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CFD investigation of structural effects of internal gas intake on powder conveying performance in fuel supply systems for aerospace engines

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 140-154页

作者： Guanlong Ren Haijun Sun Fangjun Chen Wen Shen Yunzhen Cai Yihua Xu Henrik ström Bilainu Oboirien Qingang Xiong School of Aircraft Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang330063China Engineering Research Center of Aero-engine Technology for General Aviation Ministry of EducationNanchang330063China State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGöteborg41296Sweden Department of Chemical Engineering University of JohannesburgJohannesburg17011South Africa

Optimal design of gas intake in powder fuel supply systems is crucial for performance of aerospace *** is little research on the impact of intake structure on powder conveying *** novel internal intakes were proposed,which are spherical,cube-shaped,and *** validation,CFD simulations demonstrate that fluctuation of mass flow rate of powders in the dome-shaped intake is reduced by about 73.3%compared with the annular external *** trends of phase velocities are similar for the spherical and cube-shaped intakes,while those are similar for the annular external and dome-shaped internal *** of area of gas zone for the annular external and spherical internal intakes is larger than that for the cube-shaped and dome-shaped internal *** and relative pressure drop in the fluidization chamber have a stable stage,and fluctuation of relative pressure drop is small when dome-shaped internal intake is used.

关键词： Powder supply system Intake structure Dense gas-solid flow Two-fluid model Powder fluidization Pressure drop

Manipulation of photosensory and circadian signaling restricts phenotypic plasticity in response to changing environmental conditions in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1458-1471页

作者： Martin William Battle Scott Fraser ewing Cathryn Dickson Joseph Obaje Kristen N.Edgeworth Rebecca Bindbeutel Rea LAntoniou-Kourounioti Dmitri A.Nusinow Matthew Alan Jones Plant Science Group School of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA Present address:School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L22QPUK

Plants exploit phenotypic plasticity to adapt their growth and development to prevailing environmental *** of light and temperature signals is aided by the circadian system,which provides a temporal *** plasticity provides a selective and competitive advantage in nature but is obstructive during large-scale,intensive agricultural practices since economically important traits(including vegetative growth and flowering time)can vary widely depending on local environmental *** prevents accurate prediction of harvesting times and produces a variable *** this study,we sought to restrict phenotypic plasticity and circadian regulation by manipulating signaling systems that govern plants'responses to environmental *** modeling of plant growth and develop-ment predicted reduced plant responses to changing environments when circadian and light signaling pathways were *** tested this prediction by utilizing a constitutively active allele of the plant photoreceptor phytochrome B,along with disruption of the circadian systemvia mutation of *** found that these manipulations produced plants that are less responsive to light and temper-ature cues and thus fail to anticipate *** engineered plants have uniform vegetative growth and flowering time,demonstrating how phenotypic plasticity can be limited while maintaining plant *** has significant implications for future agriculture in both open fields and controlled environments.

关键词： circadian developmental plasticity phenotypic plasticity external coincidence light temperature

High-rate metal-free MXene microsupercapacitors on paper substrates

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 94-104页

作者： Han Xue Po‐Han Huang Lee‐Lun Lai Yingchun Su Axel strömberg Gaolong Cao Yuzhu Fan Sergiy Khartsev Mats Göthelid Yan‐Ting Sun Jonas Weissenrieder Kristinn BGylfason Frank Niklaus Jiantong Li School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden School of Engineering Sciences KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden

MXene is a promising energy storage material for miniaturized microbatteries and microsupercapacitors(MSCs).Despite its superior electrochemical performance,only a few studies have reported MXene-based ultrahigh-rate(>1000 mV s^(−1))on-paper MSCs,mainly due to the reduced electrical conductance of MXene films deposited on ***,ultrahigh-rate metal-free on-paper MSCs based on heterogeneous MXene/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)-stack electrodes are fabricated through the combination of direct ink writing and femtosecond laser *** a footprint area of only 20 mm^(2),the on-paper MSCs exhibit excellent high-rate capacitive behavior with an areal capacitance of 5.7 mF cm^(−2)and long cycle life(>95%capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles)at a high scan rate of 1000 mV s^(−1),outperforming most of the present on-paper ***,the heterogeneous MXene/PEDOT:PSS electrodes can interconnect individual MSCs into metal-free on-paper MSC arrays,which can also be simultaneously charged/discharged at 1000 mV s^(−1),showing scalable capacitive *** heterogeneous MXene/PEDOT:PSS stacks are a promising electrode structure for on-paper MSCs to serve as ultrafast miniaturized energy storage components for emerging paper electronics.

关键词： direct ink writing femtosecond laser scribing MXene on-paper microsupercapacitors PEDOT:PSS ultrahigh rate capability

Development of an active-site titrant for SARS-CoV-2 main protease as an indispensable tool for evaluating enzyme kinetics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2349-2357页

作者： Rabea Voget Julian Breidenbach Tobias Claff Alexandra Hingst Katharina Sylvester Christian Steinebach Lan Phuong Vu Renato H.Weiße Ulrike Bartz Norbert sträter Christa E.Müller Michael Gütschow Pharmaceutical Institute Pharmaceutical&Medicinal ChemistryUniversity of BonnBonn 53121Germany Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry Center for Biotechnology and BiomedicineLeipzig UniversityLeipzig 04103Germany Department of Natural Sciences University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-SiegRheinbach 53359Germany

A titrant for the SARS-CoV-2 main protease(M^(pro))was developed that enables,for the first time,the exact determination of the concentration of the enzymatically active M^(pro) by active-site *** covalent binding mode of the tetrapeptidic titrant was elucidated by the determination of the crystal structure of the enzyme–titrant *** fluorogenic substrates of M^(pro),including a prototypical,internally quenched Dabcyl-EDANS peptide,were compared in terms of solubility under typical assay *** exploiting the new titrant,key kinetic parameters for the M^(pro)-catalyzed cleavage of these substrates were determined.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Main protease Peptide nitriles Fluorogenic substrates Active-site titration X-ray crystallography Inner filter effect

LKB1 depletion-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition induces fibroblast activation in lung fibrosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu Elizabeth R.Davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aiman Alzetani Ben G.Marshall David Hancock Tim Wallis Julian Downward Rob M.ewing Donna E.Davies Mark G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK University Hospital Southampton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncogene Biology The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factors that determine fibrosis progression or normal tissue repair are largely *** previously demonstrated that autophagy inhibition-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in human alveolar epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells augments local myofibroblast differentiation in pulmonary fibrosis by paracrine ***,we report that liver kinase B1(LKB1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophagy and induces EMT as a *** IPF lungs,this is caused by the down-regulation of CAB39L,a key subunit within the LKB1 complex.3D co-cultures of ATIl cells and MRC5 lung fibroblasts coupled with RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)confirmed that paracrine signaling between LKB1-depleted ATIl cells and fibroblasts augmented myofibroblast ***,these data suggest that reduced autophagy caused by LKB1 inhibition can induce EMT in ATIl cells and contribute to fibrosis via aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk.

关键词： CAB39L Crosstalk EMT LKB1 Pulmonary fibrosis

N*-Program at COSY-Jülich

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1102-1104页

作者： Hans strher Institut fr Kernphysik and Jlich Center for Hadron Physics Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jlich Germany

The paper gives a brief introduction into the COSY-facility, the currently used detector systems （ANKE, TOF and WASA） and the targets （cluster jet, pellet and ABS）, and it presents some recent results, which were ... 详细信息

关键词： handron-induced reactions nucleon and hyperon resonances

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A laser extinction based sensor for simultaneous droplet size and vapor measurement

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Particuology 2012年第1期10卷 9-16页

作者： Xueqiang Sun David J. ewing Lin Ma College of Automatic Control and Mechanical Engineering Kunming University Kunming 650214 China Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24063 USA

Multiphase flows involving liquid droplets in association with gas flow occur in many industrial and sci- entific applications. Recent work has demonstrated the feasibility of using optical techniques based on laser extinction to simultaneously measure vapor concentration and temperature and droplet size and loading. This work introduces the theoretical background for the optimal design of such laser extinction techniques, termed WMLE （wavelength-multiplexed laser extinction）. This paper focuses on the devel- opment of WMLE and presents a systematic methodology to guide the selection of suitable wavelengths and optimize the performance of WMLE for specific applications. WMLE utilizing wavelengths from 0.5 to 10 ixm is illustrated for droplet size and vapor concentration measurements in an example of water spray, and is found to enable unique and sensitive Sauter mean diameter measurement in the range of ~1-15 ~m along with accurate vapor detection. A vapor detection strategy based on differential absorp- tion is developed to extend accurate measurement to a significantly wider range of droplet loading and vapor concentration as compared to strategies based on direct fixed-wavelength absorption. Expected performance of the sensor is modeled for an evaporating spray. This work is expected to lay the ground- work for implementing optical sensors based on WMLE in a variety of research and industrial applications involving multi-phase flows.

关键词： Wavelength-multiplexed laser extinctionDropletMeasurementLaserExtinctionAbsorptionSpectroscopy

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BRICS nations and the opportunities for community physical activity interventions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第6期8卷 509-511页

作者： Carol ewing Garber Department of Biobehavioral Sciences Teachers CollegeColumbia University

Decreases in physical activity(PA)in the populations of developing countries have occurred alongside the rapidly changing urban form,greater availability of automobiles,pollution,shifts in the nature of work,and other... 详细信息

关键词： pollution automobile nations

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Solar thermal swing adsorption on porous carbon monoliths for high-performance CO_(2)capture

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 10617-10625页

作者： Zheng Wu Xing-Hao Du Qian-Feng Zhang Maria strømme Chao Xu Institute of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan 243002China Division of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringÅngström LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75121Sweden

Utilizing solar energy for sorbent regeneration during the CO_(2)swing adsorption process could potentially reduce CO_(2)capture *** study describes a new technique—solar thermal swing adsorption(STSA)for CO_(2)capture based on application of intermittent illumination onto porous carbon monolith(PCM)sorbents during the CO_(2)capture *** allows CO_(2)to be selectively adsorbed on the sorbents during the light-off periods and thereafter released during the light-on periods due to the solar thermal *** freestanding and mechanically strong PCMs have rich ultramicropores with narrow pore size distributions,displaying relatively high CO_(2)adsorption capacity and high CO_(2)/N_(2) *** the high CO_(2)capture performance,high solar thermal conversion efficiency,and high thermal conductivity,the PCM sorbents could achieve high CO_(2)capture rate of up to 0.226 kg·kgcarbon^(-1)·h^(-1)from a gas mixture of 20 vol.%CO_(2)/80 vol.%N_(2) under STSA conditions with a light intensity of 1000 W·m^(-2).In addition,the combination of STSA with the conventional vacuum swing adsorption technique further increases the CO_(2)working capacity.

关键词： microporous materials adsorption porous carbon monoliths solar thermal swing adsorption CO_(2)capture