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Correlation between Total PSA Level and the Histoprognostic Gleason Score

Open Journal of Pathology 2024年第2期14卷 69-80页

作者： Fabrice Senghor ibou thiam Kor Ndiaye Kassoum Badji Department of Pathological Anatomy H&#244pital de La Paix Ziguinchor Senegal Department of Pathological Anatomy CHU Aristide le Dantec Dakar Senegal

Prostate cancer is a public health problem in Senegal. It is one of the most common cancers in men and can be detected early by PSA measurement and confirmed by the pathological study which specifies the histological type and evaluates the histoprognostic scores (Gleason and pTNM). We did not find any anatomopathological study highlighting a link between the PSA t rate and histoprognostic Gleason scores in Senegal. Objective: We carried out this work aimed at determining whether there is a correlation between the PSA t rate and the histoprognostic Gleason score, in our context. Methodology: This is a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study conducted from January 2013 to October 2021, based on histologically proven prostate cancer cases with a specified PSA level, diagnosed in the pathological anatomy and cytology laboratory of Aristide Le Dantec hospital. Results: We identified 654 cases of prostate cancer. The average age was 68.59 ± 5.8 years with extremes of 40 years to 92 years. More than half of our cohort presented a clinical stage T2c, i.e. 56.94%. The average prostate volume on ultrasound was 81.81 ± 66 cc. The median PSA t was 110.5 ng/ml, with extremes ranging from 2 ng/ml to 74,770 ng/ml. Prostatic adenocarcinoma was the only histological type found in our patients. There was a predominance of Gleason score 6 (PICU grade group 1) observed in 35.17% of patients. Well-differentiated cancers were predominant and represented 35.17%. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between PSA t level and Gleason score (Spearman’s Rho = 0.305, p = 0.000). Conclusion: This study shows that in the Senegalese population, in patients with prostate cancer, the higher the PSA t level rises above normal, the higher the Gleason score tends to be.

关键词： Prostate Cancer PSAt Gleason Dakar

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Intraductal Prostatic Carcinoma: Epidemiological and Anatomopathological Aspects in Dakar

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Open Journal of Pathology 2024年第2期14卷 54-63页

作者： ibou thiam Fabrice Senghor Omar Sow Kor Ndiaye Mohamed Moustapha Chérif Dial Anatomical Pathology Department Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Dakar Senegal Anatomical Pathology Department Peace Hospital Ziguinchor Senegal General Surgery Department Peace Hospital Ziguinchor Senegal Anatomical Pathology Department Idrissa Pouye University Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Intraductal carcinoma is often associated with high-grade, high-stage adenocarcinoma. Its frequency is variable and it is considered a poor prognostic factor. In our context, when prostatic carcinoma is diagnosed, pathologists do not always report the presence of this anatomopathological entity. We therefore conducted a study to determine the epidemiological and anatomopathological profile of patients with this lesion in Dakar. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study covering a 1-year period from January to December 2022. It focused on cases of intraductal carcinoma diagnosed among prostatic carcinomas collected in the anatomopathology laboratories of Hôpital Général Idrissa Pouye (HOGIP) and Hôpital Militaire de Ouakam (HMO). It was based on archives of anatomopathological reports, blocks and slides. A total of 200 cases of prostatic carcinoma were collated and reviewed to identify those presenting with intraductal carcinoma according to the diagnostic criteria of Guo and Epstein. Results: 87 cases of intraductal carcinoma were found, representing 43.5% of prostatic carcinomas. The mean age was 71 years. Patients in their seventh decade were the most represented, i.e. 42.5%. The majority of samples examined were biopsies (72.4%). The mean PSA level was 965.91 ng/ml, with extremes ranging from 0.03 to 10,000 ng/ml. Histologically, 96.5% of cases (N = 84) were invasive prostatic carcinoma. Gleason score 8 (4 + 4) was the most common, accounting for 42.53% (N = 37). On average, the study found four (04) foci of intraductal carcinoma per specimen, with extremes ranging from 1 to 30. Dense cribriform architecture accounted for 78.16%, loose cribriform for 11.5%, solid for 8.04% and micropapillary for 2.3%. Six cases (6.9%) showed foci of comedonecrosis. The vast majority of radical prostatectomies (87.5%) were classified as pT3. Node invasion and perineural sheathing were observed in 12.5% and 52.32% of cases respectively. Conclusi

关键词： Intraductal Carcinoma Prostate Pathological Anatomy Senegal

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Contribution of Anti-p63 Antibodies in the Interpretation of Benign Label Prostatic Biopsies

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Open Journal of Pathology 2024年第2期14卷 31-44页

作者： ibou thiam Fabrice Senghor Frenette Codja Kor Ndiaye Mohamed Moustapha Cherif Dial Pathological Anatomy Department Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Dakar Senegal Pathological Anatomy Department H&#244pital de la Paix Ziguinchor Senegal Pathological Anatomy Department Idrissa Pouye University Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. The diagnosis is most often based on the prostate biopsies’ analysis and on histological criteria recognizable on standard coloring. In some cases, the use of immunohistochemistry is important. Objectives: This paper aims to specify the p63 phenotypic profile of lesions diagnosed benign, with minimal suspect foci, difficult to interpret, HGPIN (high grade intraepithelial neoplasia) and LGPIN (low-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia) and evaluate the manual technique of p63 immunohistochemistry. Patients and Method: This was a retrospective, descriptive study of prostate biopsies recorded in the PAC service of the HALD from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2018. It was completed by a manual immunohistochemical study of the blocks enrolled from November 19th to December 4th, 2020 in the PAC department of the HPD. The studied parameters were: registry number, age, clinical stage, prostate volume, PSA level, microscopic appearance and p63 immunohistochemical profile. Results: Our study included 60 prostate biopsies. The ages of our patients varied from 45 to 77 years, with an average of 64.2 years and a standard deviation of 6.2. The majority of patients were at clinical stage cT2b (33%) with a prostate volume varying between 33.15 and 169.4 cc. The minimum value of PSA in our series is 5 ng/ml, the maximum being 100 ng/ml with an average level of 24.1 ng/ml and a standard deviation of 21.2. Our series included 50 adenomyomatous hyperplasias, 7 adenomyomatous hyperplasias associated with chronic prostatitis, 2 HGPIN and 1 LGPIN. After re-reading we found 5 discordant cases, which corresponded to minimal suspect foci (kappa = 0.5098). The p63 marking was informative in 53 cases, i.e. 88%, and non-informative in 7 cases, i.e. 12%. Among the uninformative markings, 2 were due to lack of tissue adhesion to the slides. Among the informative markings, 11 were negative. p63 immunohistochemistry was

关键词： Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Anti-p6 Antibody

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Sudden Cardiac Death in Dakar: Epidemiological and Anatomo-Pathological Characteristics

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2019年第3期7卷 51-61页

作者： El Hadji Oumar Ndoye Amadou Mouctar Diallo ibou thiam Mouhamed Manibiliot Soumah Sidy Ahmed Dia Mor Ndiaye Forensic and Labor Medicine Department Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Forensic Department Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Guinea

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) generally refers to sudden cardiovascular death of a person with or without pre-existing heart disease. This is a retrospective study conducted at the Department of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology at Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Senegal. This study covers a period of 7 years from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2006. During this 7-year period we collected 235 cases of sudden cardiovascular death out of a total of 3717 forensic autopsies, representing a frequency of 6.32%. Sudden cardiovascular deaths accounted for 75.3% of all 312 sudden deaths. 96.1% were black compared to 3.9% Caucasians. The average age of the patients was 46.86 years with extremes ranging from 17 to 86 years. The most affected age group was between 50 - 59 years old, representing 23.4% of the cases. The sex ratio was 4.3 in favour of men. Men aged 50 - 59 were the most affected, while women were more affected in the 20 - 29 age group. Cardiomyopathies constituted 54.9% with 90% of dilated cardiomyopathies of which 75% were male and 10% of hypertrophic cardiomyopathies more frequent also in men. Valvulopathies came in 3rd position with 3.4% of the cases and in 75% of the cases they were poly-valvulopathies. Atherosclerosis was incriminated in 2.5% of the cases and aortic localization was the most represented. Aortic dissection was implicated in 6 cases out of 235 or 2.5%. It was isolated in 4 cases (without other cardiac conditions), and in the other 2 cases it was accompanied by other cardiac lesions including hypertrophy, pericarditis and endocarditis. The other causes found were interauricular communication (n = 1) and pericarditis (n = 2). Sudden cardiovascular death is a major global public health problem. The lack of epidemiological data on sudden death in Africa motivated our work, which led us to note that 75.3% of all sudden deaths in adults were of cardiovascular origin.

关键词： Sudden Cardiac Death Forensic Medicine Autopsy

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Laryngeal Cancers at the Pathological Anatomical Laboratory (ACP) in Dakar about 215 Cases

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Open Journal of Pathology 2023年第2期13卷 79-86页

作者： Marie Joseph Dieme Ahouidi Adama Diedhiou Abdou Magib Gaye Dibor Niang Falilatou Seidou ibou thiam Cherif Mouhamed Moustapha Dial Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Fann Hospital Dakar Sénégal Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Sénégal Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Gaston Berger University St Louis Sénégal Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Idrissa Pouye Hospital Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Laryngeal cancer is the first cancer of upper aerodigestive tract. Dysphonia, dyspnea and dysphagia are evocative signs. Diagnosis is histological and squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type. The objective of our study was to discuss epidemiological and anatomo-pathological characteristics of laryngeal cancers diagnosed in different pathological anatomy and cytology (ACP) laboratories of Dakar hospitals. Material and method: This was a retrospective study spanning from January 2013 to December 2018 at the pathological anatomy laboratories of Fann, Aristide Le Dantec and Idrissa Pouye hospitals. All patients with laryngeal cancer confirmed at histology were included. Data collection was based on clinical records of the patients and archives of histological reports of the pathological laboratories. Data analysis was performed under the Excel software. Results: We collected 215 cases of laryngeal cancer. The average age was 58.01 years with extremes of 07 and 94 years. The male sex was predominant with 183 patients (85.12%) against 32 women (14.88%). The most noted risk factor was tobacco which affected 14 patients, or 60.87%. Three patients (13.04%) did not present any alcohol-smoking impregnation. Clinically, dysphonia was noted in 22 patients (26.51%). It was associated with dyspnea in 0.48% of cases and dysphagia in 3.61%. Laryngoscopy was performed in 62 patients or 28.83% of cases, nasofibroscopy in 6.45% of cases. Cord arythenoid fixity was noted in two patients (3.23%) and hypo-mobility in 1 patient (1.61%). The most frequent local extension was involvement of the piriform sinus with 11.29% of cases. Palpable lymphadenopathy reported in 17 patients (20.48%). Pathological examination was performed in all patients after post endoscopic biopsy in 92 patients (42.79%), and after obtaining the operative specimen in 123 cases (57.21%). The three floors affected 76 patients (35.35%). The ulcerative budding aspect most noted concerned 108 patients

关键词： Laryngeal Cancer Carcinoma Dakar

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Rhabdomyosarcoma in Dakar: An Update on Pronostics Factors

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Open Journal of Pathology 2022年第1期12卷 37-45页

作者： Abdou Magib Gaye Marie Joseph Dieme-Haouidi ibou thiam Fabrice Senghor Gabriel Nougnignon Comlan Deguenonvo Cherif Mouhamed Moustapha Dial Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory of the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory of the Fann Hospital Dakar Senegal Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Dakar Senegal

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) belongs to the soft tissue sarcomas that have striated muscle differentiation. It is most common in young children under 5 years of age and adolescents. The definite diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma is based on histology and the positivity of striated muscle markers in immunohistochemistry. Our objective was to describe the prognostic characteristics of RMS diagnosed in Dakar. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective and descriptive study spread over nine (09) years from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2019. It was conducted from the histological report archives of the anatomy and pathology laboratories of Dakar. Paraffin blocks were reread and immunohistochemically studied by manual method. Antidesmin and antimyogenin antibodies were used. RESULTS: We collected 44 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma out of 228 cases of soft tissue cancers, i.e. 19.29% of all malignant soft tissue tumours. The mean age of the patients was 25.41 ± 23.95 (standard deviation) years with a median age of 16 years and extremes of 6 months and 81 years. Patients were less than or equal to 17 years of age in 61.4% of cases. A clear male predominance was observed with 29 men (65.9%) against 15 women (34.1%). Rhabdomyosarcomas were located in the limbs in 34.1% of cases, in the head and neck in 29.5% of cases and in the genitourinary tract in 25% of cases. The average tumour size was 7.45 cm ± 4.64 (standard deviation) with a minimum of 2 cm and a maximum of 17 cm. It was greater than or equal to 5 cm in 15 patients (68.2%). Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) was the most frequent histological type with 34 cases (77.3%), followed by pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma 7 cases (15.9%) and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma 3 cases (6.8%). The histological subtypes of ERMS consisted of conventional ERMS (91.18%);botryoid RMS (5.88%) and spindle cell RMS (2.94%). The correlation between histological type and age was statistically significant (p = 0.039). A relationship was also observ

关键词： Rhabdomyosarcoma Prognosis Histology Dakar

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Epidermal Inclusion Cyst: A Rare Benign Breast Lesion

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Open Journal of Pathology 2022年第2期12卷 64-69页

作者： Abdou Magib Gaye Modukpè Colette Nadine Odah Moussa Guira Fabrice Senghor Gabriel Nougnignon Comlan Deguenonvo Amadou Ndiade ibou thiam Marie Joseph Dieme-Ahouidi Cherif Mouhamed Moustapha Dial Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Public Care Center of Richard Toll Saint-Louis Senegal Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Dakar Senegal Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Fann Hospital Dakar Senegal

Epidermal inclusion cyst in the breast is an uncommon condition. It may be congenital, originating from hair follicles or occurring after trauma (breast reduction or breast cytology puncture) or consists of squamous metaplasia of the regular columnar epithelium within an ectatic ductus galactophorus. We report the case of a 22-year-old woman, with two pregnancies and with no particular pathological history, who presented with a 3 cm nodule of the right breast at the union of the upper quadrants, firm, mobile and painless. The skin, areola and nipple were unaffected. The axillary areas and the contralateral breast were unremarkable. The breast ultrasound showed a heterogeneous and well circumscribed hypoechoic mass classified as ACR3. Macroscopic examination revealed a unilocular cyst with a discretely thickened wall, abundant yellowish contents and measuring 2 cm on a long axis. Histologically, it was a cystic cavity whose wall was lined with a pseudo stratified keratinized squamous epithelium with a granular layer and whose lumen contained keratin lamellae. This cyst is surrounded by a more or less fibrous pallial tissue containing regular, sometimes dilated or even cystic milk ducts. The diagnosis of epidermal inclusion cyst of the breast on a background of fibrocystic mastopathy was thus concluded. The importance of this benign lesion lies in the differentiation between other non-neoplastic and neoplastic breast lesions.

关键词： Epidermal Inclusion Cyst Breast Fibrocystic Mastopathy Dakar Senegal

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Assessing the Applicability of Multi-Source Precipitation Products over the Chinese Mainland and Its Seven Regions

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第3期30卷 275-288页

作者： TIAN Wei WU Yun-long LIN Chen ZHANG Jing-guo LIM KAM SIAN Kenny thiam Choy School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 China School of Atmospheric Science and Remote Sensing Wuxi UniversityWuxiJiangsu 214105 China

Satellite-based and reanalysis precipitation products provide valuable information for various ***,their performance varies widely across regions due to different data sources and production *** paper evaluated the daily performance of four precipitation products(MSWEP,ERA5,PERSIANN,and TRMM)for seven regions of the Chinese mainland,using observations from 2462 ground stations across the country as a *** used four statistical and four classification indicators to describe their spatial and temporal accuracy,and capability to detect precipitation events while analyzing their *** results show that according to the precipitation char-acteristics and accuracy of different types of precipitation products over the Chinese mainland,MSWEP was the most suitable product over the Chinese mainland,having the lowest root mean square error and mean absolute error,along with the highest coefficient of *** was followed by TRMM and ERA5,whereas PERSIANN lagged behind in terms of *** terms of different regions,MSWEP still performed well,especially in North China and East *** accuracy of the four precipitation products was relatively low in the summer months,and they all overestimated in the northwest *** other months,MSWEP and TRMM were better than PERSIANN and *** four precipitation products had good detection performance over the Chinese mainland,with probability of detection above ***,with the increase of precipitation threshold,the detection capability of the four products decreased,and MSWEP and ERA5 had good detection capability for moderate ***’s detection capability for heavy rain and rainstorms was better than that of the other three products,and PERSIANN’s detection capability for moderate rain,heavy rain and rainstorms was relatively poor,with a large deviation.

关键词： precipitation product MSWEP TRMM ERA5 PERSIANN

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Neuroanatomical Basis of Postoperative Pain and Assessment of Its Management in a Series of Patients Undergoing Caesarean Sections

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2024年第2期12卷 21-32页

作者： Moustapha Diedhiou Philippe Manyacka Ma Nyemb Ndiamé Sarr Aissatou Sarr Ousmane thiam Mohamed Lamine Fall Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger Saint Louis University Saint Louis Senegal Intensive Care Unit Saint Louis Regional Hospital Saint Louis Senegal

Introduction: In recent decades, the cost of postoperative pain has been the subject of many studies based on protocols developed by scientific societies for its assessment and optimization. At the Regional Hospital of Saint-Louis (Senegal), several protocols have been developed for pain management, but no study has focused on the assessment of postoperative pain management specifically. We therefore initiated this work, the objectives of which were to remind the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological bases of postoperative pain, and to analyze the assessment and management of this pain in patients who have undergone a caesarean section. Materials and methods: This was a prospective and descriptive study, which took place in the gynecology-obstetrics department, over a period from January 2019 to July 2020. All patients who gave birth by cesarean section were included. The data was collected from a survey sheet written for this purpose. For each of the patients, the information was taken every day throughout the duration of postoperative hospitalization. Results: It appears from our work that after a cesarean section, the pain felt evolves on the first postoperative days with a peak during the second day. As in the data reported in the literature, there does not seem to be a difference in terms of pain intensity and analgesia dosage between scheduled and emergency caesarean sections. However, young age and female gender—for other types of surgeries—are risk factors associated with high postoperative pain scores. This trend is probably related to the low pain experience of tested patients. Our initial hypothesis was that acute post-operative pain after caesarean sections could be linked to defects in the perception and processing of pain by caregivers. Indeed, we have shown that awareness-raising, information, and training actions have made it possible to significantly improve the management of pain after a cesarean section. Conclusion: After a cesarean section the p

关键词： Postoperative Pain Neuroanatomical Bases Assessment Cesarean Section

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《欧盟Natech风险管理框架》下的环境风险管理体系及其对我国的启示

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环境科学研究 2024年第5期37卷 1162-1168页

作者：陈强凌郡鸿邱顺添天津大学环境科学与工程学院天津300072

国际上将由自然灾害引发的技术事故称为Natech(natural hazard triggered technological disasters).作为全球工业大国和自然灾害最为严重的国家之一.我国自然灾害种类多、发生频率高,极易引发技术事故,造成严重的人员伤亡、经济损失和... 详细信息

国际上将由自然灾害引发的技术事故称为Natech(natural hazard triggered technological disasters).作为全球工业大国和自然灾害最为严重的国家之一.我国自然灾害种类多、发生频率高,极易引发技术事故,造成严重的人员伤亡、经济损失和环境破坏.世界工业强国如日本、法国以及欧盟地区等较早地针对这类事件展开研究并制定政策,而中国相关研究还处于起步阶段.2022年欧盟发布的《欧盟Natech风险管理框架》为其成员国的Natech风险防控提供了目标、原则和方法.该研究全面综述了欧盟Natech风险管理框架,从关注事件特点及主要挑战、风险管理、风险评估要素到减轻风险方法的主要内容,同时系统总结了欧盟Natech风险识别、评价、应对措施等方面的先进理念,并通过与中国Natech风险管理现状及问题的对比分析,提出了对未来中国Natech风险管理的启示和建议:①加大Natech风险防控科研投入;②提升数字化平台建设水平;③加强Natech风险预防措施;④考虑全球气候变化影响.该研究试图通过学习、借鉴和吸收国际Natech风险管理的有益经验,为中国的Natech风险管理提供新思路和新方法.

关键词： Natech 风险识别风险管理风险评估风险应对

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