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Soil and altitude drive diversity and functioning of Brazilian Páramos(campo de altitude)

Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 771-779页

作者： Andreza Viana Neri Gladson Ramon Alves Borges João Augusto Alves Meira-Neto Luiz Fernando Silva Magnago ian michael trotter Carlos Ernesto GRSchaefer Stefan Porembski Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de PlantasUniversidade Federal de ViçosaPH RolfsS/NCampus UniversitárioViçosaMinas Gerais 36570-900Brazil Departamento de Biologia Setor de Ecologia e ConservaçãoUniversidade Federal de LavrasLavrasMinas Gerais 37200-000Brazil Departamento de Economia Rural Universidade Federal de ViçosaPH RolfsS/NCampus UniversitárioViçosaMinas Gerais 36570-900Brazil Departamento de Solos Universidade Federal de ViçosaPH RolfsS/NCampus UniversitárioViçosaMinas Gerais 36570-900Brazil Allgemeine und Spezielle Botanik Institut für BiowissenschaftenUniversität RostockWismarsche Str.8D-18051 RostockGermany

Aims the vegetation on Brazilian Páramos consists of assemblages that are driven mainly by the influence of strong environmental *** is very important to understand the effect of environmental varia-tion on taxonomic diversity and on functional *** the lack of information about the functional diversity in Brazilian Páramos,we analyzed for the first time the effects of altitude and edaphic attributes on functional traits,as well as on taxonomic and functional *** also wanted to answer the questions:Which ecological strategies are favorable in high-altitude grassland?Does soil attributes determine distributions of traits in high-altitude grassland?considering the studied altitudinal gradient is altitude an important variable in the community assembly?Methods the study was conducted on three mountains:Mammoth(1850 m),Elephant(1790 m)and totem(1690 m)in Serra do Brigadeiro State Park,Minas Gerais State,*** mountains represent the‘Serra das cabeças’,a smaller ridge that is surrounded by the Atlantic Forest,one of the 25 hotspot of *** samples were taken using 100 plots of 1 m2 per mountain that were randomly *** plants except mosses were *** taxonomic diversity was evaluated using richness,Shannon diversity,effective number of species and Pielou *** the functional diver-sity,we considered the functional richness,functional evenness and functional *** linear models(GLM/Poisson and quasi-Poisson)were used to evaluate the effect of abiotic variables(altitude,soil depth and soil chemical attributes)on biotic variables(number of species and individuals,life form,dispersal and fruit type)and ordinary least squares regression to evaluate the effect of abiotic variables on the functional and taxonomic *** Findingsthe soil variables presented a considerable edaphic gradient associated with *** soil in Serra das cabeças plays an important role for the

关键词： mountain conservation vegetation islands functional diversity life form highland grassland functional traits

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Low-thermal-budget electrically active thick polysilicon for CMOS-First MEMS-last integration

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 395-407页

作者： Aron michael ian Yao-Hsiang Chuang Chee Yee Kwok Kazuo Omaki UNSW SydneyNSW 2052Australia

Low-thermal-budget,electrically active,and thick polysilicon films are necessary for building a microelectromechanical system(MEMS)on top of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS).However,the formation of these polysilicon films is a challenge in this ***,for the first time,the development of in situ phosphorus-doped silicon films deposited under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions(~10^(−9)Torr)using electron-beam evaporation(UHVEE)is *** process results in electrically active,fully crystallized,low-stress,smooth,and thick polysilicon films with low thermal *** crystallographic,mechanical,and electrical properties of phosphorus-doped UHVEE polysilicon films are *** films are compared with intrinsic and boron-doped UHVEE silicon *** spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and atomic force microscopy(AFM)are used for crystallographic and surface morphological *** curvature,cantilever deflection profile and resonance frequency measurements are employed to study the mechanical properties of the ***,resistivity measurements are conducted to investigate the electrical properties of the *** vertical,high-aspectratio micromachining of UHVEE polysilicon has been developed.A comb-drive structure is designed,simulated,fabricated,and characterized as an actuator and inertial sensor comprising 20-μm-thick in situ phosphorus-doped UHVEE films at a temperature less than 500℃.The results demonstrate for the first time that UHVEE polysilicon uniquely allows the realization of mechanically and electrically functional MEMS devices with low thermal budgets.

关键词： budget thick thermal

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Dual PPAR delta/gamma agonist offer therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1175-1176页

作者： ian Steinke Meenakshi Singh Rajesh Amin Department of Drug Discovery and Development Auburn UniversityAuburn AlabamaALUSA

The increasing incidence of Alzheimer's disease(AD)in the aging population,indicates the critical need for the development of novel targeted molecular therapies for ameliorating AD ***,clinical and preclinical evidence demonstrates that peroxisomal proliferator activating receptors(PPAR)agonists regulate energy and lipid homeostasis in models of diabetes,as well as improve spatial memory in animal models of AD(Khan et al.,2019).

关键词： Alzheimer clinical homeostasis

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Considerations for exerkine research focusing on the response to exercise training

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 130-132页

作者： ian A.J.Darragh Brendan Egan School of Health and Human Performance Dublin City UniversityGlasnevinDublin D09 V209Ireland Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition PensacolaFL 32502USA

García-Hermoso and colleagues1 recently published a systematic literature review and meta-analysis on exercise training-induced changes in exerkine concentrations in type 2diabetes mellitus patients,providing a contemporary view on how exerkines respond to exercise *** review prompted us to highlight 2 additional considerations that should be taken into account when studying the response of exerkines to exercise ***,whether exerkines can exhibit discordant responses to acute exercise compared to exercise training,and secondly,the need to consider the residual effects of the most recent exercise bout.

关键词： acute exercise prompt

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A seed and soil model of loneliness in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2575-2576页

作者： Hannah L.Apostolou ian M.McDonough Department of Psychology The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaALUSA Department of Psychology Binghamton UniversityBinghamtonNYUSA

Loneliness is classically defined as a result of perceiving a discrepancy between the desired quantity and quality of one's social life and actual social relationships(Perlman and Peplau,1984).Lifespan research has indicated older adults are among the highest risk for experiencing loneliness because their social network size decreases more frequently than that of younger adults.

关键词： Alzheimer younger soil

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Impact of interfacial tension on oil-water flow in a narrow gap

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 219-227页

作者： Salim Raza ian D.Gates Saira Sherin University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPakistan Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCanada

Numerous researchers have examined the co-current flow of oil-water and aqueous solutions containing polymers and surfactants in thin gaps for oil *** some have focused on charges and forces at the interfaces of oil-surfactant solutions during *** study of flow structures,interface behavior,and relative permeabilities of oil and aqueous phases of surfactant flow through thin gaps has been less *** the first time,this research aims to comprehensively investigate the flow of oil-water and oil-surfactant solutions through a thin gap(Hele-Shaw cell)with a particular focus on the impact of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS).The experiments reveal that SDS forms an emulsion near the oil-water interface,capturing oil droplets and enabling their flow along with the SDS *** studies confirm this,showing that when SDS contacts oil,it creates channels through the oil phase,leading to the accumulation and division of oil into small round-shaped droplets,resulting in an oil-in-water *** addition of SDS to the injecting water significantly enhances relative permeabilities,leading to a remarkable 90%increase in oil recovery from the *** research suggests that the optimal SDS concentration range for maximum oil recovery is between 1.5 and 2 wt%,as it achieves the minimum interfacial tension between oil and water.

关键词： Surfactant Co-current flow Narrow gap Interface interactions Relative permeability

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Multi-Timescale Distributed Approach to Generalized-Nash-Equilibrium Seeking in Noncooperative Nonconvex Games

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第3期11卷 791-793页

作者： Banghua Huang Yang Liu Kit ian Kou Weihua Gui the School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China IEEE the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province Jinhua 321004China the Faculty of Science and Technology University of MacaoMacaoChina the School of Automation Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Dear Editor,The distributed generalized-Nash-equilibrium(GNE)seeking in noncooperative games with nonconvexity is the topic of this *** by the sequential quadratic programming(SQP)method,a multi-timescale multi-agent system(MAS)is developed,and its convergence to a critical point of the game is *** illustrate the qualities and efficacy of the theoretical findings,a numerical example is elaborated.

关键词： letter seeking programming

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Toward a nomenclature consensus for diverse intelligent systems:Call for collaboration

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The Innovation 2024年第5期5卷 32-34页

作者： Brett J.Kagan michael Mahlis Anjali Bhat Josh Bongard Victor MCole Phillip Corlett Christopher Gyngell Thomas Hartung Bianca Jupp michael Levin Tamra Lysaght Nicholas Opie Adeel Razi Lena Smirnova ian Tennant Peter Thestrup Wade Ge Wang Cortical Labs BrunswickVIC 3056Australia Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging University College LondonLondon WC1N 3ARUK University of Vermont BurlingtonVT 05405USA Centre for Professional Communication Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Department of Psychiatry Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Murdoch Children’s Research Institute ParkvilleVIC 3052Australia Centre for Alternatives to Animal Testing(CAAT) Bloomberg School of Public Health and Whiting School of EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityDoerenkamp-Zbinden Chair for Evidence-based ToxicologyBaltimoreMD 21205USA CAAT-Europe University of Kostanz78464 KostanzGermany Department of Neuroscience Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityPrahranVIC 3004Australia Allen Discovery Centre at Tufts University MedfordMA 02155USA Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney School of Public Health The University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2050Australia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3168Australia Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing(CAAT) Bloomberg School of Public Health and Whiting School of EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA Faculty of Engineering AgriTech and EnvironmentAnglia Ruskin UniversityPeterborough PE15BWUK Interacting Minds Centre Aarhus University8000 Aarhus CDenmark Department of Biomedical Engineering School of EngineeringBiomedical Imaging CenterCenter for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

Disagreements about language use are common both between and within *** interests require multidisciplinary collaboration or the field of research has the potential to impact society at large,it becomes critical to minimize these disagreements where *** development of diverse intelligent systems,regardless of the substrate(e.g.,silicon ***),is a case where both conditions are *** advancements have occurred in the development of technology progressing toward these diverse intelligence *** progress is silicon based,such as the use of large language models,or through synthetic biology methods,such as the development of organoids,a clear need for a community-based approach to seeking consensus on nomenclature is now ***,we welcome collaboration from the wider scientific community,proposing a pathway forward to achieving this intention,highlighting key terms and fields of relevance,and suggesting potential consensus-making methods to be applied.

关键词： seeking collaboration diverse

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Health economics for intra-capsular hip fractures undertaking fixation

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 30-38页

作者： Anatole Wiik Thomas Ashdown ian Holloway Department of Surgery Trauma and OrthopaedicsLondon North West University HealthcareLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Trauma and OrthopaedicsLondon North West University HospitalLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Hip fracture is a common musculoskeletal injury in the elderly requiring surgery *** operative mainstay of intra-capsular hip fractures is arthroplasty with a smaller proportion for *** To determine the most beneficial method of fixation for patients with intracapsular hip *** A registered audit from 2012-2018 was conducted on all intra-capsular hip fractures treated with 2 commonly used fixation *** notes,electronic records and clinical codes for cost benefit were evaluated.A validated quality of life measure was collected at least 1 year after *** A total of 83 patients were identified with intra-capsular fractures undergoing fixation during the retrospective *** were 47 cannulated cancellous screw and 36 sliding hip screw fixations with the case mix comparable for age,gender,co-morbidities and fracture *** was no significant difference in blood loss,tip apex distance,radiation exposure,length of stay,radiological union time,collapse,avascular necrosis or re-operation between fixation *** regression analysis demonstrated displaced intracapsular hip fractures correlated significantly with an undesirable outcome conferring a relative odds ratio of *** were 9(19%)and 4(11%)patients respectively,who required *** was no significant difference in health resource group tariff and implant cost with comparable EQ-5D and visual CONCLUSION No significant advantage was identified with differing fixation type,but irrespective there were a high number of patients requiring *** was predicted by initial fracture displacement and patient *** may need to be carefully considered for health economics and patient benefit.

关键词： Hip fracture Fixation Patient reported outcome measure Cost

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Quantum state tomography from observable time traces in closed quantum systems

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 222-234页

作者： Shuixin Xiao Yuanlong Wang Qi Yu Jun Zhang Daoyi Dong ian R.Petersen University of Michigan–Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China School of Engineering The Australian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology(Australian Research Council) Centre for Quantum DynamicsGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD4111Australia School of Engineering and Technology University of New South WalesCanberraACT2600Australia

The task to estimate all the parameters of an unknown quantum state, also called quantum state tomography, is essential for characterizing and controlling quantum systems. In this paper, we utilize observable time traces to identify the initial quantum state of a closed quantum system, based on the state space approach in the control theory. In the informationally complete scenario, we show that with a linear regression estimation (LRE), the mean squared error (MSE) scales as , where N is the resource number. In the informationally incomplete scenario, we introduce regularization LRE to perform the state tomography task. We employ PBH test to demonstrate that closed quantum systems with only one observable are informationally incomplete and propose using observables, where d is the dimension of the quantum state, for informational completeness. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

关键词： Quantum state tomography Time trace Quantum system identification

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