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α,β-amyrin, a natural triterpenoid ameliorates L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4272-4280页

作者： Caroline Mouro Melo Karine Maria Martins Bezerra Carvalho Julliana Catharina de Sousa Neves Talita Cavalcante Morais Vietla Satyanarayana Rao Flávia Almeida Santos Gerly Anne de Castro brito Mariana Helena chaves department of Physiology and Pharmacology Biomedical Institute of Brazilian Semiarid Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Ceará department of Morphology Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Ceará department of Organic and inorganic Chemistry Federal University of Piauí

AiM: To study the benef icial effects of triterpene α,β-amyrin and the underlying mechanisms in an experimental pancreatitis model. METHODS: Acute pancreatitis was induced in five groups of rats (n = 8) by L-arginine (2 × 2.5 g/kg, intraperitoneal, 1 h apart) and 1 h later, they received a single oral dose of α,β-amyrin (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg),methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) and vehicle (3% Tween 80). A saline (0.9% NaCl) treated group served as a normal control. Efficacy was assessed at 24 h by determination of serum levels of amylase, lipase and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (iL)-6], pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lipid peroxidation [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)], nitrate/nitrite levels, and the wet weight/body weight ratio. Tissue histology and the immunoreactivity for TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) were performed. RESULTS: α,β-amyrin and methylprednisolone treatments significantly (P inine-induced increases in pancreatic wet weight/body weight ratio, and decreased the serum levels of amylase and lipase, and TNF-α and iL-6, as compared to the vehicle control. Also, pancreatic levels of MPO activity, TBARS, and nitrate/nitrite were signifi cantly lower. Histological f indings and TNF-α and iNOS immunostaining further confirmed the amelioration of pancreatic injury by α,β-amyrin. CONCLUSiON: α,β-amyrin has the potential to combat acute pancreatitis by acting as an anti-in? ammatory and antioxidant agent.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis L-arginine Cytokines Lipid peroxidation α,β-amyrin

Effects of yeast fermented soursop and umbu-caja pulps on the colonic microbiota of middle-aged hypertensive adults

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Food Bioscience 2023年第1期51卷 1067-1075页

作者： Elvira de Lourdes chaves Macedo Tatiana Colombo Pimentel Janne Santos de Morais Dirceu de Sousa Melo Angelica Cristina de Souza Marcos dos Santos Lima Karoliny brito Sampaio Noadia Priscila Araújo Rodrigues Disney Ribeiro DiasEvandro Leite de Souza Rosane Freitas Schwan Marciane Magnani Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods Federal University of Paraiba58051-900Joao PessoaPBBrazil Federal institute of Parana 87703-536ParanavaíPRBrazil Federal University of Lavras 37200-900LavrasMGBrazil institute Federal of Sertao Pernambucano 56314-520PetrolinaPEBrazil Laboratory of Food Microbiology Federal University of Paraiba58058-600Joao PessoaPBBrazil

The effects of umbu-caja and soursop pulps fermented by the yeast issatchenkia terricola 129 on the colonic microbiota of middle-aged hypertensive adults were evaluated in vitro fermentation during 48 *** relative abundance of distinct bacterial groups,pH values,and contents of organic acids,sugars,and phenolic compounds were determined at 0,24,and 48 h of *** boulardii CNCM i-745,a recognized probiotic yeast,was used for comparison *** colonic fermentation,maltose,glucose,and fructose were metabolized,resulting in reduced pH values and decreased relative abundance of Bacteroides spp./Prevotella *** soursop pulp with *** 129 improved the colonic microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium *** Lactobacillus *** reducing the relative abundance of Eubacterium rectale/Clostridium coccoides and Clostridium histolyticum,resulting in the highest prebiotic *** the same time,the consumption of rhamnose and gallic acid and higher contents of propionic and acetic acids and procyanidin B2 were *** effects on colonic microbiota were less pronounced for *** followed by umbu-caja pulp with *** *** results indicate that fermented soursop pulp with *** 129 may modulate the colonic microbiota of middle-aged hypertensive adults.

关键词： Colonic fermentation Microbiota Metabolism Spondias spp. Annona muricata L

Video capsule endoscopy vs double-balloon enteroscopy in the diagnosis of small bowel bleeding:A systematic review and metaanalysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2018年第12期10卷 400-421页

作者： Hélcio Pedrosa brito igor Braga Ribeiro Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura Wanderley Marques Bernardo Dalton Marques chaves Rogério Kuga Ethan Dwane Maahs Robson Kiyoshi ishida Eduardo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura Eduardo Guimaraes Hourneaux de Moura department of Endoscopy of Clinics Hospital of Sao Paulo University Sao Paulo 05403-00Brazil Molecular and Cell Biology University of CaliforniaCaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720United States

AiM To compare the diagnostic accuracy of video capsule endoscopy(VCE) and double-balloon enteroscopy(DBE) in cases of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGiB) of vascular *** MEDLiNE(via PubMed), LiLACS(via BVS) and Cochrane/CENTRAL virtual databases were searched for studies dated before 2017. We identified prospective and retrospective studies, including observational, cohort, single-blinded and multicenter studies, comparing VCE and DBE for the diagnosis of OGiB, and data of all the vascular sources of bleeding were collected. All patients were subjected to the same gold standard method. Relevant data were then extracted from each included study using a standardized extraction form. We calculated study variables(sensitivity, specificity, prevalence, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy) and performed a meta-analysis using Meta-Disc *** in the per-patient analysis, 17 studies(1477 lesions) were included. We identified3150 exams(1722 VCE and 1428 DBE) in 2043 patients and identified 2248 sources of bleeding, 1467 of which were from vascular lesions. Of these lesions, 864(58.5%) were diagnosed by VCE, and 613(41.5%) were diagnosed by DBE. The pretest probability for bleeding of vascular origin was 54.34%. The sensitivity of DBE was 84%(95%Ci: 0.82-0.86; heterogeneity: 78.00%), and the specificity was92%(95%Ci: 0.89-0.94; heterogeneity: 92.0%). For DBE, the positive likelihood ratio was 11.29(95%Ci: 4.83-26.40; heterogeneity: 91.6%), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.20(95%Ci: 0.15-0.27; heterogeneity: 67.3%). Performing DBE after CE increased the diagnostic yield of vascular lesion by 7%, from 83% to90%.CONCLUSiON The diagnostic accuracy of detecting small bowel bleeding from a vascular source is increased with the use of an isolated video capsule endoscope compared with isolated DBE. However, concomitant use increases the detection rate of the bleeding source.

关键词： Small bowel bleeding Hemorrhage Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Obscure hemorrhage Enteroscopy

Vitamin D and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in HiV infected Patients Taking Antiretroviral Therapy

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World Journal of AiDS 2014年第4期4卷 430-437页

作者： Huylmer Lucena chaves Henrique Pires Moreira Hayato Augusto Hossoe Correa William Browne de Oliveira Machado Rian brito Teles Lucigleyson Ribeiro do Nascimento Janedson Baima Bezerra Filho Camilla Camuza Coelho Rabelo Queiroz Danilo Goncalves Nobrega Ana Carolina Vasconcelos Moreira Maria Carolina Nunes Albano de Meneses Fabricio de Maicy Bezerra Melissa Soares Medeiros Medicine School UNICHRISTUSFortalezaBrazil Fortaleza General Hospital FortalezaBrazil Sso Jose Hospital of infectious Diseases FortalezaBrazil

Objective: Due to the lack of studies assessing hypovitaminosis D and secondary hyperparathyroidism in Brazilian HiV-infected population, especially in the northeastern population, this study aimed to determine the profile of these conditions in patients infected with HiV and its correlation with immuno-virological, sociodemographic data and associated comorbidities. Methods: Comparison studies were obtained from routine clinical samples of HiV infected patients submitted for 25-OH Vitamin D, PTH and alkaline phosphatase determination. Results: A total of 78 patients were included, 42 (53.8%) males, mean age 45.7 years. Antiretroviral regimens most used in this study were Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Efavirenz 17.9%, Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz 17.9%,Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Atazanavir-r 15.4%. The mean value CD4 count was 592.1 ± 247.2 cells/mm3, CD8 cell count was 1026.5 ± 467.3 cells/mm3, mean detectable viral load was 2220 ± 15703 copies and CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.63 ± 0.33. A total of 34 vitamin D dosages were collected with 41.2% representing sufficient amount and 58.8% insufficient. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) dosage was elevated in 49.3% (N=35) of the patients. Parathormone (PTH) was elevated in 18% (N = 11). Among patients with elevated PTH levels, 81.9% had elevated levels of ALP (p = 0.01). in the group of patients with high levels of ALP, 45.7% had a CD4 count 3 (p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in vitamin D related to gender (p = 0.21), age (p = 0.23), CD4 count (p = 0.26), suppressed viral load (p = 0.44) or blood glucose (p = 0.45). Conclusions: This study evidenced a high prevalence of Vitamin D insufficiency in Northeast Brazil, which suggests HiV infection correlation. A high prevalence of Hyperparathyroidism was detected and related with inflammatory condition persistence and low CD4 count. We suggest improve vitamin D follow up and measurements in this population with better CD4 count control to avoid future osteoarticular complications of HiV

关键词： HiV Hyperparathyroidism Vitamin D Antiretroviral Therapy