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Fast Processing of Optical Fringe Movement in Displacement Sensors Without Using an ADC

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Photonic Sensors 2013年第3期3卷 241-245页

作者： Babar HUSSAIN Taj MUHAMMAD Muhammad REHAN Haroon AMAN Muhammad ASLAM Masroor ikram M. Yasin Akhtar RAJA National Institute of Lasers and Optronics P. O. 45650 Islamabad Pakistan Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences P. O. 45650 Islamabad Pakistan Department of ECE EPIC Building UNC Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd. Charlotte NC 28223-000

An interferometer based optical sensor for displacement measurement is reported. This method requires quite simple signal processing as well as least electronic components. Referring to this technique, two photodiodes spatially shifted by 90 degrees were used. The output of photodiodes was converted into rectangular signals which were extracted in LabVIEW using the data acquisition card without using an analog to digital converters （ADC）. We have also processed the signals in C＋＋ after acquiring via parallel port. A Michelson interferometer configuration was used to produce linear fringes for the detection of displacements. The displacement less than 100nm could be measured using this technique.

关键词： Fast signal processing optical displacement sensor direction detection Michelson interferometer

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Chemically Modified Epoxy Resin

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Open Journal of Synthesis Theory and Applications 2012年第3期1卷 36-43页

作者： Sumeera ikram Arshad Munir Centre of Excellence for Science and Advanced Technology Islamabad Pakistan

Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA), having number average molecular weight (Mn) 375, was modified by incorporating the hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based prepolymer using isophorone diisocyanate as a coupling agent. To increase the compatibility between the epoxy resin and HTPB part, polar groups were introduced in the later to achieve physical and chemical interactions between the two phases. The finally modified DGEBA system was cured with amine based hardener. FTIR and 1H-NMR were used to monitor the whole modification procedure. The rubber particles size and distribution was monitored as a function of HTPB contents in the resin system using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical, thermal and thermo-mechanical properties have shown that the tensile strength, toughness, ductility and impact strength of the modified cured system have been successfully increased at some optimum HTPB contents without affecting the inherent thermal and thermo-mechanical stability associated with DGEBA resin system. Some of the mechanical properties like flexural modulus, tensile modulus and compressive strength decreased with increasing rubber contents.

关键词： DGEBA HTPB Impact Strength Thermo-Mechanical Mechanics Properties

Encryption Algorithm for Securing Non-Disclosure Agreements in Outsourcing Offshore Software Maintenance

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3827-3845页

作者： Atif ikram Masita Abdul Jalil Amir Bin Ngah Nadeem Iqbal Nazri Kama Azri Azmi Ahmad Salman Khan Yasir Mahmood Assad Alzayed Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics University Malaysia TerengganuKuala TerengganuMalaysia Department of Computer Science&Information Technology Faculty of Information TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Information TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Advanced Informatics Department Razak Faculty of Technology and InformaticsUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia54100Kuala LumpurMalaysia Computer Science and Information Systems Department College of Business Studies Public Authority for Applied Education and Training(PAAET)AdailiyaKuwait

Properly created and securely communicated,non-disclosure agreement(NDA)can resolve most of the common disputes related to outsourcing of offshore software maintenance(OSMO).Occasionally,these NDAs are in the form of *** the work is done offshore,these agreements or images must be shared through the Internet or stored over the *** breach of privacy,on the other hand,is a potential threat for the image owners as both the Internet and cloud servers are not void of *** article proposes a novel algorithm for securing the NDAs in the form of *** an agreement is signed between the two parties,it will be encrypted before sending to the cloud server or travelling through the public network,the *** the image is input to the algorithm,its pixels would be scrambled through the set of randomly generated rectangles for an arbitrary amount of *** confusion effects have been realized through an XOR operation between the confused image,and chaotic ***,5D multi-wing hyperchaotic system has been employed to spawn the chaotic vectors due to good properties of chaoticity it *** machine experimentation and the security analysis through a comprehensive set of validation metric vividly demonstrate the robustness,defiance to the multifarious threats and the prospects for some real-world application of the proposed encryption algorithm for the NDA images.

关键词： Non-disclosure agreement encryption decryption secret key chaoticmap confusion diffusion

Project Assessment in Offshore Software Maintenance Outsourcing Using Deep Extreme Learning Machines

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1871-1886页

作者： Atif ikram Masita Abdul Jalil Amir Bin Ngah Saqib Raza Ahmad Salman Khan Yasir Mahmood Nazri Kama Azri Azmi Assad Alzayed Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics University Malaysia TerengganuKuala NerusMalaysia Department of Computer Science&Information Technology Faculty of Information TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Information TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Advanced Informatics Department Razak Faculty of Technology and InformaticsUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia54100Kuala LumpurMalaysia Computer Science and Information Systems Department College of Business Studies Public Authority for Applied Education and Training(PAAET)AdailiyahKuwait Department of Computer Science Sharif College of Engineering&TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan

Software maintenance is the process of fixing,modifying,and improving software deliverables after they are delivered to the *** can benefit from offshore software maintenance outsourcing(OSMO)in different ways,including time savings,cost savings,and improving the software quality and *** of the hardest challenges for the OSMO vendor is to choose a suitable project among several clients’*** goal of the current study is to recommend a machine learning-based decision support system that OSMO vendors can utilize to forecast or assess the project of OSMO *** projects belong to OSMO vendors,having offices in developing countries while providing services to developed *** the current study,Extreme Learning Machine’s(ELM’s)variant called Deep Extreme Learning Machines(DELMs)is used.A novel dataset consisting of 195 projects data is proposed to train the model and to evaluate the overall efficiency of the proposed *** proposed DELM’s based model evaluations achieved 90.017%training accuracy having a value with 1.412×10^(-3) Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)and 85.772%testing accuracy with 1.569×10^(-3) RMSE with five DELMs hidden *** results express that the suggested model has gained a notable recognition rate in comparison to any previous *** current study also concludes DELMs as the most applicable and useful technique for OSMO client’s project assessment.

关键词： Software outsourcing deep extreme learning machine(DELM) machine learning(ML) extreme learning machine assessment

Mobile biosafety level (BSL) 2 laboratories deployment: Strengthening the diagnostic facilities in Pakistan with emerging public health challenges and the way forward

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2023年第2期5卷 79-83页

作者： Shamsul Arfin Qasmi Aamer ikram Muhammad Tariq Muhammad Tahir Khadim Nabeel Ahmed Maqbool Principal/HOD Pathology Bahawalpur Medical&Dental CollegeBahawalpur Pakistan Executive Director National Institute of Health IslamabadPakistan Country Director Chemonics International IslamabadPakistan Principal Fazaia Medical College and Dean Faculty Health Sciences Air University IslamabadPakistan GHSC.PSM Pakistan

Availability of mobile laboratories can facilitate rapid on-spot detection of pathogens,monitor its presence in certain populations and inform health authorities to take immediate remedial *** available biosafety and biosecurity guidelines and policies may not completely articulate the increased demand to manage mobile units in infectious disease outbreaks in remote parts of the country for rapid diagnosis,and also allows research and epidemiological study take place *** main objective of this study is to evaluate the current limitations and develop and implement biosafety and biosecurity guidelines as well as the protocols for operations,security,and response plan of mobile biosafety level 2 laboratories and their *** in view the sensitivity of it,a comprehensive plan was developed to address it in view of Global Health Security *** and biosecurity protocols were developed including Risk Assessment Tool(RAT)fitting the needs and strengthen the diagnostic and epidemiological capacity in the field covering remote parts of country to fill the gaps observed during the COVID-19 *** the biosafety and biosecurity best practices guidelines and biosecurity policy and regulations are directed mostly towards static laboratories.A biosafety and biosecurity manual developed to adopt and meet the requirements for MBSL *** acute health infectious threats including the COVID-19 outbreak and other epidemics,rapid diagnosis can curb and mitigate the problem before it gets out of its boundaries creating significant health risks for the public and *** deployment of mobile laboratories will certainly help in curbing these catastrophes.

关键词： Biosafety manual Biorisk Management Risk Assessment Mobile BSL 2 Laboratories(MBSL2Laboratories) Outbreak Response

Installing the neurospora carotenoid pathway in plants enables cytosolic formation of provitamin A and its sequestration in lipid droplets

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Molecular Plant 2023年第6期16卷 1066-1081页

作者： Xiongjie Zheng Yasha Zhang Aparna Balakrishna Kit Xi Liew Hendrik N.J.Kuijer Ting Ting Xiao ikram Blilou Salim Al-Babili The BioActives Lab Center for Desert Agriculture(CDA)Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia The Laboratory of Plant Cell and Developmental Biology(LPCDB) Center for Desert Agriculture(CDA)Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Present address:College of Plant Science and Technology Bejing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New TechniqueBeijing University of AgricultureBeijing 102206China

Vitamin A deficiency remains a severe global health issue,which creates a need to biofortify crops with provitamin A carotenoids(PACs).Expanding plant cell capacity for synthesis and storing of PACs outside the plastids is a promising biofortification strategy that has been little ***,we engineered PAC formation and sequestration in the cytosol of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves,Arabidopsis seeds,and citrus callus cells,using a fungal(Neurospora crassa)carotenoid pathway that consists of only three enzymes converting C5 isopentenyl building blocks formed from mevalonic acid into PACs,including β-*** strategy led to the accumulation of significant amounts of phytoene and γ-and β-carotene,in addition to fungal,health-promoting carotenes with 13 conjugated double bonds,such as the PAC torulene,in the *** the isopentenyl diphosphate pool by adding a truncated Arabidopsis hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase substantially increased cytosolic carotene *** carotenes accumulate in cytosolic lipid droplets(CLDs),which represent a novel sequestering sink for storing these pigments in plant ***,β-carotene accumulated in the cytosol of citrus callus cells was more light stable compared to compared with plastidialβ-***,engineering cytosolic carotene formation increased the number of large-sized CLDs and the levels of β-apocarotenoids,including retinal,the aldehyde corresponding to vitamin ***,our study opens up the possibility of exploiting the high-flux mevalonic acid pathway for PAC biosynthesis and enhancing carotenoid sink capacity in green and non-green plant tissues,especially in lipid-storing seeds,and thus paves the way for further optimization of carotenoid biofortification in crops.

关键词： Neurospora crassa carotenoid biosynthesis provitamin A metabolic engineering synthetic metabolism cytosolic lipid droplets carotenoid sequestration carotenoid stability

Variations in the bifurcation level of the abdominal aorta, formation level of the inferior vena cava, and insertion level of the left renal vein into the inferior vena cava and their clinical importance in laparoscopic surgery

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2022年第2期5卷 66-70页

作者： Mustafa Khader Tala Ghassan Al-Hyasat ikram Yousef Salameh Amjad T.Shatarat Faculty of Medicine University of JordanAmmanJordan Department of Radiology Jordan University HospitalAmmanJordan Department of General Surgery Jordan University HospitalAmmanJordan Department of Anatomy and Histology Medical SchoolUniversity of JordanAmmanJordan

Objective: It is important to minimize the risk of major vascular injury during pneumoperitoneumestablishment in laparoscopic surgeries for patients with unusual variations in the levels of theabdominal aorta, the inferior vena cava (IVC), and the left renal vein, which will decrease the morbidityand mortality. The study aims to assess the variations regarding the bifurcation level of the abdominalaorta, formation level of the IVC, and insertion level of the left renal vein into the ***: This retrospective study was conducted on 100 patients (50 males and 50 females) referred tothe Department of Radiology, Jordan University Hospital for abdomino-pelvic CT with intra-venouscontrast from January 2018 to December 2019. The three vessels were determined on the axial plane,the coronal plane, and the midsagittal plane. The central vertebral body height as well as the distance ofthe level of the point of interest to the upper end plate of the vertebrae were measured. Afterwards, theresults were classified into the following categories, upper end plate, lower end plate, intervertebral disc,upper half, and lower half of the ***: The aortic bifurcation was mainly found at the level of the L4 vertebral body (65, 65%). In theremaining cases, the bifurcation was found to be variably located spanning from L3 in 11 (11%) cases to3 (3%) cases at L5. As for the iliocaval junction, the most common site was also at the level of L4 with41 (41%) cases followed by 39 (39%) cases at the level of L5, and 20 (20%) cases at the intervertebral discof L4/L5. The left renal vein most commonly joined the IVC at the level of L1 with 62 (62%) cases followedby 20 (20%) cases at the intervertebral disc T12/L1. There was wide variation in its entry to the IVCspanning from 4 (4%) cases at T12/L1 to 1 (1%) case at ***: The anatomical variation of the major vessels can be found in the normal ***, sufficient investigation of the anatomical position of these

关键词： Abdominal aorta Inferior vena cava Left renal vein Anatomic variation Laparoscopy

Electrical Resistivity due to Short-range Order in Ni_2Cr

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1997年第1期13卷 73-75页

作者： M.Arif and N.ikram (Centre for Solid State Physics, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan)A.Shaukat(Dept. of Physics, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan ) Centre for Solid State Physics Punjab University Lahore Pakistan Dept. of Physics Punjab University Lahore Pakistan

Residual electrical resistivity of Ni2Cr alloy due to short-range order (SRO) has been calculated at a temperature which is above the transition temperature, Tc, from long-range order to shortrange order. The atomic form factors for Ni and Cr are calculated in the pseudopotential formalism. We discuss the result of our calculations indicating a decrease in the value of residual electrical resistivity due to SRO in the light of experimental resistivity studies done on Ni72.5Cr27.5 and Ni65Cr35.

关键词： Electrical Resistivity due to Short-range Order in Ni2Cr Ni

Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia with spasticity due to a rare mutation in GBA2 gene in a large consanguineous Saudi family

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第1期8卷 110-114页

作者： Hussein Algahtani Bader Shirah ikram Ullah Mohammad H.Al-Qahtani Angham Abdulrahman Abdulkareem Muhammad Imran Naseer King Abdulaziz Medical City King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddahSaudi Arabia King Abdullah International Medical Research Center King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddahSaudi Arabia Sulaiman Bin Abdullah Aba Al-Khail Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences International Islamic UniversityIslamabadPakistan Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

The nonlysosomal glucosylceramidase b2(GBA2)gene encode an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide to glucose and *** in the GBA2 gene have been reported to cause hereditary spastic paraplegia,autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia with spasticity,and Marinescu-Sjogren-Like *** this study,we report the clinical features and genetic diagnosis of autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia with spasticity due to a rare mutation in GBA2 gene in a large consanguineous Saudi *** included a large consanguineous Saudi family with a presumptive clinical diagnosis of ataxia at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah,Saudi *** family included six affected individuals and four unaffected in addition to the *** exome sequencing(WES)was performed for the probandⅣ-5,and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the variant in other family *** study was performed using DNA from the parents and siblings of the *** analysis identified a homozygous variant c.2618G>A,p.(Arg873His)in GBA2 *** homozygous variant was identified in affected members of the family while the parents and the other four siblings were heterozygous carriers of the *** sibling was not available for genetic *** variant identified in our patients is classified as pathogenic considering the current evidence of the *** recessive cerebellar ataxia with spasticity is an extremely rare genetic disorder with very few cases reported in the *** conclude that the c.2617G>A mutation in GBA2 gene causes the loss of function with abolishment of the enzymatic activity that causes the *** report adds further evidence to support the pathogenicity of this *** patients had the classical clinical phenotype of cerebellar ataxia and spasticity consistent with previous reports in the literature.

关键词： Ataxia with spasticity Autosomal recessive GBA2 Novel mutation Saudi Arabia