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Single-Bit Comparator in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) Technology Using Novel QCAXNOR Gates

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2021年第3期19卷 263-273页

作者： ali hussien Majeed Mohd Shamian Zainal Esam Alkaldy Danial Md.NorNor Department of Electrical Engineering University of KufaNajaf 54003 Department of Electrical Engineering Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaParit Raja 86400

To fill the continuous needs for faster processing elements with less power consumption causes large pressure on the complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)technology *** scaling scenario is not an option nowadays and other technologies need to be *** quantum-dot cellular automata(QCA)technology is one of the important emerging nanotechnologies that have attracted much researchers’attention in recent *** technology has many interesting features,such as high speed,low power consumption,and small *** features make it an appropriate alternative to the CMOS *** paper suggests three novel structures of XNOR gates in the QCA *** presented structures do not follow the conventional approaches to the logic gates design but depend on the inherent capabilities of the new *** proposed structures are used as the main building blocks for a single-bit *** resulted circuits are simulated for the verification purpose and then compared with existing counterparts in the *** comparison results are encouraging to append the proposed structures to the library of QCA gates.

关键词： Nanotechnology quantum-dot cellular automata(QCA) QCA comparator XNOR gate XOR gate

A Multi-Level Threshold Method for Edge Detection and Segmentation Based on Entropy

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第4期63卷 1-16页

作者： Mohamed A.El-Sayed Abdelmgeid A.ali Mohamed E.hussien Hameda A.Sennary Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceFayoum UniversityFayoumEgypt.CurrentlyComputer Science DepartmentTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia Computer Science Department Faculty of Computers and Information Minia UniversityMiniaEgypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAswan UniversityAswanEgypt

The essential tool in image processing,computer vision and machine vision is edge detection,especially in the fields of feature extraction and feature *** is a basic area in information *** entropy,in image processing field has a role associated with image *** an initial step in image processing,the entropy is always used the image’s segmentation to determine the regions of image which is used to separate the background and objects in *** segmentation known as the process which divides the image into multiple regions or sets of *** applications have been development to enhance the image *** paper utilizes the Shannon entropy to achieve edge detection process and segmentation of the *** introduces a new method of edge detection for 2-D histogram and Shannon entropy based on multilevel *** method utilizes the gray value and the average gray value of the pixels to achieve the two dimensional *** current method has apriority in comparison to some upper classical *** experimental results exhibited that the proposed method could capture a moderate quality and execution time better than other comparative methods,particularly in the largest images *** proposed method offers good results when applied with images of different sizes from the civilization of ancient Egyptians.

关键词： Multi-level threshold edge detection 2D histogram entropy

Relationship between Vegetation Height and Species Richness of Birds in Some Wetlands of Sinnar State, Sudan

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Journal of Zoological Research 2020年第4期2卷 14-18页

作者： Mohamed Elmekki ali Elbadawi hussien Department of wildlife Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental StudiesUniversity of SinnarSudan

Objectives of this study were to: identify the relationship between vegetationhigheit and birds’ species at various wetlands of Sinnar State;This study was conducted in Sinnar state, central Sudan (Latitudes 05º -12º to 05º -14º N and longitudes 32.9º - 35.4º E), covering 12 wetlands(mayas) during the wet and the dry season duration 2011 - 2013;thewetlands are Ronga, Allahmaana, Gladeem, Elban, Rahad Kobri 45,Lawni, Kinnaf Tura 5, Rigaba, Shamiya, Wad elggack, Homrani andSinnar Dam reservoir. The study focused on abundance of herbaceousvegetation, Parameters of herbaceous vegetation were determined at50-m intervals along line transects;these parameters were plant countsand vegetation height in a 1-m circular quadrat. Birds were countedtwice a day (morning and evening) in all wetlands with the help of telescopesand binoculars, and species utilizing each site of the wetlandsare identified. Excel programme was used for data analysis. Vegetationheight is negatively correlated with birds’ species richness in wet seasonsof 2011 - 2012 and 2012 - 2013, positively correlated in the dryseason when herbaceous vegetation is tall, but negatively correlatedwhen it is short.

关键词： Herbaceous Abundance Diversity Richness Heights Wetlands Birds Vegetation

Post-cholecystectomy iatrogenic bile duct injuries:Emerging role for endoscopic management

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第12期15卷 2709-2718页

作者： Mohamed H Emara Mohammed hussien Ahmed Mohamed I Radwan Emad Hassan Emara Magdy Basheer Ahmed ali Asem Ahmed Elfert Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt Department of Tropical Medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Kafrelsheikh UniversityKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt Department of Surgery Mansoura UniversityMansours 44176Egypt Department of Emergency Hargeisa Group HospitalHargeisa 1235Somalia Department of Tropical Medicine Tanta UniversityTanta 33120Egypt

Post-cholecystectomy iatrogenic bile duct injuries(IBDIs),are not uncommon and although the frequency of IBDIs vary across the literature,the rates following the procedure of laparoscopic cholecystectomy are much higher than open *** injuries caries a great burden on the patients,physicians and the health care systems and sometime are *** are associated with different manifestations that are not limited to abdominal pain,bile leaks from the surgical drains,peritonitis with fever and sometimes *** injuries if not witnessed during the surgery,can be diagnosed by combining clinical manifestations,biochemical tests and imaging *** such techniques abdominal US is usually the first choice while Magnetic Resonance Cholangio-Pancreatography seems the most *** approach was the ideal approach for such cases,however the introduction of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography(ERCP)was a paradigm shift in the management of such injuries due to accepted success rates,lower cost and lower rates of associated morbidity and ***,the literature lacks consensus for the optimal timing of ERCP intervention in the management of *** management of IBDIs can be tailored according to the nature of the underlying *** the subgroup of patients with complete bile duct ligation and lost ductal continuity,transfer to surgery is indicated without *** patients will not benefit from endoscopy and hence should not do unnecessary *** low–flow leaks *** bed leaks,conservative management for 1-2 wk prior to ERCP is advised,in contrary to high-flow leaks *** duct leaks and stricture lesions in whom early ERCP is *** plus stenting is the ideal management line for cases of *** radiologic techniques are promising options especially for cases of failed endoscopic repair and also for cases with altered *** studies will

关键词： Iatrogenic bile duct injuries Cholecystectomy Surgical repair Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography Interventional radiology

Overall Assessment of Heat Transfer for a Rarefied Flow in a Microchannel with Obstacles Using Lattice Boltzmann Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第1期138卷 273-299页

作者： Siham Hammid Khatir Naima Omolayo M.Ikumapayi Cheikh Kezrane Abdelkrim Liazid Jihad Asad Mokdad Hayawi Rahman Farhan Lafta Rashid Naseer ali hussien Younes Menni Laboratory of Development in Mechanics and Materials(LDMM) Zian Achour UniversityDjelfaPB 3117Algeria Department of Technology University Center Salhi Ahmed Naama(Ctr.Univ.Naama)P.O.Box 66Naama45000Algeria Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti360101Nigeria Departement of Physics Faculty of ScienceAbou Bekr Belkaid UniversityTlemcen13000Algeria Department of Physics Faculty of Applied SciencesPalestine Technical University-KadoorieTulkarmPalestine Aeronautical Technical Engineering Al-Farahidi UniversityBaghdad10011Iraq Mechanical Engineering Department University of KerbalaKarbala56001Iraq Information and Communication Technology Research Group Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq National University of Science and Technology Dhi QarIraq

The objective of this investigation is to assess the effect of obstacles on numerical heat transfer and fluid flow momentum in a rectangular microchannel(MC).Two distinct configurations were studied:one without obstacles and the other with alternating obstacles placed on the upper and lower *** research utilized the thermal lattice Boltzmann method(LBM),which solves the energy and momentum equations of fluids with the BGK approximation,implemented in a Python coding *** jump and slip velocity conditions were utilized in the simulation for the MC and extended to all obstacle *** study aims to analyze the rarefaction effect,with Knudsen numbers(Kn)of 0.012,0.02,and *** outcomes indicate that rarefaction has a significant impact on the velocity and temperature *** presence of nine obstacles led to slower fluid movement inside the microchannel MC,resulting in faster cooling at the *** MCs with obstacles,the rarefaction effect plays a crucial role in decreasing the Nusselt number(Nu)and skin friction coefficient(Cf).Furthermore,the study demonstrated that the obstacles played a crucial role in boosting fluid flow and heat transfer in the *** findings suggest that the examined configurations could have potential applications as cooling technologies in micro-electro-mechanical systems and microdevice applications.

关键词： Microfluid rarefied flow LBM microchannel Knudsen number numerical simulation

Evaluation of Actual Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient in Carrot by Remote Sensing Methodology Using Drainage and River Water to Overcome Reduced Water Availability

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Engineering（科研） 2023年第5期15卷 352-366页

作者： ali H. Hommadi Nadhir Al-Ansari Hatem H. hussien Rafat N. Abd Algan Ghaith M. ali Majed National Center for Water Resource Management Ministry of Water Resource Baghdad Iraq Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden

Searching for alternative methods for traditional irrigation is World trend at days due to a reduction in water and increased of drought due to climate changes therefore farmers need use modern methods of scheduling water and minimizing water losses while also increasing yield. To meet the future increasing demands water and food there is a need to utilize alternative methods to reduce evaporation, transpiration and deep percolation of water. Any countries use recycled water (drain and sewage) and desalination water from the sea or drains to irrigate crops plus computing actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc) so as to calculate the amount of water to apply to a crop. The paper aims to assess the actual evaporation and evaporation coefficient of carrots, by planting carrots in a field and the crop was exposed to several sources of water (DW and RW) and comparing ETc, Kc and production among plots of three sites (A, B and C). The study used two types of irrigation water (drain water (DW) and river water (RW)). The results were to monthly rate and accumulated actual evapotranspiration to C (irrigation by RW only) more than A (67% RW and 33% DW) and B (17% RW and 83% DW) via 7% and 58%, respectively. The yield to C more than A and B by 17% and 75%, respectively. In conclusion the use of DW can cause a reduction in crop consumptive of carrot crops also causes a reduction in yield, crop length, root length, root size, canopy of crop, number of leaves and biomass of the plant therefore, the drainage water needs to treated before irrigating crops And making use of it to irrigate the fields and fill the shortfall in the amount of water from the river. The drain water helped on filling the water shortage due to climate changes and giving production of carrot crop but less than river water.

关键词： Carrot Reference Evapotranspiration Actual Evapotranspiration (ETa) Marginal Water Crop Coefficient Landsat Satellite

Isolation of Pathogenic Gram-Negative Bacteria from Urinary Tract Infected Patients

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2016年第2期6卷 59-65页

作者： Mahmood K. Salih Nizar I. Alrabadi Karkaz M. Thalij ali S. hussien Department of Biology College of Education for Pure Sciences Tikrit University Tikrit Iraq Department of Food Science and Nutrition Faculty of Agriculture Jerash University Jerash Jordan Department of Biology Iraqi University Baghdad Iraq

This study investigated the susceptibility pattern of different bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection to different antibiotics. 83 uropathogen bacteria were isolated from 300 urine samples taken from patients attended to Tikrit Teaching Hospital from March, 2011 through February, 2012. The patients were males and females aged between 4 days to 95 years. Bacteria obtained from urine samples were cultured and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to 16 kinds of antibiotics. Urine samples were cultured on different media and incubated, thereafter bacteria were isolated and purified by streaking four times on the same media;isolates were identified depending on morphological, microscopic, and biochemical characteristics. The isolated strains of bacteria were tested for their susceptibility to some antibiotics using disk diffusion method. The antagonistic activity was evaluated by observing a clear zone of inhibition growth. The results showed that the bacterial species of Eschericia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Citrobacter diversus, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Yersinia pestis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca and Hafnia alvei were identified in 44 (53%), 18 (21.7%), 4 (4.8%), 4 (4.8%), 3 (3.6%), 3 (3.6%), 3 (3.6%), 2 (2.4%), 1 (1.2%) and 1 (1.2%), respectively, of the isolates. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that 83 (100%) isolates were resistant to Ampicillin, Rifampicin and Erythromycin. 75 (90.3%) isolates were resistant to Cefotaxime, 67 (80.7%) isolates were resistant to Tobramyci. 66 (79.5%), 65 (78.3%), 56 (67.4%) and 48 (57.8%) isolates showed susceptibility to Nalidixic acid, Tetracycline, Nitrofurantoin, Chloramphenicol, respectively. 45 (54.2%) isolates were resistant to Azithromycin, Norfloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. Meropenem, Gentamicin, Amikacin, and Imipenem show significant effect on 35 (42.1%), 32 (38.5%), 27 (32.5%) and 1 (1.2%) isolates, respectively. In conclusion, signif

关键词： Urinary Tract Infections Antibiotics Bacteria Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test

Determination of Clopidogrel Carboxylic Acid in Human Plasma by LC-MS/MS

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第4期2卷 447-455页

作者： Mohamed El-Husseiny El-Sadek Samia Mahmoud Moustafa hussien Omar Kadi Abdul Moneim ali Al-Hakami 不详

Background: Clopidogrel, is a thienopyridine derivative labeled for use to prevent thrombosis after coronary artery stenting. Pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel is studied indirectly by quantification of carboxylic acid which is a major metabolite of Clopidogrel. Objective: The aim of this work is to develop and validate a rapid, simple and sensitive LC/MS/MS assay method for the determination of Clopidogrel carboxylic acid in human plasma using Clopidogrel-D4-carboxylic acid as internal standard. Methods: Analytes was extracted from 200 μl of plasma by a simple liquid-liquid extraction using diethyl ether – n-hexane (80:20, v/v). The chromatographic separations were achieved on a C18 column using Methanol, de-ionized water and formic acid as a mobile phase at flow rate of 0.5 ml/minute. Analysis was monitored by multiple reactions monitoring mode based on m/z transition of 308.10→113 for Clopidogrel carboxylic acid and 312.10→129 for internal standard. Result: The method had a total run time of about 4 minutes. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 25 ng/ml showing good linearity over the working range of 25 – 3000 ng/ml (r ≥ 0.999). The intra- and inter day accuracies were 90% - 98% and 92.138% - 96.889% respectively (deviation within acceptable range ≤ 10%).Conclusion: It was shown that this method is suitable for pharmacokinetic study following oral administration of Clopidogrel and can be successfully applied to the therapeutic drug monitoring of Clopidogrel in Clopidogrel-treated patients.

关键词： Clopidogrel Clopidogrel Carboxylic Acid Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Factors Influencing Academic Motivation among UOS Medical Students

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Journal of Health Science 2017年第4期5卷 177-180页

作者： Khalid Sawalha Mai Al ali Ahmad Sawalha Hu Ko Ikram Abdelli Salwa El Shawish Amal hussien College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah 27272 United Arab Emirates

Motivation has been found to play a major role in determining student performance in the academic process. The aim of this study is to identify the intrinsic ＆ extrinsic motivational factors among medical students in the University of Sharjah. A Cross Sectional Study was conducted among university students of medical colleges in the period between February 2011 and March 2011. A total of 452 students （337 females and 115 males） were selected using the Quota sampling method equally between each college. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of 13 demographic questions, an agreement scale of 32 questions about the motivational factors and an open ended question asking students about what the university can do to help motivate them were developed. The most common intrinsic factors chosen by students were grade expectation （94%）, interest in material （92%） and leading an honorable life （88%）. While on the other hand the most common extrinsic factors were upcoming exams （88%）, family expectations （88%） and praise （82%）. The most common factors were similar between all students regardless of their major, gender, or performance. However, differences were visible in other factors such as in high performing students; rewards scored a 71.4% while low performing students scored it at 50%. It also shows that females consider praise as an important factor （86%） on the contrary males gave it a 72%. While the most common intrinsic factors showed to be grades, interest in material and leading an honorable life, the most common extrinsic factors on the other hand were upcoming exams, family expectations and praise.

关键词： Academic motivation motivational factors College of Medicine University of Sharjah.