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Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Uropathogenic Bacteria from Sexually Active Women with Bacterial Vaginosis

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第11期9卷 52-67页

作者： Chinedum Taahie Oparaugo Bamidele Abiodun Iwalokun Adesegun Abiola Adesesan idowu olaide edu-muyideen Abimbola Modupe Adedeji Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi Mopelola Anotu Deji-Agboola Biochemistry & Nutrition Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Nigeria Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Central Research Laboratory Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Microbiology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Monitoring & Evaluation Unit Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Clinical Science Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women with bacterial vaginosis (BV) continue to pose tremendous health concerns and require appropriate use of antibiotics for effective case management. This study determined the prevalence, etiology and antibiotic resistance profile of uropathogenic bacteria isolated from sexually active women with BV in Lagos Nigeria. Method: A total of 258 sexually active women presenting with gynaecological complaints at the maternal and child unit of twenty Primary Health Care Centres in Lagos Nigeria from May 2017 to March 2018 were consecutively enrolled with consent. Bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed based on Amsel criteria. Midstream urine samples were collected aseptically, analyzed for bacterial pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility using standard microbiological methods. Results: BV was diagnosed in 184 (71.3%) with 69.2% also having UTI. Ninety four (36.4%) had UTI predominantly caused by Gram negative bacteria (96.8%). The organisms isolated were Escherichia coli 79 (84.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 5 (5.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 (4.3%), Proteus mirabilis 3 (3.2%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus 3 (3.2%). The pathogens elicited high resistance (66.7% - 100%) to tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, nitrofurantoin and cephalosporins, and moderate resistance (50%) to ofloxacin by P. aeruginosa strains. The isolates were susceptible (100%) to piperacillin-tazobactam and meropenem. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was observed among 97.8% of the bacteria isolated. Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate high occurrence of UTI caused by MDR pathogens among sexually active women with BV with emerging evidence of poor clinical utility of nitrofurantoin and other commonly used first-line antibiotics against UTI. Further studies on non-bacterial aetiology of BV, molecular characterization of S. sa

关键词： Urinary Pathogens Antibiotics Susceptibility Bacterial Vaginosis Women

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Occurrence and Clinical Characteristics of Vaginitis among Women of Reproductive Age in Lagos, Nigeria

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2022年第4期10卷 91-105页

作者： Chinedum Taahie Oparaugo Bamidele Abiodun Iwalokun Francisca Obiageri Nwaokorie Nathaniel Adeleke Okunloye Adesegun Abiola Adesesan idowu olaide edu-muyideen Abimbola Modupe Adedeji Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi Mopelola Anotu Deji-Agboola Biochemistry & Nutrition Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Nigeria Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Central Research Laboratory Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science College of Medicine University of Lagos Idi-Araba Lagos Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Microbiology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Monitoring & Evaluation Unit Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Clinical Science Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria

Background: Vaginitis is an important public health problem globally. It is associated with gynaecological and obstetric complications. Vulvovaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis are mainly responsible for vaginitis. The aim of this study is to determine the occurrence, clinical characteristics and associated risk factors of vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis among women of reproductive age attending Primary Health Care centres in Lagos Nigeria. Methods:This cross-sectional study recruited 258 women with genital complaints after obtaining their informed written consent between May 2017 and March 2018. Structured questionnaires were administered and high vaginal swabs were collected for laboratory examination. The results were analysed with descriptive statistics, chi-square and simple logistic regression. Results: Out of the 210 (81.4%) of the women with one or more vaginal infections, 105 (50.0%), 26 (12.4%) had bacterial vaginosis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis respectively while 78 (37.1%) had both vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis. Only 1 (0.5%) participant had trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis. History of abortion and age below 25 years were associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis while pregnancy, history of miscarriage, age at first sexual activity and discharge were associated with bacterial vaginosis. Itching was associated with both vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis. Conclusion: This study revealed vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis as important cause of genital complaints among reproductive age women in Lagos. Health education, robust diagnosis and early treatment are needed in order to reduce the associated risk factors, disease burden and complications.

关键词： Vaginitis Women Reproductive Age

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<i>In Vitro</i>Susceptibility of Dermatophytes to Anti-Fungal Drugs and Aqueous <i>Acacia nilotica</i>Leaf Extract in Lagos, Nigeria

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第2期14卷 74-82页

作者： Muinah A. Fowora Faustina U. Onyeaghasiri Abdul Lateef O. Olanlege idowu O. edu-muyideen Olumide O. Adebesin Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria FOWM Biotechnology Limited Lagos Nigeria Department of Microbiology College of Biosciences Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Abeokuta Nigeria Department of Microbiology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Cell Biology and Genetics University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

Dermatophytes were earlier reported to respond well to anti-fungal agents;however, an upsurge in resistance with the high cost of these agents increased the use of medicinal plants for treatment. This study investigated the sensitivity pattern of dermatophytes to oral anti-fungal drugs and aqueous leaf extract of the plant, Acacia nilotica. The extract was tested against seven strains of dermatophytes Arthroderma otae, Trichophyton interdigitale, Trichophyton mentagrophyte, Microsporum ferrugineum, Arthroderma vespertilii, Arthroderma quadrifidum, and Arthroderma multifidum, previously isolated from diabetic patients. The minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of the plant extracts and the standard antifungal agents were evaluated using modifications of the broth macro dilution method of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M38-A2 protocol. There was a significant difference in the Minimum Inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the dermatophytes to the three antifungal drugs tested (p Acacia nilotica had an inhibitory effect on all the dermatophytes tested, and showed anti-fungal activity in a dose-dependent relationship between 0.625 - 1.25 mg/ml. Though the inhibitions of the dermatophytes were significantly higher with the standard anti-fungal drugs as compared to the plant extract (p Arthroderma quadrifidum, which was resistant to all the anti-fungal drugs, had the highest inhibition with A. nilotica. Some circulating dermatophyte strains in Nigeria are griseofulvin and/or itraconazole resistant which may influence the spread of infection and A. nilotica aqueous leaf extract showed a strong anti-dermatophytic activity.

关键词： Acacia nilotica Anti-Fungal Agent Dermatophytes Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Minimum Fungicidal Concentration

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