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Recent progress on the seasonal tropical cyclone predictions over the western North Pacific from 2014 to 2020

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2022年第1期11卷 26-35页

作者： Eun-Jeong Cha Se Hwan Yang Yu Sun Hyun Chang-Hoi Ho il-ju moon Meso-scale Meteorological Phenomenon Research Team National Institute of Meteorological SciencesKorean Meteorological AdministrationJejuRepublic of Korea National Typhoon Center Korean Meteorological AdministrationJejuRepublic of Korea School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Typhoon Research Center Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea

This study summarized the procedure for the seasonal predictions of tropical cyclones(TCs)over the western North Pacific(WNP),which is currently operating at the Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA),Republic of *** methodology was briefly described,and its prediction accuracy was *** predictions were produced by synthesizing spatiotemporal evolutions of various climate factors such as El Ni no–Southern Oscillation(ENSO),monsoon activity,and Madden–julian Oscillation(MJO),using four models:a statistical,a dynamical,and two statistical–dynamical *** KMA forecaster predicted the number of TCs over the WNP based on the results of the four models and season to season climate *** seasonal prediction of TCs is announced through the press twice a year,for the summer on May and fall on *** present results showed low accuracy during the period 2014–*** advance forecast skill,a set of recommendations are suggested.

关键词： Tropical cyclones Seasonal prediction Western north pacific Statistical model Statistical-dynamical model Dynamical model Forecast error and verification

Erythrocytes serve as a template to create nanozymes with uniform Fe single-atom sites for healing bacteria-infected wound

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2048-2050页

作者： Thinh Viet Dang moon il Kim Department of Bio Nano Technology Gachon University

Bacterial infection is recognized as one of the biggest global health threats, causing millions of people's death every year(Wang et al., 2020). Traditional antibiotics-based therapies have been widely utilized to control this issue(Kohanski et al., 2010); however, their excessive use leads to the emergence of antibioticresistant bacteria, endangering to human health(Levy and Marshall, 2004).

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Binary interaction of typhoons Soulik and Cimaron in 2018—Part Ⅰ:Observational characteristics and forecast error

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2021年第1期10卷 32-42页

作者： Eun-Jeong Cha Sug-gyeong Yun il-ju moon Dong-Hoon Kim Meso-scale Research Team Convergence Meteorological Research DepartmentNational Institute of Meteorological SciencesKorea Meteorological AdministrationSeogwipoRepublic of Korea Typhoon Research Center Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea Artificial Intelligence Convergence Research Center Inha UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea

To understand structural changes and forecast error,a case study of binary typhoons in the western North Pacific(WNP)of 2018 was investigated using best track and reanalysis *** was generated on August 16 and Cimaron was generated on August 18,*** 19 th typhoon Soulik and 20 th typhoon Cimaron co-existed from August 18 to 24 and approached each *** was located on the western side and Cimaron was located on the eastern side of the *** were located approximately 1300 km from each other at 00 UTC August *** Soulik structure began changing around August 22 and became weak and slow,while Cimaron maintained its intensity,size,and moving *** observational evidence is likely caused by the binary interaction between two typhoons within a certain distance and environmental steering flow,such as the location of the North Pacific high and strong jet stream of the northern flank of the North Pacific *** was initially forecasted to make landfall and reach Seoul;however,its track changed from northward to northeastward from August 21 to 23 according to both official guidance and unified model(UM).Four global numerical weather prediction models forecasted different tracks of *** and JGSM forecasted a northward track whereas ECMWF and GFS showed a northeastward track for 12 UTC August 21 through 12 UTC August *** latter models were similar to the best *** track forecast error and spread of Soulik were larger than those of *** mean absolute error of the maximum wind speed of Soulik was similar to the average of total typhoons in 2018.

关键词： Typhoon Soulik Cimaron Binary typhoon interaction Structure change Forecast track Intensity error

Changes in microorganisms and metabolites during long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Daehyeon Kim Seong-Eun Park Eun-ju Kim Seung-Ho Seo Kwang-moon Cho Sun Jae Kwon Hong-Seok Son Department of Biotechnology College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Sonlab Inc. 3. AccuGene Inc.

This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce. Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collected from large-scale fermentation tanks with fermentation periods of up to 7.87 years. The complex bacterial community was simplified to two genera， Tetragenococcus and Halanaerobium， after approximately 0.55 years of fermentation. Although genera， such as Saccharomyces， Cladosporium， Candida， and Aspergillus， were relatively dominant， no clear pattern was identified in fungal community analysis. The longitudinal metabolite profile demonstrated that approximately half (55.8%) of the metabolites present in anchovy sauce were produced within a year of fermentation due to rapid fermentation. Despite the static microbial community， the contents of several metabolites including amino acids and biogenic amines changed continuously during the long-term fermentation of anchovy sauce. This study provides novel insights into the changes in microbiota and metabolites in fish sauce produced without any starter inoculation.

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Ionic liquids inhibit the dynamic transition fromα-helices toβ-sheets in peptides

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Fundamental Research 2024年第4期4卷 777-784页

作者： ju Liu Yanlei Wang Feng Huo Hongyan He Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and EngineeringCAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstituteof Process EngineeringChineseAcademyof SciencesBeijing100190China Longzihu New Energy Laboratory Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial TechnologyHenan UniversityZhengzhou 450000China University of Chinese Academyof Sciences Beijing100049China

Abnormalities in the transition betweenα-helices andβ-sheets(α-βtransition)may lead to devastating neurodegenerative diseases,such as Parkinson's syndrome and Alzheimer's *** liquids(ils)are potential drugs for targeted therapies against these diseases because of their excellent bioactivity and designability of ***,the mechanism through which ils regulate the aα-βtransition remains ***,a combination of GPU-accelerated microsecond molecular dynamics simulations,correlation analysis,and machine learning was used to probe the dynamicalα-βtransition process induced by ils of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([Cnmim]cl)and its molecular ***,the cation of[C,mim]+in ils can spontaneously insert into the peptides as free ions(n≤10)and clusters(n≥11).Such insertion can significantly inhibit theα-β,transition and the inhibiting ability for the clusters is more significant than that of free ions,where[Ciomim]+and[Ci2mim]+can reduce the maximumβ-sheet content of the peptide by 18.5%and 44.9%,***,the correlation analysis and machine learning method were used to develop a predictive model accounting for the influencing factors on theα-βtransition,which could accurately predict the effect of ils on theα-β***,these quantitative results may not only deepen the understanding of the role of ils in theα-βtransition but also guide the development of the il-based treatments for related diseases.

关键词： aα-βtransition Moleculardynamics simulation lonic liquids Machine learning Membrane channel protein

Effect of Menopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy on Cytokine Patterns in a Perimenopausal Mouse Model Established by the Ovarian Castration Method

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期33卷 40-48页

作者： HE Bin-bin ZHANG ju-shun WANG Jin-yong Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Longyan Fujian 364000China

Objective: To investigate the effect of perimenopausal hormone replacement therapy(HRT) on cytokine patterns in a perimenopausal mouse model established by ovarian castration. Methods: The mice were divided into natural menopause group,ovariectomy group and HRT group, with 15 mice in each group, and the estrous cycle, estrous frequency and menopausal time of the mice were determined by vaginal cytology,and the estrous cycle, estrous frequency and menopausal time were compared among the three groups. The serum levels of estradiol(E2) and progesterone(P4) in each group were detected by double-antibody sandwich ELISA, and the levels of interferon gamma(IFN-γ), interleukin-2(il-2), il-4 and il-10 in the spleen γ tissues of mice were detected by ELISA. Results: The time of menopause(53.07±3.99) d in the HRT group was between that of the natural menopause group(80.80±3.26) d and that of the ovariectomy group(16.27±4.35) d, with a statistically significant difference in the two-by-two comparison of the three groups(Pil-2(30.9±5.3) pg/ml, il-4(9.4±1.6) pg/ml, il-10(19.7±3.1) pg/ml, IFN-γ(22.0±3.7) pg/ml in the HRT group were all between those of natural menopause group and ovariectomy group. The Th1/Th2 ratio in the ovariectomy group was 7.55±1.57, higher than that in the natural menopause group(1.53±0.48) and HRT group(2.38 ±0.44), with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). Conclusion:Menopausal HRT can partially correct the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines, which is able to provide an experimental basis for the regulation of menopause-related immune imbalance by HRT.

关键词： menopause hormone replacement therapy(HRT) ovariectomy mouse model cytokine pattern

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TonEBP expression is essential in the il-1β–induced migration and invasion of human A549 lung cancer cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 151-161页

作者： HEE ju SONG TAEHEE KIM HAN NA CHOI SOO JIN KIM SANG DO LEE Department of Physiology School of MedicineChungnam National UniversityDaejeon35015Korea

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancers,in part because it readily *** tumor microenvironment,comprising blood vessels,fibroblasts,immune cells,and macrophages[including tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)],is closely related to cancer cell growth,migration,and *** secrete several cytokines,including interleukin(il)-1β,which participate in cancer migration and invasion.p21-activated kinase 1(PAK1),an important signaling molecule,induces cell migration and invasion in several ***responsive enhancer-binding protein(TonEBP)is also known to participate in cancer cell growth,migration,and ***,the mechanisms by which it increases lung cancer migration remain ***,in this study,we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which il-1βand TonEBP affect lung cancer cell migration and *** found that A549 cocultured-MΦ-secreted il-1βinduced A549 cell migration and invasion via the PAK1 *** deficiency reduced A549 cell migration and invasion and increased responsiveness to il-1β–induced migration and ***1 phosphorylation,which was promoted by il-1β,was reduced when TonEBP was *** results suggest that TonEBP plays an important role in il-1βinduction and invasiveness of A549 cells via the PAK1 *** findings could be valuable in identifying potential targets for lung cancer treatment.

关键词： Lung cancer TonEBP Tumor microenvironment Tumor-associated macrophage il-1β

Changes in structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 398-414页

作者： Poornima D.E.Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage Sohi Kang Joong-Sun Kim Sung-Ho Kim Hongbing Wang Taekyun Shin Changjong moon Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR ProgramChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52727Republic of Korea Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea

Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(MS),successfully mimicking its key pathological features(inflammation,demyelination,axonal loss,and gliosis)and clinical symptoms(motor and non-motordysfunctions).Recentstudieshave demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE *** the present study,we investigated the features of behavioral alteration and hippocampal structural plasticity in EAE-affected mice in the early phase(11 days post-immunization,DPI)and chronic phase(28DPI).EAE-affected mice exhibited hippocampus-related behavioral dysfunction in the open field test during both early and chronic *** complexity was largely affected in the cornu ammonis 1(CA1)and CA3 apical and dentate gyrus(DG)subregions of the hippocampus during the chronic phase,while this effect was only noted in the CA1 apical subregion in the early ***,dendritic spine density was reduced in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 apical/basal and DG subregions in the early phase of EAE,but only reduced in the DG subregion during the chronic ***,mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines(il1β,Tnfα,and Ifnγ)and glial cell markers(Gfap and Cd68)were significantly increased,whereas the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletonassociated protein(ARC)was reduced during the chronic ***,exposure to the aforementioned cytokines in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons reduced dendritic complexity and ARC *** cultures of hippocampal neurons also showed significantly reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation upon treatment with proinflammatory ***,these results suggest that autoimmune neuroinflammation alters structural plasticity in the hippocampus,possibly through the ERK-ARC pathway,indicating that this alteration may be associated with hi

关键词： Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein Anxiety-like behavior Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Hippocampal dysfunction Neuroinflammation

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An update on the influence of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change on tropical cyclones

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第3期12卷 216-239页

作者： Suzana J.Camargo Hiroyuki Murakami Nadia Bloemendaal Savin S.Chand Medha S.Deshpande Christian Dominguez-Sarmiento juan Jesús Gonz´alez-Alem´an Thomas R.Knutson I.-I.Lin il-ju moon Christina M.Patricola Kevin A.Reed Malcolm J.Roberts Enrico Scoccimarro Chi Yung(Francis)Tam Elizabeth J.Wallace Liguang Wu Yohei Yamada Wei Zhang Haikun Zhao Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia UniversityPalisadesNYUSA National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory PrincetonNJUSA University Corporation for Atmospheric Research BoulderCOUSA Vrije University Amsterdam AmsterdamNetherlands Federation University Australia BallaratVictoriaAustralia Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Ministry of Earth SciencesPuneIndia Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmosfera y Cambio Clim´atico Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM)Mexico CityMexico Spanish State Meteorological Agency(AEMet) MadridSpain National Taiwan University TaiwanChina Jeju National University JejuRepublic of Korea Iowa State University AmesIAUSA Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA Met Office ExeterUnited Kingdom Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici BolognaItaly The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong KongChina Old Dominion University NorfolkVAUSA Fudan University ShanghaiChina Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology YokohamaJapan Utah State University LoganUTUSA Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology NanjingChina

A substantial number of studies have been published since the Ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9)in 2018,improving our understanding of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclones(TCs)and associated hazards and *** studies have reinforced the robustness of increases in TC intensity and associated TC hazards and risks due to anthropogenic climate *** modeling and observational studies suggested the potential influence of anthropogenic climate forcings,including greenhouse gases and aerosols,on global and regional TC activity at the decadal and century time ***,there are still substantial uncertainties owing to model uncertainty in simulating historical TC decadal variability in the Atlantic,and the limitations of observed TC *** projected future change in the global number of TCs has become more uncertain since IWTC-9 due to projected increases in TC frequency by a few climate models.A new paradigm,TC seeds,has been proposed,and there is currently a debate on whether seeds can help explain the physical mechanism behind the projected changes in global TC *** studies also highlighted the importance of large-scale environmental fields on TC activity,such as snow cover and air-sea *** projections on TC translation speed and medicanes are new additional focus topics in our *** and future research are proposed relevant to the remaining scientific questions and assisting policymakers.

关键词： tropical climate variability