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Factor analysis of recent major heatwaves in East Asia

Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 374-383页

作者： Arim Yoon Jeongwon Kim Jooyeop Lee hyun min sung Je-Woo Hong Seung-Ki min Junhong Lee Jinkyu Hong Ecosystem-Atmosphere Process Laboratory Department of Atmospheric SciencesYonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea National Institute of Meteorological Sciences Jeju 63568Republic of Korea Korea Adaptation Center for Climate Korea Environment InstituteSejong 30121Republic of Korea Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Hamburg 20146Germany Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Heatwaves(HWs)present a major hazard to our society and more extreme heatwaves are expected with future climatic ***,it is important to improve our understanding of the underlying processes that drive HWs,in order to boost our socioeconomic-ecological *** this study,we quantified the influences of key driving factors(large-scale atmospheric circulation,soil moisture,and sea surface temperature)and their synergies on recent heatwaves in East *** conducted a factor separation analysis for three recent HW events by constraining the key factors in the regional Weather Research and Forecasting model with their climatologies or pseudo-observations in different *** study showed distinct spatial variations in the HW-controlling factors in East *** synergistic interaction of large-scale circulation and soil moisture was the most important factors in the 2013 Chinese *** the 2018 HWs in Korea and Japan,the same stagnant large-scale atmospheric circulation played a dominant role in driving the HW *** land-atmosphere coupling via soil moisture,its interaction with circulation,and SST exhibited stronger influences during the Korean HW than the Japanese *** analysis also revealed temporal variations in the factors driving Korean and Chinese HWs due to typhoon passage and other multiple processes over heterogeneous surfaces(i.e.,topographically induced Foehn winds,large-scale warm advection from the warm ocean,spatial differences in soil moisture).Our findings suggest that future heatwave-related studies should consider interactive contributions of key factors,their interplay with surface heterogeneities of complex terrain.

关键词： Heatwave East Asia Large-scale circulation Soil moisture Sea surface temperature Synergistic impacts

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Effectiveness of bee venom acupuncture in alleviating post-stroke shoulder pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第4期13卷 241-247页

作者： sung min Lim Sook-hyun Lee Department of Clinical Research on Rehabilitation Korea National Rehabilitation Research Institute

BACKGROUND：Shoulder pain is a common complication of *** venom acupuncture（BVA）is increasingly used in the treatment of post-stroke shoulder ***：To summarize and evaluate evidence on the effectiveness of BVA in relieving shoulder pain after *** STRATEGY：Nine databases,namely MEDLINE,EMBASE,the Cochrane Library,the China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,the Japan Science and Technology Information Aggregator,Electronic（J-STAGE）,and four Korean medical databases,namely,the National Assembly Library,the Research Information Service System,the National Discovery for Science Leaders,and OASIS,were searched from their inception through August 2014 without language *** CRITERIA：Randomized controlled trials（RCTs）were included if BVA was used at acupoints as the sole treatment,or as an adjunct to other treatments,for shoulder pain after *** EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS：Two review authors independently selected trials for inclusion,assessed methodological quality and extracted ***：A total of 138 potentially relevant articles were identifi ed,4 of which were RCTs that met our inclusion *** quality of studies included was generally low,and a preponderance of positive results was *** four trials reported favorable effects of BVA on shoulder pain after *** RCTs assessing the effects of BVA on post-stroke shoulder pain,as opposed to saline injections,were included in the *** was signifi cantly lower for BVA than for saline injections（standardized mean difference on 10-cm visual analog scale：1.46 cm,95%CI=0.30–2.62,P=0.02,n=86）CONCLUSION：This review provided evidence suggesting that BVA is effective in relieving shoulder pain after ***,further studies are needed to confi rm the role of BVA in alleviating post-stroke shoulder *** studies should be conducted with large samples and rigorous study designs.

关键词： bee venoms acupuncture therapy stroke shoulder pain meta-analysis systematic review

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Process analysis of direct laser melting to fabricate layered hybrid beads

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2012年第S3期22卷 813-819页

作者： Jeong-hwan JANG sung-min MUN Tae-hyun KIM Young-hoon MOON School of Mechanical Engineering Engineering Research Center for Net Shape and Die ManufacturingPusan National University

The successful fabrication of layered hybrid beads by DLM process is limited by dissimilar melting ranges of different *** the application of DLM process into manufacturing industries,target mechanical properties of final product must be *** analysis was performed for the DLM fabrication of layered hybrid beads by using stainless steel (SS 316L) and titanium *** the analysis of fabrication characteristics,single hybrid bead was formed using SS316L powder onto the base plate and then Ti powder was melted onto the previous melted *** addition,multi-layer hybrid beads were fabricated for the analysis of the layering effects between *** these studies,the effects of the processing parameters,such as laser power,scan rate and scan line spacing on surface morphology were characterized and optimum processing conditions for the DLM fabrication of layered hybrid beads were developed.

关键词： stainless steel 316L Ti powder energy density surface roughness direct laser melting process layered hybrid beads

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第4期6卷 283-287页

作者： sung Ho Jang Sang-hyun Cho Mi Young Lee Yong hyun Kwon min Cheul Chang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717Republic of Korea Department of Physical Therapy Institute of Health ScienceYonsei University College of Health ScienceWounju-siGangwon-do 220-710Republic of Korea Department of Physical Therapy College of Health and TherapyDaegu Haany UniversitySuseongkuDaegu 706-060Republic of Korea Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam College of Science and TechnologyNamkuDaegu 705-703Republic of Korea

The corticospinal tract （CST） is one of the most important neural tracts for motor function in the human brain. Little is known about age-related changes of the CST. tn this study, we tried to evaluate age-related changes of the CST using diffusion tensor imaging in 60 healthy subjects. The diffusion tensor imaging result revealed that the tract number and fractional anisotropy value were decreased, and the apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） value was increased with aging. The distribution showed a semilog pattern for tract number, fractional anisotropy and ADC of the CST, and the pattern of each graph was near-linear. When compared with the diffusion tensor imaging parameters of subjects in the 20 s age group, tract number and fractional anisotropy values were significantly decreased in the 50 s-70 s age groups. Likewise, the ADC value was significantly higher in the 50 s-70 s age groups. The CST in the brain of normal subjects degenerated continuously from the 20 s to the 70 s, with a near-linear pattern, and degeneration of the CST began to manifest significantly in the subjects in their 50 s, compared with the subjects in their 20 s.

关键词： corticospinal tract motor function aging diffusion tensor imaging

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Microstructural characteristics and low-cycle fatigue properties of AZ91 and AZ91-Ca-Y alloys extruded at different temperatures

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 892-902页

作者： Ye Jin Kim Young min Kim Jun Ho Bae Soo-hyun Joo sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

The commercial AZ91 alloy and nonflammable SEN9(AZ91-0.3Ca-0.2Y,wt%)alloy are extruded at 300°C and 400°*** microstructure,tensile and compressive properties,and low-cycle fatigue(LCF)properties are investigated,with particular focus on the influence of the extrusion *** the AZ91 and SEN9 materials extruded at 300°C(300-materials),numerous fine Mg_(17)Al_(12)particles are inhomogeneously distributed owing to localized dynamic precipitation during extrusion,unlike those extruded at 400°C(400-materials).These fine particles suppress the coarsening of recrystallized grains,decreasing the average grain size of *** the four extruded materials have considerably different microstructures,the difference in their tensile yield strengths is insignificant because strong grain-boundary hardening and precipitation hardening effects in 300-materials are offset almost completely by a strong texture hardening effect in ***,owing to their finer grains and weaker texture,300-materials have higher compressive yield strengths *** the LCF tests,{10-12}twinning is activated at lower stresses in 400-materials than in *** the fatigue damage accumulated per cycle is smaller in 400-materials,they have longer fatigue lives than those of 300-materials.A fatigue life prediction model for the investigated materials is established on the basis of the relationship between the total strain energy density(ΔW_(t))and the number of cycles to fatigue failure(N_(f)),and it is expressed through a simple equation(ΔW_(t)=10·N_(f)-0.59).This model enables fatigue life prediction of both the investigated alloys regardless of the extrusion temperature and strain amplitude.

关键词： AZ91-Ca-Y Extrusion temperature Microstructure Low-cycle fatigue Fatigue life prediction model

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Does hemispheric lateralization influence therapeutic effects of transcranial direct current stimulation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第1期11卷 126-129页

作者： Yong hyun Kwon Kyung Woo Kang Na Kyung Lee sung min Son Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam University College Department of Physical Therapy College of Rehabilitation Science Daegu University Department of Physical Therapy College of Health Science Cheongju University

This study investigated the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation（t DCS） polarity depending on lateralized function of task property in normal individuals performing visuomotor and simple repetitive tasks. Thirty healthy participants with no neurological disorders were recruited to participate in this study. Participants were randomly allocated into active or control condition. For the active condition, t DCS intensity was 2 m A with stimulation applied for 15 minutes to the right hemisphere（t DCS condition）. For the sham control, electrodes were placed in the same position, but the stimulator was turned off after 30 seconds（sham condition）. The tapping and tracking task tests were performed before and after for both conditions. Univariate analysis revealed significant difference only in the tracking task. For direct comparison of both tasks within each group, the tracking task had significantly higher Z score than the tapping task in the t DCS group（P 〈 0.05）. Thus, our study indicates that stimulation of the right hemisphere using t DCS can effectively improve visuomotor（tracking） task over simple repetitive（tapping） task.

关键词： nerve regeneration transcranial direct current stimulation visuomotor task tracking task task property hemispheric lateralization neural regeneration

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Is effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on visuomotor coordination dependent on task difficulty?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第3期10卷 463-466页

作者： Yong hyun Kwon Kyung Woo Kang sung min Son Na Kyung Lee Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam University College Department of Physical Therapy College of Rehabilitation ScienceDaegu University Department of Physical Therapy College of Health Science Cheongju University

Transcranial direct current stimulation （tDCS）, an emerging technique for non-invasive brain stimulation, is increasingly used to induce changes in cortical excitability and modulate motor behavior, especially for upper limbs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tDCS of the primary motor cortex on visuomotor coordination based on three levels of task difficulty in healthy subjects. Thirty-eight healthy participants underwent real tDCS or sham tDCS. Using a single-blind, sham-controlled crossover design, tDCS was applied to the primary motor cortex. For real tDCS conditions, tDCS intensity was 1 mA while stimulation was applied for 15 minutes. For the sham tDCS, electrodes were placed in the same position, but the stimu- lator was turned off after 5 seconds. Visuomotor tracking task, consisting of three levels （levels 1, 2, 3） of difficulty with higher level indicating greater difficulty, was performed before and after tDCS application. At level 2, real tDCS of the primary motor cortex improved the accurate index compared to the sham tDCS. However, at levels 1 and 3, the accurate index was not significantly increased after real tDCS compared to the sham tDCS. These findings suggest that tasks of mod- erate difficulty may improve visuomotor coordination in healthy subjects when tDCS is applied compared with easier or more difficult tasks.

关键词： neural regeneration transcranial direct current stimulation visuomotor coordination task difficulty primary motor area motor learning neural regeneration

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Three-dimensional label-free morphology of CD8+T cells as a sepsis biomarker

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第12期12卷 2565-2576页

作者： minDong sung Jong hyun Kim hyun-Seok min Sooyoung Jang JaeSeong Hong Bo Kyu Choi JuHye Shin Kyung Soo Chung Yu Rang Park Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Tomocube Inc155 Sinseong-roShinsung-dongYuseong-guDaejeonRepublic of Korea

Sepsis is a dysregulated immune response to infection that leads to organ dysfunction and is associated with a high incidence and mortality *** lack of reliable biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosis of sepsis is a major challenge in its *** aimed to investigate the potential of three-dimensional label-free CD8+T cell morphology as a biomarker for *** study included three-time points in the sepsis recovery cohort(N=8)and healthy controls(N=20).Morphological features and spatial distribution within cells were compared among the patients'*** developed a deep learning model to predict the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis using the internal cell *** between the morphological features and clinical indices were *** morphological features and spatial distribution differed significantly between patients with sepsis and healthy controls and between the survival and non-survival *** model for predicting the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of nearly 100%with only a few cells,and a strong correlation between the morphological features and clinical indices was *** study highlights the potential of three-dimensional label-free CD8+T cell morphology as a promising biomarker for *** approach is rapid,requires a minimum amount of blood samples,and has the potential to provide valuable information for the early diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis.

关键词： sepsis diagnosis Morphological

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Rational strategy for power doubling of monolithic multijunction III-V photovoltaics by accommodating attachable scattering waveguides

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第11期13卷 2734-2744页

作者： Shin hyung Lee Hyo Jin Kim Jae-hyun Kim Gwang Yeol Park Sun-Kyung Kim sung-min Lee School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center Korea Photonics Technology InstituteGwangju 61007Republic of Korea Department of Applied Physics Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

While waveguide-based light concentrators offer significant advantages,their application has not been considered an interesting option for assisting multijunction or other two-terminal tandem solar *** this study,we present a simple yet effective approach to enhancing the output power of transfer-printed multijunction InGaP/GaAs solar *** utilizing a simply combinable waveguide concentrator featuring a coplanar waveguide with BaSO4 Mie scattering elements,we enable the simultaneous absorption of directly illuminated solar flux and indirectly waveguided *** deployment of cells is optimized for front-surface photon collection in monofacial *** systematic comparisons across various waveguide parameters,supported by both experimental and theoretical quantifications,we demonstrate a remarkable improvement in the maximum output power of a 26%-efficient cell,achieving an enhancement of~93%with the integration of the optimal scattering ***,a series of supplementary tests are conducted to explore the effective waveguide size,validate enhancements in arrayed cell module performance,and assess the drawbacks associated with rear *** findings provide a comprehensive understanding of our proposed approach towards advancing multi-junction photovoltaics.

关键词： waveguide scattering power

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The hidden switches undertying RORα-mediated circuits that critically regulate uncontrolled cell proliferation

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2014年第4期8卷 338-348页

作者： Dongkwan Shin Ik Soo Kim Ji min Lee sung-Young Shin Jong-Hoon Lee sung Hee Baek Kwang-hyun Cho Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea Department of Biological Sciences Creative Research Initiative Center for Chromatin Dynamics Seoul National University Seou1151-742 Republic of Korea

Prostaglandin E2 （PGE2） is known to have a key role in the development of colorectal cancer, but previous experiments showed its contrasting （i.e. tumor-promoting or tu mor-suppressive） roles depending on experimental conditions. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying such contrasting roles of PG E2 in tumorigenesis, we investigated all the previous experiments and found a new signal transduction pathway mediated by retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor （ROR）α, in which PGE2/PKCα-dependent phosphorylation of RORα attenuates Wnt target gene expression in colon cancer ceils. From mathematical simulations combined with biochemical experimentation, we revealed that RORα induces a biphasic response of Wnt target genes to PGE2 stimulation through a regulatory switch formed by an incoherent feedforward loop, which provides a mechanistic explanation on the contrasting roles of PGE2 observed in previous experiments. More interestingly, we found that RORα constitutes another regulatory switch formed by coupled positive and negative feedback loops, which regulates the hysteretic response of Wnt signaling and eventually converts a proliferative cellular state into an anti-proliferative state in a very delicate way. Our results indicate that RORα is the key regulator at the center of these hidden switches that critically regulate cancer celt proliferation and thereby being a promising anti-cancer therapeutic target.

关键词： colorectal cancer Wnt signaling RORα mathematical modeling biphasic response hysteresis systems biology

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