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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. in this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. in the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Combustion modeling in a model combustor

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航空动力学报 2007年第5期22卷 694-703页

作者： l.Y.Jiang i.Campbell K.Su institute for Aerospace Research National ResearchCouncil Canada OttawaONK1A 0R6Canada Department of Mechanical Automotiveand Materials EngineeringUniversity of WindsorWindsorONN9B 3P4Canada

The flow-field of a propane-air diffusion flame combustor with interior and exterior conjugate heat transfers was numerically *** obtained from four combustion models,combined with the re-normalization group(RNG) k-ε turbulence model,discrete ordinates radiation model and enhanced wall treatment are presented and *** results are compared with a comprehensive database obtained from a series of experimental *** flow patterns and the recirculation zone length in the combustion chamber are accurately predicted,and the mean axial velocities are in fairly good agreement with the experimental data,particularly at downstream sections for all four combustion *** mean temperature profiles are captured fairly well by the eddy dissipation(EDS),probability density function(PDF),and laminar flamelet combustion ***,the EDS-finite-rate combustion model fails to provide an acceptable temperature *** general,the flamelet model illustrates little superiority over the PDF model,and to some extent the PDF model shows better performance than the EDS model.

关键词：燃烧室燃烧模型扩散火焰热转移

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Temperature cycling and its effect on mechanical behaviours of highporosity chalks

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第4期11卷 749-759页

作者： T.Voake A.Nermoen R.i.Korsnes i.l.Fabricius University of Stavanger StavangerNorway The National iOR Centre of Norway University of StavangerStavangerNorway international Research institute of Stavanger (iRiS) StavangerNorway Technical University of Denmark (DTU) CopenhagenDenmark

Temperature history can have a significant effect on the strength of water-saturated *** this study,hydrostatic stress cycles are applied to understand the mechanical response of chalk samples exposed to temperature cycling between each stress cycle,compared to the samples tested at a constant *** total accumulated strain during a stress cycle and the irreversible strain are *** samples from Kansas (USA) and Mons (Belgium),with different degrees of induration (*** of contact cementation),were *** samples were saturated with equilibrated water (polar) and nonpolar isopar H oil to quantify water *** samples tested during 10 stress cycles with varying temperature (*** cycled in between each stress cycle) accumulated more strain than those tested at constant *** the stress cycles were performed at 30 ℃.The two chalk types behaved similarly when saturated with isopar H oil,but differently when saturated with *** saturated with water,the stronger Kansas chalk accumulated more total strain and more irreversible strain within each stress cycle than the weaker Mons chalk.

关键词： Elastoplastic partitioning Anisotropic thermal expansion Strain accumulation due to temperature and stress cycles

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The market for amino acids: understanding supply and demand of substrate for more efficient milk protein synthesis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 37-48页

作者： Virginia l.Pszczolkowski Sebastian i.Arriola Apelo Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA

For dairy production systems, nitrogen is an expensive nutrient and potentially harmful waste product. With three quarters of fed nitrogen ending up in the manure, significant research efforts have focused on understanding and mitigating lactating dairy cows' nitrogen losses. Recent changes proposed to the Nutrient Requirement System for Dairy Cattle in the US include variable efficiencies of absorbed essential AA for milk protein production. This first separation from a purely substrate-based system, standing on the old limiting AA theory, recognizes the ability of the cow to alter the metabolism of AA. in this review we summarize a compelling amount of evidence suggesting that AA requirements for milk protein synthesis are based on a demand-driven system. Milk protein synthesis is governed at mammary level by a set of transduction pathways, including the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1), the integrated stress response(iSR), and the unfolded protein response(UPR). in tight coordination, these pathways not only control the rate of milk protein synthesis, setting the demand for AA, but also manipulate cellular AA transport and even blood flow to the mammary glands, securing the supply of those needed nutrients. These transduction pathways, specifically mTORC1, sense specific AA, as well as other physiological signals, including insulin, the canonical indicator of energy status. insulin plays a key role on mTORC1 signaling, controlling its activation, once AA have determined mTORC1 localization to the lysosomal *** on this molecular model, AA and insulin signals need to be tightly coordinated to maximize milk protein synthesis rate. The evidence in lactating dairy cows supports this model, in which insulin and glucogenic energy potentiate the effect of AA on milk protein synthesis. incorporating the effect of specific signaling AA and the differential role of energy sources on utilization of absorbed AA for milk protein synthesis seems like

关键词： Amino acids Blood flow insulin Mammary uptake Milk proteins mTORC1 Nitrogen efficiency Splanchnic tissues

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Deep bed filtration model for cake filtration and erosion

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第2期45卷 355-372页

作者： l.i.KUZMiNA Y.V.OSiPOV A.R.PESTEREV Department of Applied Mathematics HSE UniversityMoscow 101000Russia Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Moscow State University of Civil EngineeringMoscow 129337Russia

Many phenomena in nature and technology are associated with the filtration of suspensions and colloids in porous media. Two main types of particle deposition,namely, cake filtration at the inlet and deep bed filtration throughout the entire porous medium, are studied by different models. A unified approach for the transport and deposition of particles based on the deep bed filtration model is proposed. A variable suspension flow rate, proportional to the number of free pores at the inlet of the porous medium, is considered. To model cake filtration, this flow rate is introduced into the mass balance equation of deep bed filtration. For the cake filtration without deposit erosion,the suspension flow rate decreases to zero, and the suspension does not penetrate deep into the porous medium. in the case of the cake filtration with erosion, the suspension flow rate is nonzero, and the deposit is distributed throughout the entire porous medium. An exact solution is obtained for a constant filtration function. The method of characteristics is used to construct the asymptotics of the concentration front of suspended and retained particles for a filtration function in a general form. Explicit formulae are obtained for a linear filtration function. The properties of these solutions are studied in detail.

关键词： deep bed filtration cake filtration porous medium particle deposition and erosion analytical solution concentration front

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Emerging role of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 signaling in reward circuit function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William J.Flerlage Mark l.Dell’Acqua Brian M.Cox Fereshteh S.Nugent Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

There is a strong evidence supporting the hypothesis of synaptic dysfunction as a major contributor to neural circuit and network disruption underlying emotional and mood dysregulation in psychiatric disorders(Simmons et al.,2024).Diverse sets of distinct molecular signaling pathways converge on the synapse to regulate synaptogenesis,synaptic function,and synaptic plasticity in brain regions and circuits through complex interactions organized by numerous multivalent protein scaffolds,including the family of proteins known as A-kinase anchoring proteins(AKAPs).

关键词： function supporting

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^(13)C NMR and structural study of solid state naphthol-1 and naphthol-2 arylazo-derivatives

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 1991年第3期9卷 245-250页

作者： FEDOROV l.A. REBROV A.i. REBROV A.i. institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry Academy of Sciences of USSR Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical ChemistryAcademy of Sciences of USSR

Solid state ^(13)C NMR spectra of a series of naphthol-1 and naphthol-2-arylazo--deriva- tives were studied and compared with respective results in *** of carbon nuclei of naphthalene ring were *** forms of compounds were *** was shown that 4-(p-NO_2C_6H_4)-azonaphthol-1 and 1-(p-NO_2C_6H_4)-azonaphthol-2 in solid state existed ex- clusively in quinohydrazone *** other two compounds——1-(C_6F_5)-azonaphthol-2 and 2-(p- CH_3C_6H_4)-azonaphthol-1 in solid state were not found in the form of individual tautomeric mixtures but in respective tautomeric equilibrium ***,during transition from liquid to solid state, the tautomeric equilibrium was practically *** solid state it was found that rotation around aryl-N bond was hindered in the time scale of NMR spectroscopy.

关键词： C NMR and structural study of solid state naphthol-1 and naphthol-2 arylazo-derivatives NMR

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Non-polynomial Zig-Zag and ESl shear deformation theory to study advanced composites

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第4期32卷 906-920页

作者： J.l.MANTARi i.A.RAMOS J.C.MONGE Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Instituto de investigación en ingeniería naval(IDIIN)National University of Engineering(UNI)Lima 15333Peru Department of Mechanical Engineering University of New Mexico Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología(UTEC)

The mechanical behavior of advanced composites can be modeled mathematically through unknown variables and Shear Strain Thickness Functions(SSTFs). Such SSTFs can be of polynomial or non-polynomial nature and some parameters of non-polynomial SSTFs can be optimized to get optimal results. in this paper, these parameters are called ‘‘r" and ‘‘s" and they are the argument of the trigonometric SSTFs introduced within the Carrera Unified Formulation(CUF). The Equivalent Single layer(ESl) governing equations are obtained by employing the Principle of Virtual Displacement(PVD) and are solved using Navier method solution. Furthermore, trigonometric expansion with Murakami theory was implemented in order to reproduce the Zig-Zag effects which are important for multilayer structures. Several combinations of optimization parameters are evaluated and selected by different criteria of average error. Results of the present unified trigonometrical theory with CUF bases confirm that it is possible to improve the stress and displacement results through the thickness distribution of models with reduced unknown variables. Since the idea is to find a theory with reduced numbers of unknowns, the present method appears to be an appropriate technique to select a simple model. However these optimization parameters depend on the plate geometry and the order of expansion or unknown variables. So, the topic deserves further research.

关键词： Analytical solution Composite materials CUF ESl Plate Trigonometric functions Zig-Zag effects

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Numerical Modelling of the Aeroelastic Behaviour and Variable loads for the Turbine Stage in 3D Transonic Flow

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Journal of Thermal Science 2005年第3期14卷 236-241页

作者： V.i. GNESiN l.V. KOlODYAZHNAYA R. RZADKOWSKi Department of Aerohydromechanics Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2/10 Pozharsky st. Kharkov 61046 Ukraine ProfessorDepartment of Aerohydromechanics Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2/10 Pozharsky st. Kharkov 61046 UkraineDepartment of Dynamics of Machines Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences J. Fiszera st. 14 Gdansk 80 952 Poland

in this study presented the algorithm proposed involves the coupled solution of 3-D unsteady flow through a turbine stage and the dynamics problem for rotor-blade motion by the action of aerodynamic forces, without separating the outer and inner flow fluctuations. The partially integrated method involves the solution of the fluid and structural equations separately, but information is exchanged at each time step, so that solution from one domain is used as a boundary condition for the other domain. 3-D transonic gas flow through the stator and rotor blades in relative motion with periodicity on the whole annulus is described by the unsteady Euler conservation equations, which are integrated using the explicit monotonous finite-volume difference scheme of Godunov-Kolgan. The structural analysis uses the modal approach and a 3-D finite element model of a blade. A calculation has been done for the last stage of the steam turbine, under design and off-design regimes. it is shown that the amplitude-frequency spectrum of blade oscillations contains the high frequency harmonics, corresponding to the rotor moving past one stator blade pitch, and low frequency harmonics caused by blade oscillations and flow nonuniformity downstream from the blade row; moreover, the spectrum involves the harmonics which are not multiples of the rotation frequency.

关键词： turbine stage 3D unsteady flow blade oscillations

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Novel kinetic model for the simulation analysis of the butanol productivity of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 under different reactor configurations

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第4期26卷 812-821页

作者： Hugo i.Velázquez-Sánchez Ricardo Aguilar-lópez Center of Research and Advances Studies of the National Polytechnic institute (CiNVESTAV) Biotechnology and Bioengineering DepartmentAv. National Polytechnic Institute 2508 Col. San Pedro Zacatenco

Acetone–butanol–ethanol(ABE)fermentation process can be exploited for the generation of butanol as biofuel,however it does need to overcome its low volumetric solvent productivity before it can commercially compete with fossil fuel *** this regard,mathematical modelling and simulation analysis are tools that can serve as the base for process engineering development of biological *** this work,a novel phenomenological kinetic model of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 was considered as a benchmark system to evaluate the behaviour of an ABE fermentation under different process configurations using both free and immobilized cells:single stage batch operation,fed-batch,single stage Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor(CSTR)and multistage CSTRs with and without biomass *** proposed model achieved a linear correlation index r^2=0.9952 and r^2=0.9710 over experimental data for free and immobilized cells *** predicted maximum butanol concentration and productivity obtained were 13.08 g·l^(-1)and 1.9620 g·l^(-1)·h^(-1)respectively,which represents an increase of 1.01%and 990%versus the currently developed industrial scale process reported currently into the *** results provide a reliable platform for the design and optimization of the ABE fermentation system and showcase the adequate predictive nature of the proposed model.

关键词： Biofuels Butanol Clostridium acetobutylicum Mathematical modelling Process configurations

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