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Mapping inertial migration in the cross section of a microfluidic channel with high-speed imaging

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 185-198页

作者： Jian Zhou Zhangli Peng ian Papautsky Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

The wide adoption of inertial microfluidics in biomedical research and clinical settings,such as rare cell isolation,has prompted the inquiry of its underlying *** tremendous improvement has been made,the mechanism of inertial migration remains to be further *** observations are not fully reconciled by the existing theory,and details of the inertial migration within channel cross sections are missing in the *** this work,for the first time,we mapped the inertial migration pathways within channel cross section using high-speed imaging at the single-particle *** is in contrast to the conventional method of particle streak velocimetry(PSV),which provides collective *** also applied smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)to simulate the transient motion of particles in 3D and obtained cross-sectional migration trajectories that are in agreement with the high-speed imaging *** found two opposing pathways that explain the contradicting observations in rectangular microchannels,and the force analysis of these pathways revealed two metastable positions near the short walls that can transition into stable positions depending on the flow condition and particle *** new findings significantly improve our understanding of the inertial migration physics,and enhance our ability to precisely control particle and cell behaviors within microchannels for a broad range of applications.

关键词： positions details collective

Effects of symmetric and asymmetric salt conditions on a selective solid-state nanopore assay

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Nano Research 2022年第11期15卷 9936-9942页

作者： ian D.Wadsworth Adam R.Hall Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27101USA Comprehensive Cancer Center Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA

Conventional solid-state nanopore measurements sense all translocating entities,necessitating meticulous analysis to differentiate target *** address this,we have established a selective assay with the platform that has shown utility in quantifying several nucleic acid ***,limited detection efficiency and intrinsic noise have so far limited assay resolution to 10 *** in this value require manipulation of translocation ***,we report the effects of NaCl conditions on assay *** first investigate symmetric conditions,finding sensitivity increases with salt concentration but selectivity is maximized at 1.0 M *** then probe asymmetric conditions,showing a remarkable impact on assay sensitivity and selectivity when measurement buffer NaCl concentration in the reservoir with the translocating molecules is low and the opposite reservoir is *** optimum conditions,we demonstrate detection of target biomolecules down to a concentration of 100 pM which is an improvement of 2 orders of magnitude over past results.

关键词： solid-state nanopores biomarkers amplification-free detection salt gradient nucleic acids

PyLUR:Efficient software for land use regression modeling the spatial distribution of air pollutants using GDAL/OGR library in Python

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第3期14卷 89-102页

作者： Xuying Ma ian Longley Jennifer Salmond Jay Gao School of Environment Faculty of ScienceUniversity of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Auckland 1010New Zealand

Land use regression(LUR)models have been widely used in air pollution *** regressionbased approach estimates the ambient pollutant concentrations at un-sampled points of interest by considering the relationship between ambient concentrations and several predictor variables selected from the surrounding *** conceptually quite simple,its successful implementation requires detailed knowledge of the area,expertise in GIS,statistics,and programming skills,which makes this modeling approach relatively inaccessible to novice *** this contribution,we present a LUR modeling and pollution-mapping software named *** uses GDAL/OGR libraries based on the Python platform and can build a LUR model and generate pollutant concentration maps *** self-developed software comprises four modules:a potential predictor variable generation module,a regression modeling module,a model validation module,and a prediction and mapping *** performance of the newly developed PyLUR is compared to an existing LUR modeling software called RLUR(with similar functions implemented on R language platform)in terms of model accuracy,processing efficiency and software *** results show that PyLUR out-performs RLUR for modeling in the Bradford and Auckland case studies ***,PyLUR is much more efficient in data processing and it has a capability to handle detailed GIS input data.

关键词： LUR Air pollution modelling GIS spatial analysis GDAL/OGR Python Pollutant concentration mapping

Decoupling Adaptive Sliding Mode Observer Design for Wind Turbines Subject to Simultaneous Faults in Sensors and Actuators

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第4期8卷 837-847页

作者： Hamed Habibi ian Howard Silvio Simani Afef Fekih School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Curtin UniversityWA 6102Australia Department of Engineering University of FerraraFerrara 44100Italy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Louisiana at LafayetteLouisiana 70504 USA

This paper proposes an adaptive sliding mode observer(ASMO)-based approach for wind turbines subject to simultaneous faults in sensors and *** proposed approach enables the simultaneous detection of actuator and sensor faults without the need for any redundant hardware ***,wind speed variations are considered as unknown disturbances,thus eliminating the need for accurate measurement or *** proposed ASMO enables the accurate estimation and reconstruction of the descriptor states and *** proposed design implements the principle of separation to enable the use of the nominal controller during faulty *** tolerance is achieved by implementing a signal correction scheme to recover the nominal *** performance of the proposed approach is validated using a 4.8 MW wind turbine benchmark model subject to various ***-Carlo analysis is also carried out to further evaluate the reliability and robustness of the proposed approach in the presence of measurement ***,ease of implementation and the decoupling property are among the positive features of the proposed approach.

关键词： Fault tolerant control horizontal axis wind turbines Monte-Carlo analysis principle of separation simultaneous faults sliding mode observer

Potential contributions of trace amines in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic prospects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第7期16卷 1394-1396页

作者： Sudip Dhakal ian Macreadie School of Science Bundoora CampusRMIT UniversityVictoriaAustralia

Trace amines and their biochemistry: Trace amines represent endogenous monoamines present in very low concentration(usually nM) in the brain in comparison to classical monoamine *** trace amines can regulate the amoun... 详细信息

关键词： amines Trace usual

Emerging noble metal-free Mo-based bifunctional catalysts for electrochemical energy conversion

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Nano Research 2022年第12期15卷 10234-10267页

作者： Saswati Santra Verena Streibel ian D.Sharp Walter Schottky Institute and Physics Department Technical University of MunichAm Coulombwall 485748GarchingGermany

The transition from a global economy dependent on fossil fuels to one based on sustainable energy conversion technologies presents the primary challenge of the *** water electrolyzers and metal-air batteries with earth-abundant bifunctional transition metal(TM)catalysts that efficiently catalyse the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions(HER and OER)and the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions(ORR and OER),respectively,reduces the cost and system complexity,while also providing prospects for accelerated scaling and sustainable material *** the TMs,earth-abundant molybdenum(Mo)-based multifunctional catalysts are especially promising and have attracted considerable attention in recent *** with a brief introduction to HER,OER,and ORR mechanisms and parameters governing their bifunctionality,this comprehensive review focuses on such Mo-based multifunctional *** review and discuss recent progress achieved through the formation of Mo-based compounds,heterostructures,and nanoscale composites,as well as by doping,defect engineering,and nanoscale sculpting of Mo-based *** systems discussed in detail are based on Mo chalcogenides,carbides,oxides,nitrides,and phosphides,as well as Mo alloys,highlighting specific opportunities afforded by synergistic interactions of Mo with both non-metals and non-noble ***,we discuss the future of Mo-based multifunctional electrocatalysts for HER/OER,ORR/OER,and HER/ORR/OER,analysing emerging trends,new opportunities,and underexplored avenues in this promising materials space.

关键词： molybdenum-based electrocatalysts bifunctional electrocatalysts hydrogen evolution reaction oxygen reduction reaction oxygen evolution reaction

Combat utility prediction

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第6期12卷 446-463页

作者： Stanislas GABROVSEK ian COLWILL Elias STIPIDIS Vetronics Research Centre University of Brighton

The majority of allied casualties from recent conflicts were caused by blast wave and fragments perforation damage from Improvised Explosive Devices. Survivability to this type of threat is a critical factor to consider for land platform design. This paper proposes an original approach to platform survivability assessment using a combination of Agent-Based(AB) simulation and Fault Tree Analysis(FTA) to predict the consequences of IED fragment impacts on the platform operational status. As a demonstration, this approach is applied to the comparison of different platform architectures to gain insight into the optimisation of the platform component topology.

关键词： Mission Survivability Simulation Agent-based Fault-tree analysis Platform architecture

OneGeology： from concept to reality

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Episodes 2008年第3期31卷 344-345页

作者： Jackson, ian British Geol Survey Nottingham NG12 5GG England

In the March 2007 edition of Episodes, an article described the origins of OneGeology and progress during its first 12 months. Since March 2007, the project has moved forward dramatically and in August 2008, at the 33... 详细信息

关键词：地质学实验研究项目计划科学家

A revised Mississippian lithostratigraphy of County Galway(western Ireland) with an analysis of carbonate lithofacies, biostratigraphy, depositional environments and palaeogeographic reconstructions utilising new borehole data

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2015年第1期4卷 1-26页

作者： Markus Pracht ian D.Somerville Geological Survey of Ireland Beggars Bush Dublin 4 Ireland UCD School of Geological Sciences University College DublinBelfield Dublin 4 Ireland

An integrated study of borehole data and outcrop of Mississippian （late Tournaisian to late Visean） rocks in Co. （County） Galway, western Ireland has enabled a more detailed geological map and lithostratigraphy to be constructed for the region. Several carbonate formations have been distinguished by microfacies analysis and their precise ages established by micropalaeontological investigations using foraminifers and calcareous algae. In addition, palaeogeographic maps have been constructed for the late Tournaisian, and early to late Visoan intervals in the region. The oldest marine Mississippian （late Tournaisian） deposits are recorded in the south of the study region from the Loughrea/Tynagh area and further south in the Gort Borehole; they belong to the Limerick Province. They comprise the Lower Limestone Shale Group succeeded by the Ballysteen Group, Waulsortian Limestone and Kilbryan Limestone Formations. These rocks were deposited in increasing water depth associated with a transgression that moved northwards across Co. Galway. In the northwest and north of the region, marginal marine and non-marine Tournaisian rocks are developed, with a shoreline located NW of Galway City （Galway High）. The central region of Co. Galway has a standard Visdan marine succession that can be directly correlated with the Carrick-on- Shannon succession in counties Leitrim and Roscommon to the northeast and east as far as the River Shannon. It is dominated by shallow-water limestones （Oakport, Ballymore and Croghan Limestone Formations） that formed the Galway-Roscommon Shelf. This facies is lat- erally equivalent to the Tubber Formation to the south which developed on the Clare-Galway Shelf. In the southeast, basinal facies of the Lucan Formation accumulated in the Athenry Basin throughout much of the Visean. This basin formed during a phase of extensional tectonics in the early Visean and was probably connected to the Tynagh Basin to the east. In the late Visean, shallow-water limes

关键词： Carboniferous Mississippian western Ireland carbonate microfaciesbiostratigraphy foraminifers shelf and basin environments palaeogeography