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A GIS-Based Framework for Real-Time Debris-Flow Hazard Assessment for Expressways in Korea

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第3期7卷 293-311页

作者： Han-Saem kim Choong-Ki Chung Sang-rae kim Kyung-Suk kim Earthquake Research Center Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Seoul National University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northwestern University Expressway and Transportation Research Institute Korea Expressway Corporation

Debris flows caused by heavy rainfall in mountain areas near expressways lead to severe social and economic losses and sometimes result in ***, the development of a real-time system for debris-flow hazard assessment is necessary to provide preliminary information for rapid decision making about evacuations or restoration measures, as well as to prevent secondary disasters caused by debris flows. Recently,various map-based approaches have been proposed using multi-attribute criteria and assessment methods for debrisflow susceptibilities. For the macrozonation of debris-flow hazard at a national scale, a simplified method such as the Korea Expressway Corporation(KEC) debris-flow hazard assessment method can be applied for systematic analysis based on geographic information systems(GIS) and monitoring networks. In this study, a GIS-based framework of real-time debris-flow hazard assessment for expressway sections is proposed based on the KEC debris-flow hazard assessment method. First, the KEC-based method was standardized in a systematic fashion using Arc GIS,enabling the objective and quantitative acquisition of various attribute datasets. The quantification of rainfall criteria also was considered. A safety management system for debris-flow hazard was developed based on the GIS platform. Finally, the method was applied and verified on three expressway sections in Korea. The grading standard for each individual influencing attribute was subsequently modified to more accurately assess the debris-flow hazards.

关键词： Debris-flow hazard Expressway management GIS Korea Real-time hazard assessment

Materials and devices for flexible and stretchable photodetectors and light-emitting diodes

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Nano Research 2021年第9期14卷 2919-2937页

作者： Jun-Kyul Song Min Sung kim Seungwon Yoo Ja Hoon Koo Dae-hyeong kim Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Seoul 08826Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Recently,significant efforts have been directed at overcoming the limitations of conventional rigid optoelectronic devices,particularly their poor mechanical stability under bending,folding,and stretching *** of major approaches for rendering optoelectronic devices mechanically deformable is to replace the conventional electronic/optoelectronic materials with functional nanomaterials or organic materials that are intrinsically flexible/***,advanced device designs and unconventional fabrication methods have also contributed to the development of soft optoelectronic ***,new devices such as bio-inspired curved image sensors,wearable light emitting devices,and deformable bio-integrated optoelectronic devices have been *** this review,recent progress in the development of soft optoelectronic materials and devices is ***,various materials such as nanomaterials,organic materials,and their hybrids that are suitable for developing deformable photodetectors,are ***,the nanomaterials and organic/polymeric materials that are applicable in deformable light-emitting diodes are ***,representative system-level applications of flexible and stretchable photodetectors and light-emitting diodes are reviewed,and future prospects are discussed.

关键词： nanomaterial organic material photodetector light-emitting diode flexible optoelectronics stretchable optoelectronics

Permo-Triassic high-pressure metamorphism in the central western Korean Peninsula, and its link to Paleo-Tethyan Ocean closure: Key issues revisited

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1325-1335页

作者： hyeong Soo kim Sanghoon Kwon Sung Won kim M.Santosh Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Korea University Department of Earth System Sciences Yonsei University Geology Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration Department of Earth Sciences University of Adelaide

Permo-Triassic high-pressure(HP) mafic granulites, together with the Bibong retrogressed eclogite,preserved along the central western Korean Peninsula provide important insights into the Late Permian to Triassic collisional orogeny in northeast Asia. The metamorphic pressureetemperatureetime(P-T-t)paths of these rocks, however, remain poorly constrained and even overestimated, owing to outdated geothermobarometers and inaccurate isopleth techniques. Here we evaluate the metamorphic Pe T conditions of Triassic HP mafic granulites including those in Baekdong, Sinri and Daepan and the Bibong Triassic retrogressed eclogite in the Hongseong area, and the Permo-Triassic Samgot mafic granulite in the Imjingang Belt of the central western Korean Peninsula through the application of modern phase equilibria techniques. The Baekdong and Samgot mafic granulites and the Bibong retrogressed eclogite yield a range of 12.0 -16.0 kbar and 800 -900℃, representing HP granulite facies conditions. The Sinri and Daepan granulites from the Hongseong area show relatively lower grade metamorphic conditions between HP granulite and normal granulite facies, and are characterized by sub-isothermal decompression during exhumation. The similarities in the metamorphic ages and the post-collisional igneous activity from the central western Korean Peninsula indicate that the Triassic ages represent the retrograde stage of the metamorphic Pe T paths. In contrast, the Late Permian metamorphic ages, which are older than protolith ages of the post-collisional igneous rocks, correspond to the possible prograde stage of metamorphism. The P-T-t paths presented in this paper, together with the metamorphic ages and post-orogenic igneous events reported from these areas suggest trace of the subduction, accretion and exhumation history, and indicate a tectonic linkage among the northeast Asian continents during the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean closure.

关键词： HP granulite Retrogressed eclogite Petrology and phase equilibria Metamorphic P-T-t paths Central western Korean Peninsula

Effects of Ag Seed on Synthesis of FeCo Nano-Particles Prepared via the Polyol Method

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第7期26卷 660-664页

作者： Uk-rae Cho Geun-Woo kim Bon-Heun Koo School of Nano and Advanced Materials Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwonGyeongnam641-773Korea

Nano-particles have several interesting properties which are not shown in bulk materials because of their high ratio of surface area to volume. FeCo alloy nano-particles with soft magnetic properties are demanded for various applications such as optics, eletronics and magnetics. Through the polyol method, highly purified particles with mono-dispersibility in various sizes can be produced and used as high-tech functional materials. In this study, the magnetic characteristics of FeCo alloy with Ag seed added in the production process of mono-dispersed nano-particles through the polyol method were investigated.

关键词： Polyol method FeCo Ag Seed

Removal of primary iron rich phase from aluminum-silicon melt by centrifugal separation

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China Foundry 2013年第2期10卷 112-117页

作者： Seong Woo kim Un Ho Im hyeong Cheol Cha Se hyeong kim Ji Eun Jang Ki Young kim School of Energy Materials and Chemical EngineeringKorea University of Technology and Education

Recycling is a major consideration in continued aluminum use due to the enormous demand for high quality products. Some impurity elements gradually accumulate through the repetitive reuse of aluminum alloy scrap. Of them, the iron content should be suppressed under the allowed limit. In the present research, a novel separation method was introduced to remove primary iron-rich intermetallic compounds by centrifugation during solidification of AI-Si-Fe alloys. This method does not use the density difference between two phases as in other centrifugal methods, but uses the order of solidification in AI-Si-Fe alloys, because iron promotes the formation of intermetallic compounds with other alloying elements as a primary phase. Two AI-Si-Fe alloys which have different iron contents were chosen as the starting materials. The iron-rich phase could be efficiently removed by centrifuging under a centrifugal force of 40 g. Coarse intermetallic compounds were found in the sample inside the crucible, while rather fine intermetallic compounds were found in the sample outside the crucible. Primary intermetallic compounds were linked to each other via aluminum-rich matrix, and formed like a network. The highest iron removal fraction is 67% and the lowest one is 7% for AI-12Si-1.7Fe alloy. And they are 82% and 18% for AI-12Si-3.4Fe alloy, respectively.

关键词： Al-Si alloys iron removal centrifugal separation

Pyrimidine nucleotide starvation induces a decrease in the number of effector T cells but not memory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第8期20卷 859-860页

作者： Gwanghun kim Hyun Mu Shin Hang-rae kim Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Republic of Korea Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Republic of Korea BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project Department of Anatomy&Cell BiologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Republic of Korea Medical Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Republic of Korea Wide River Institute of Immunology Seoul National UniversityHongcheon25159Republic of Korea

Scherer et *** the influence of de novo pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis on T-cell responses after antigen stimulation,particularly on effector and memory T-cell development[1].Their work focused on the effect of leflunomide(trade name Avara®),which is a direct inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase(DHODH;a key enzyme in the de novo pyrimidine nucleotide pathway and located on the inner mitochondrial membrane).In this pathway,DHODH converts dihydroorotate to orotate and has been implicated in the reduction of ubiquinol to ubiquinone mediated by Complex III in the electron transport *** metabolic effects of DHODH inhibition are unclear[2,3].However,it is known to block S-phase progression by activating *** was originally approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)in 1998;the mechanism involves the induction of S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis,inhibiting cell proliferation and *** studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of leflunomide for cancer[4].Despite the efficacy of leflunomide,the mechanism by which it targets immune cells in the treatment of RA was unknown;however,the work of Scherer and colleagues has shed new light on this mechanism.

关键词： mechanism rotate convert

Tumor response assessment by the single-lesion measurement per organ in small cell lung cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2016年第2期28卷 161-167页

作者： Soong Goo Jung Jung Han kim hyeong Su kim Kyoung Ju kim Ik Yang Department of Internal Medicine Kangnam Sacred-Heart HospitalHallym University Medical CenterHallym University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Radiation Oncology Kangnam Sacred-Heart HospitalHallym University Medical CenterHallym University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Radiology Kangnam Sacred-Heart HospitalHallym University Medical CenterHallym University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea

Background： The criterion of two target lesions per organ in the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors （RECIST） version I. 1 is an arbitrary one, being supported by no objective evidence. The optimal number of target lesions per organ still needs to be investigated. We compared tumor responses using the RECIST 1.1 （measuring two target lesions per organ） and modified RECIST I. 1 （measuring the single largest lesion in each organ） in patients with small cell lung cancer （SCLC）. Methods： We reviewed medical records of patients with SCLC who received first-line treatment between January 2004 and December 2014 and compared tumor responses according to the two criteria using computed tomography. Results： There were a total of 34 patients who had at least two target lesions in any organ according to the RECIST 1.1 during the study period. The differences in the percentage changes of the sum of tumor measurements between RECIST 1.1 and modified RECIST 1.1 were all within 13%. Seven patients showed complete response and fourteen showed partial response according to the RECIST I.I. The overall response rate was 61.8%. When assessing with the modified RECIST 1.1 instead of the RECIST 1.1, tumor responses showed perfect concordance between the two criteria （k= 1.0）. Conclusions： The modified RECIST 1.I showed perfect agreement with the original RECIST 1.I in the assessment of tumor response of SCLC. Our result suggests that it may be enough to measure the single largest target lesion per organ for evaluating tumor response.

关键词： Target lesion Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors tumor response I.I (modified RECIST 1.1) small cell lung cancer (SCLC)

Evaluation of immobilizing agents as soil quality conditioners in addition to their metal(loid) immobilizing effect

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Pedosphere 2022年第2期32卷 307-316页

作者： Chaw Su LWIN Mina LEE Young-Nam kim Gary OWENS Kwon-rae kim Department of Soil and Water Science Yezin Agricultural UniversityYezinNaypyitaw 15013Myanmar Department of Smart-Agro Industry Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52725Korea Institute of Agriculture and Life Science(IALS) Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea Environmental Contaminants Group Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South AustralianMawson Lakes SA 5095Australia

In trace metal (TM)-contaminated agricultural soils,management of TM availability is important for safe crop *** addition,maintenance or improvement of soil quality is vital for sustainable crop *** TM phytoavailability and increased soil quality can be achieved by the application of various immobilizing agents to soil,which can supply both macronutrients and organic *** study investigated the long-term influences of four common immobilizing agents on soil biogeochemical properties and the phytoavailability of TMs in mixed metal-contaminated soil from a cultivated upland near an abandoned mining *** (L),gypsum (G),fly ash (F),and animal manure-based compost (C) were applied to pots containing contaminated soil,either individually or in *** incubation for three years under sequential cultivation of two crops and fallow,soil biogeochemical properties were determined,and Brassica rapa plant bioassay was *** phytoavailability of all TMs (both cationic metals and anionic metalloids) remained significantly lower in soils treated with immobilizing agents even after three years,when compared with the no-agent control (CK) *** addition,the soil quality was significantly improved by treatment with immobilizing *** instance,the C and L+C treatments were the most effective in improving soil physical (bulk density,porosity,and water-resistant aggregate stability),chemical (pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,cation exchange capacity,and plant-available phosphorus,magnesium,and potassium),and biological (microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activity) *** improvement of soil properties and lowering of TM bioavailability were also consistent with the most significant increase in *** biomass production observed in the C treatment,followed by the L+C,G+F,L,G,F,and L+G treatments,as compared with that in *** results indicate that the function of the TM-immobilizing agent as a soil qualit

关键词： crop production metal bioavailability metal immobilization metal phytoavailability soil amendments soil biogeochemical properties soil remediation trace metals

Preparation of Highly Crystalline Graphitic Nanocarbon for the Electro-Oxidation of Methanol

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Nano Research 2011年第1期4卷 92-102页

作者： Ji Bong Joo Nam Dong kim hyeong Jin Yun Pil kim Jongheop Yi World Class University （WCU） program of Chemical Convergence for Energy ＆ Environment （C2E2） School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National University Shinlim-dong Kwanak-ku Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Specialized Graduate School of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Engineering Chonbuk National University Jeonju 561-756 Republic of Korea

Highly crystalline graphitic nanocarbons （GNC） have been prepared by the wet-air treatment of hydrothermally- derived graphitic porous carbon. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical methods. The experimental results revealed that the treatment temperature has a significant effect on the morphology and degree of graphitic crystallinity. When GNC was treated at 450 ~C under a wet-air atmosphere, the product （GNC-450） consisted of aggregates of silkworm-shaped carbon nanoparticles with enhanced graphitic characteristics. GNC-450 was evaluated as a catalyst support in the electro-oxidation of methanol. The Pt/GNC-450 catalyst contained smaller Pt particles and had a higher electrochemically active surface area than a commercial carbon black-supported Pt catalyst. In the electro-oxidation of methanol, the Pt/GNC-450 catalyst showed the highest performance among the Pt catalysts examined in this study. The superior catalytic performance appears to be closely related to the enhanced graphitic characteristics with highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles on the graphitic layers, which have a positive effect on the electrochemical performance.

关键词： Graphitic nanostructured carbon wet-air treatment enhanced crystallinity Pt catalyst