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Characteristics of Nutrient Salt Uptake Associated with Water Use of Corn as a Catch Crop at different Plant densities in a Greenhouse

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Pedosphere 2014年第3期24卷 339-348页

作者： d.YASUTAKE C.KIYOKAWA K.KONdO R.NOMIYAMA M.KITANO M.MORI S.YAMANE M.MAEdA H.NAGARE T.FUJIWARA Agriculture Unit Research and Education Faculty Kochi University The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Ehime University Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science Okayama University

dent corn, as a catch crop used for salt removal, was cultivated at different densities, i.e., 7.3 （low density）, 59.7 （normal density）, and 119.5 plants m-2 （high density）, during a 50 d fallow period after cultivation of a commercial crop in a greenhouse, to analyze the characteristics of nutrient salt （N, K, Mg, and Ca） uptake by roots and to study the effect of plant density on the characteristics associated with crop water use. Leaf area index for the high and normal density treatments reached extremely high values of 24.3 and 14.9, respectively. These values induced higher transpiration rates that were estimated using the penman-Monteith model with the incorporation of specific parameters for crop and greenhouse conditions. The total N, K, Mg, and Ca contents in the crop canopy at harvest were 26.8, 13.0, 1.0, and 1.7 g m-S, respectively, under the high density treatment. The dynamics of salt uptake rates for high, normal, and low density treatments were evaluated by assessing weekly changes in salt content, and were subsequently compared against the transpiration rate. A positive linear relationship was obtained between these 2 parameters for all 3 density treatments and all tested salts. Hence, higher transpiration rates caused higher salt uptake rates through water absorption. On the other hand, salt uptake efficiency per unit water use by cultivation was lower in the low density treatment. Therefore, management procedures with dense planting that induce higher transpiration rates and lower evaporation rate are extremely important for the effective cultivation of corn catch crops.

关键词： evapotranspiration root uptake salt removal transpiration

Simplified penman-Monteith Equation determined by Temperature-Based Global Radiation data and Its Multilocal Validation under Subhumid Climatic Conditions in Hungary

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 455-465页

作者： Zoltán Varga-Haszonits Éva Szalka dávid Vasas Zsolt Giczi Pál Szakál Tamás Szakál Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyaróvár Széchenyi István University of Gy&#337r Gy&#337r Hungary

The extent to which specific climatic factors influence evapotranspiration under subhumid conditions in Hungary was investigated. The reference evapotranspiration, calculated with the internationally accepted penman-Monteith equation proposed by FAO, was considered. The results show that the influence of radiation, which provides energy for evaporation, is the strongest factor and that the influence of global radiation alone is very strong. Taking into account that radiation was measured under rather limited conditions in space and time, global radiation was calculated using the Hargreaves method based on temperature. Accordingly, we have defined a formula based on temperature-based global radiation and verified the data obtained with the penman-Monteith formula calculated for 14 meteorological stations. The verification gave good results, therefore the method can be used for practical purposes in the subhumid conditions of Hungary based on the data of the nearest meteorological station.

关键词： Effecting Factors Sensitivity Analysis Global Radiation Multilocal Validation Estimation Error

A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 41-126页

作者： Colin N.danson Malcolm White John R.M.Barr Thomas Bett Peter Blyth david Bowley Ceri Brenner Robert J.Collins Neal Croxford A.E.Bucker dangor Laurence devereux Peter E.dyer Anthony dymoke-Bradshaw Christopher B.Edwards Paul Ewart Allister I.Ferguson John M.Girkin denis R.Hall david C.Hanna Wayne Harris david I.Hillier Christopher J.Hooker Simon M.Hooker Nicholas Hopps Janet Hull david Hunt dino A.Jaroszynski Mark Kempenaars Helmut Kessler Sir Peter L.Knight Steve Knight Adrian Knowles Ciaran L.S.Lewis Ken S.Lipton Abby Littlechild John Littlechild Peter Maggs Graeme P.A.Malcolm OBE Stuart P.d.Mangles William Martin Paul McKenna Richard O.Moore Clive Morrison Zulfikar Najmudin david Neely Geoff H.C.New Michael J.Norman Ted Paine Anthony W.Parker Rory R.penman Geoff J.Pert Chris Pietraszewski Andrew Randewich Nadeem H.Rizvi Nigel Seddon MBE Zheng-Ming Sheng david Slater Roland A.Smith Christopher Spindloe Roy Taylor Gary Thomas John W.G.Tisch Justin S.Wark Colin Webb S.Mark Wiggins dave Willford Trevor Winstone AWE Aldermaston ReadingUK Oxford Centre for High Energy density Science Department of PhysicsClarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Intertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Formerly of Electrox LetchworthUK Formerly of Central Laser Facility Rutherford LaboratoryDidcotUK Formerly of Ferranti defence Systems LincolnUK Leonardo EdinburghUK Retired AWEReadingUK Formerly of AWE ReadingUK Formerly of Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Formerly of Optilas Ltd Milton KeynesUK Retired Pro-Lite TechnologyCranfieldUK Specialised Imaging Ltd PitstoneUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Magna-Power Electronics Ltd ReadingUK deBe Lasers Needham Laser TechnologiesWhitchurchUK Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondonUK SPIE Europe CardiffUK Professor Emeritus(Physics) University of HullKingston upon HullUK Kentech Instruments Ltd WallingfordUK department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Professor Emeritus Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK department of Physics Durham UniversityDurhamUK Professor Emeritus(Photonics) Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK Professor Emeritus University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Optical Surfaces Ltd KenleyUK JEH Lasers Ltd RugbyUK Scottish Universities Physics Alliance Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK ITER Organization Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance Manx Precision Optics Ltd BallasallaUK Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Elliot Scientific Ltd MetroTest Scientific GroupHarpendenUK Centre for Plasma Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Retired Founderand former MDRofin-Sinar UK LtdHullUK Heraeus Noblelight Ltd CambridgeUK Mirli Books ChelmsfordUK M Squared Lasers Ltd GlasgowUK University of Hertfordshire HatfieldUK E&EO UK Ltd Barton-upon-HumberUK department of Physics University of YorkYorkUK IC Optical Systems Ltd BeckenhamUK Laser Micromachining Ltd St AsaphUK MBdA UK Ltd Brist

The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by *** of Hughes Research Laboratories,*** laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials,operating at different *** the UK,academia,industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of *** historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology,the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years.

关键词： high-power lasers history United Kingdom

1961～2015年中国气候干湿状况的时空分异

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中国科学：地球科学 2017年第11期47卷 1339-1348页

作者：苑全治吴绍洪戴尔阜赵东升张学儒任平四川师范大学西南土地资源评价与监测教育部重点实验室成都610068 四川师范大学地理与资源科学学院成都610101 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学北京100049 重庆交通大学建筑与城市规划学院重庆400074 河北经贸大学公共管理学院石家庄050061

气候干湿状况由降水量和潜在蒸散ET。共同决定,是表征区域环境特点的重要指标.本研究基于气象站实测数据,首先利用FA056penman-Monteith模型计算ET_o,然后采用年干燥度指数K(年ET_o与降水量之比)研究了1961~2015年中国陆地气候干湿状况... 详细信息

气候干湿状况由降水量和潜在蒸散ET。共同决定,是表征区域环境特点的重要指标.本研究基于气象站实测数据,首先利用FA056penman-Monteith模型计算ET_o,然后采用年干燥度指数K(年ET_o与降水量之比)研究了1961~2015年中国陆地气候干湿状况的时空分异规律,并讨论了干湿变化的主导气候因子,结果显示:秦岭-淮河一线年降水量和ET_o大致相等(K≈1.0),该线以南、横断山脉以东的大部分区域降水量高于ET_o(K<1.0),气候湿润;而西北内陆地区降水量远小于ET_o(K≥4.0),气候干燥.全国总体干湿状况围绕平均值上下波动,且线性变化趋势不显著,但其中存在一段跨度约10年的相对湿润时期(1987~1996年).全国总体干湿状况在3年、7~8年、11年和26~28年的时间尺度上表现出了较强的周期性.气候干湿变化趋势及周期性的区域差异明显,其中西北和青藏高原西部等地区湿润程度增加幅度较大,而云贵高原、四川盆地和黄土高原等地区干燥程度增加幅度较大,但区域干湿变化的线性趋势大多不显著.大部分地区气候干湿变化在8~14年的周期上表现出较强的节律性.降水量是大部分区域干湿变化的最重要影响因子,特别在中国北方地区气候干湿变化与降水量高度相关.

关键词：气候干湿状况干燥度指数潜在蒸散气候变化时空分异中国

关中地区参考作物蒸发蒸腾量数据集(2010–2019)

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全球变化数据学报（中英文） 2021年第2期5卷 197-202,197-202页

作者：王拴定孙刚锋赵晓涛魏征王锦林人财崔鹭陕西省泾惠渠灌溉中心三原713800 中国水利水电科学研究院北京100038 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院北京100101

参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET_(0))是影响农业和环境的重要因子。作者团队选取关中地区的杨凌、三原、彬县、宝鸡、宝鸡县和长武6个国家气象站点,利用站点2010–2019年逐日气象数据(最高气压、最低气压、最高气温、最低气温、降雨量、日照时... 详细信息

参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET_(0))是影响农业和环境的重要因子。作者团队选取关中地区的杨凌、三原、彬县、宝鸡、宝鸡县和长武6个国家气象站点,利用站点2010–2019年逐日气象数据(最高气压、最低气压、最高气温、最低气温、降雨量、日照时数、最大风速等),结合联合国粮农组织FAO推荐的P-M模型,计算2010–2019年逐日参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET_(0));再利用反距离权重空间插值法得到2010–2019年关中地区ET_(0)空间分布数据,共同构成关中地区参考作物蒸发蒸腾量数据集(2010–2019)。数据集包括:(1)关中地区范围数据;(2)站点位置矢量数据;(3)站点位置信息及2010–2019年逐日ET_(0)数据;(4)2010–2019年逐年ET_(0)空间分布数据。数据集存储为.shp、.tif和.xlsx格式,由27个数据文件组成,数据量为65.4 MB。

关键词：参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET_(0)) P-M模型关中地区陕西