidants Acute Oral Toxicity Spasmolytic Leaves

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Microsphere-assisted quantitative phase microscopy:a review

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第1期5卷 131-150页

作者： Vahid Abbasian Tobias Pahl Lucie Hüser sylvain Lecler Paul Montgomery Peter Lehmann Arash Darafsheh Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University School of Medicine in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63110USA Imaging Science Program McKelvey School of EngineeringWashington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA Measurement Technology Group Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of KasselWilhelmshöher Allee 7134121 KasselGermany ICube Research Institute INSA StrasbourgUniversitéde StrasbourgCNRS67000 StrasbourgFrance

Light microscopes are the most widely used devices in life and material sciences that allow the study of the interaction of light with matter at a resolution better than that of the naked *** microscopes translate the spatial differences in the intensity of the reflected or transmitted light from an object to pixel brightness differences in the digital ***,a phase microscope converts the spatial differences in the phase of the light from or through an object to differences in pixel *** microscopy,a phase-based approach,has found application in various *** interferometry has brought nanometric axial resolution,the lateral resolution in quantitative phase microscopy(QPM)has still remained limited by diffraction,similar to other traditional microscopy *** the resolution has been the subject of intense investigation since the invention of the microscope in the 17th *** the past decade,microsphere-assisted microscopy(MAM)has emerged as a simple and effective approach to enhance the resolution in light *** can be integrated with QPM for 3D label-free imaging with enhanced ***,we review the integration of microspheres with coherence scanning interference and digital holographic microscopies,discussing the associated open questions,challenges,and opportunities.

关键词： Phase microscopy Digital holographic microscopy Microsphere Resolution

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The reference genome of seed hemp(Cannabis sativa)provides new insights into fatty acid and vitamin E synthesis

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 12-15页

作者： Huawei Wei Zuqing Yang sylvain Niyitanga Aifen Tao Jiantang Xu Pingping Fang Lihui Lin Liemei Zhang Jianmin Qi Ray Ming Liwu Zhang Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetic Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Biological Breeding of Fujian and Taiwan Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Fujian Public Platform for Germplasm Resources of Bast Fiber Crops/Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Center for Genomics and Biotechnology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Dear Editor,Hemp(Cannabis sativa L.)(2n=20)is an annual herb of the Cannabaceae family,mostly dioecious and occasionally monoecious(Van et al.,2011;Long et al.,2017).A major source of food,textiles,and oilseed,it is believed to have originated in central Asia and spread rapidly throughout Asia and Europe(Andre et al.,2016;Braich et al.,2019;Gao et al.,2020).Depending on its usage and cannabinoid content,cannabis is classified as fiber type(hemp or industrial hemp)or drug type(medicinal cannabis or marijuana)(Struik et al.,2000;Hurgobin et al.,2021).As a type of industrial hemp,seed hemp is widely used to produce seed oil,but we still know little about the genetic basis of its fatty acid and vitamin E synthesis.

关键词： synthesis. fiber synthesis

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