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Effect of Saline Water on Soil Acidity, Alkalinity and Nutrients Leaching in Sandy Loamy Soil in Rwamagana Bella Flower Farm, Rwanda

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 15-35页

作者： Abel Mwubahaman Wali Umaru Garba hussein Bizimana Jean de Dieu Bazimenyera Eric Derrick Bugenimana Jean Nepomuscene Nsengiyumva Department of Irrigation and Drainage School of Agriculture Engineering College of Agriculture Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine University of Rwanda Nyagatare Campus Kigali Rwanda Department of Agricultural Engineering Rwanda Polytechnic—IPRC Gishari Kigali Rwanda

The necessity to saline and sodic waters is sometimes used for irrigating agricultural activities under certain circumstances, but it is important to note that the use of these waters comes with specific considerations and limitations. One way to decrease undesirable effects of sodic waters on the physical and chemical properties of soils is to apply organic and chemical amendments within the soil. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of saline water on soil acidity, alkalinity and nutrients leaching in sandy loamy soil at Bella flower farm, in Rwamagana District, Rwanda. The water used was from the Muhazi Lake which is classified as Class I (Saline water quality). Column leaching experiments using treated soils were then conducted under saturated conditions. The soil under experimental was first analyzed for its textural classification, soil properties and is classified as sandy loamy soil. The t-test was taken at 1%, 5% and 10% levels of statistical significance compared to control soil. The results indicated that the application of saline water to soils caused an increase in some soil nutrients like increase of Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Sulphur (S), CN ratio and Sodium (Na+) and decreased soil texture, physical and chemical properties and remained soil nutrients. Consequently, the intensive addition of saline water leachates to soil in PVC pipes led to decreased of soil EC through leaching and a raiser Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP). The rate of saline water application affected the increase accumulation of SAR and Na% in the top soil layers. The study indicated that saline water is an inefficient amendment for sandy soil with saline water irrigation. The study recommends further studies with similar topic with saline water irrigation, as it accentuated the alkalinity levels.

关键词： Nutrients Leaching Saline Water Soil Acidity Soil Alkalinity

含二硫化硒洗发水对中-重度头皮脂溢性皮炎外用糖皮质激素/水杨酸治疗后的疗效维持作用

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中华皮肤科杂志 2024年第5期57卷 483-484页

作者： Philippe Massiot Pascal Reygagne Corinne Chagnoleau Leila Kanoun-Copy Florence Pouradier Geneviève Loussouarn Catherine Queille-Roussel hussein Jouni Delphine Kerob L'Oréal Research and Innovation Saint-Ouen France. Centre Sabouraud Hôpital Saint-Louis 1 avenue Claude-Vellefaux 75010 Paris France. CPCAD Hôpital l'Archet Nice France. L'Oréal Research and Innovation Aulnay-sous-Bois France. Cosmetic Active International Levallois-Perret France.

脂溢性皮炎是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,好发于头皮、面部和躯干等皮脂腺分布丰富的部位。头皮脂溢性皮炎主要表现为红斑和片状鳞屑,程度从轻度鳞屑到弥漫性大片黏着性鳞屑不等,伴有明显的瘙痒,并容易反复发作。目前认为脂溢性皮炎的发生与... 详细信息

脂溢性皮炎是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,好发于头皮、面部和躯干等皮脂腺分布丰富的部位。头皮脂溢性皮炎主要表现为红斑和片状鳞屑,程度从轻度鳞屑到弥漫性大片黏着性鳞屑不等,伴有明显的瘙痒,并容易反复发作。目前认为脂溢性皮炎的发生与亲脂性马拉色菌定植增加以及遗传、环境和全身健康状况等因素相关,上述因素共同导致皮脂腺代谢活动异常、皮脂成分改变、表皮屏障功能障碍,最终加重炎症反应。

关键词：头皮脂溢性皮炎二硫化硒洗发水亲脂性炎症反应马拉色菌皮脂腺黏着性

Constructing a small organic molecule by using the derivative of oxadiazole for photovoltaic applications

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年

作者： hussein K.MEJBEL ABDIULRSOOL H.AL-TAHER FAYEZ A.NAMAH LAFY F.AL-BADRY Department of Physics， College of Education for Pure Science， University of Thi-Qar Directorate-General for Education Dhi Qar Department of Physics， College of Science， University of Thi-Qar

Because of their elasticity， light weight， little cost， and wide-area applications， besides that a notable increase in power conversion efficiency （PCE）， organic solar cells have recently caught the concern of numerous researchers. In the current project， we created a variety of organic small compounds as donor materials by using Gaussian 09. Our design approach entails swapping the core part， which is benzothiadiazole （BT）， based on a derivative of oxadiazole， as the terminals on both sides of the prototype compound （RM） with a variety of fragments to improve the electronic and optic characterization and performance for PCE in organic solar cells. Careful theoretical consideration under density-functional theory DFT and time-dependent density functional theory TD-DET at the B3LYP/6-31G（d，p） basis set was made to find the maximum absorption wavelengthλmax， the efficiency of light harvesting （LHE）， excitation energy (EX)， HOMO and LOMO levels， energy band gap (Eg)， dipole moment （ρ）， the DOS， ionization potential （LP）， electron affinity （EA）， fill factor （EF）， and open circuit voltage (Voc) of molecules RM and TSstudied in a methodical manner. Calculated values revealed that proposed compounds T1-T4 can be encouraging materials for manufacturing organic solar cells as a donor tiny compound with acceptor PC61BM to predict a rise in power conversion efficiency （PCE） owing to their possession of proper values for some optical and electronic features， like the lowest HOMO level， narrower band gaps， and a greater absorption wavelength compared with the reference model RM.

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Optimization of double chamber microbial fuel cell for domestic wastewater treatment and electricity production

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燃料化学学报 2015年第9期43卷 1092-1099页

作者： Amr El-Hag Ali Ola M.Gomaa Reham Fathey hussein Abd El Kareem Mohamed abou Zaid Polymer Chemistry Department Microbiology Department National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT) Egyptian Atomic energy Authority ( EAEA ) Nasr City Cairo Egypt DAS Taibah University Medinah KSA

Microbial fuel cells(M FCs)represent a new approach for treating w aste w ater along w ith electricity *** present study addressed electricity production from domestic w astew ater using a mediator-less double chamber M *** electricity production w as monitored under different operational conditions for both summer and w inter *** of the anodic and cathodic chambers resulted in a maximal current of 0.784 and 0.645 m A w ith the maximal pow er intensity of 209 and 117 m W/m2in pow er duration of 24 h for the summer and w inter samples,*** electron microscopy show ed that the bacterial biofilm formation on the anode w as denser for the summer sample than that w hen the w inter sample w as used,so w as the total bacterial ***,samples taken during summer w ere considered better in electricity production and w aste w ater treatment than those taken during w inter basically because of the high microbial load during the hot *** parallel,there w as a decrease in both biological oxygen demand(BOD5)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)values which reached 71.8%and 72.85%,respectively at the end of the operation process for the summer sample,w hile there w as no evident decrease for the w inter *** the operating conditions not only increased the potential of using domestic w aste w ater in microbial fuel cells to produce electricity,but also improved the quality of the domestic w aste w ater.

关键词：微生物引起的燃料房间国内废水处理操作条件电生产

ANALYTICAL MODELS BASED DISCRETE-TIME QUEUEING FOR THE CONGESTED NETWORK

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2012年第1期3卷 68-89页

作者： MOFLEH AL-DIABAT hussein ABDEL-JABER FADI THABTAH OSMAN abou-RABIA MAHMOUD KISHTA Computer Science Department Al-al-Bayt University Jordan Department of Computer Science The World Islamic Sciences&Education(W.I.S.E.)University Amman Jordan Management Information System Department Philadelphia University AmmanJordan Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Laurentian University Sudbury ONCanada Dean of Academic Research Philadelphia University AmmanJordan

Congestion is one of the well-studied problems in computer networks,which occurs when the request for network resources exceeds the buffer *** active queue management techniques such as BLUE and RED have been proposed in the literature to control congestions in early *** this paper,we propose two discrete-time queueing network analytical models to drop the arrival packets in preliminary stages when the network becomes *** first model is based on Lambda Decreasing and it drops packets from a probability value to another higher value according to the buffer *** the second proposed model drops packets linearly based on the current queue *** compare the performance of both our models with the original BLUE in order to decide which of these methods offers better quality of *** comparison is done in terms of packet dropping probability,average queue length,throughput ratio,average queueing delay,and packet loss rate.

关键词： Analytical models congestion control discrete-time queueing simulation

Tigris River Water Quality Quantifying Using the Iraq Water Quality Index (IraqWQI) and Some Statistical Techniques

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Engineering（科研） 2024年第6期16卷 149-166页

作者： Nadhir Al-Ansari Salam hussein Ewaid Ali Chabuk Salwan Ali Abed Mudhafar A. Salim Jan Laue Riyadh M. Salih Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lule University of Technology Lule Sweden Technical College of Shatra Southern Technical University Basra Iraq Department of Environmental Engineering College of Engineering University of Babylon Babylon Iraq Department of Environment College of Science University of Al-Qadisiyah Diwaniyah Iraq Iraqi Organization for Conservation of Nature IOCN Baghdad Iraq National Center for Water Resources Management Ministry of Water Resources Baghdad Iraq

Evaluation of water quality is important for the management of water resources. The current study is focused on the interpretation of the water quality monitoring data of the Tigris River in Iraq by the application of the principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and water quality index (WQI). Twelve water quality parameters were taken from 14 stations along the river Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, SO42−, HCO3−, NO3−, TH, TDS, BOD5, and EC to apply the PCA and CA. The results show that the mean of all the parameters was under the standards except Ca2+, EC, Mg2+, TH, and SO42−. The amount of EC is the critical factor that affects the river water quality. The PCA obtained one principal component responsible for 97% of the variation caused by different pollution sources. The CA divided the river into three regions of sampling stations with similar water quality, the best in the north, and the worst in the far south. In this paper, the computer-automated tool (IraqWQI) was presented and evaluated, which has been developed by authors to classify and measure the quality of Iraqi surface water. The proposed index is of hundred degrees and includes six variables for drinking water quality Cl−, TH, TDS, COD, DO, and total coliform (TC) according to the Iraqi specifications. The result of the IraqWQI application showed a decrease in the water quality of the river and its suitability for drinking in the south of the country. The best value of the index was (81.48, Good) in Fishkhabour during winter, and the worst value was (46.23, Bad) in Qurnah during summer. The result of this study proved the success and importance of using statistical techniques and WQI as useful tools for the management, control, and conservation of surface water. .

关键词： Component Formatting Style Styling

均相和非均相催化微藻脂质提取和酯交换制备生物燃料的研究进展

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第4期59卷 97-117页

作者： Vinoth Kumar Ponnumsamy hussein E.Al-Hazmi Sutha Shobana Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja Dipak Ashok Jadhav Rajesh Banu J Grzegorz Piechota Bartłomiej Igliński Vinod Kumar Amit Bhatnagar Kyu-Jung Chae Gopalakrishnan Kumar 高雄医科大学药物与应用化学系环境医学研究中心中国台湾高雄高雄医科大学医学研究部中国台湾高雄格但斯克理工大学土木与环境工程学院波兰纳鲁特维察格但斯克范朗大学工程与技术学院建筑绿色技术与可持续发展研究组越南胡志明市工程技术学院科学与人文系化学部印度泰米尔纳德邦韩国海洋大学海洋科学与工程学院环境工程系韩国釜山泰米尔纳德邦中央大学生命科学系印度泰米尔纳德邦 GPCHEM沼气研究与分析实验室波兰尼古拉斯哥白尼大学化学系波兰克兰菲尔德大学水与能源学院英国拉彭兰塔工业大学工程科学学院分离科学系芬兰韩国海洋大学海洋可再生能源工程专业韩国釜山延世大学土木与环境工程学院韩国首尔斯塔万格大学科学技术学院化学、生物科学与环境工程研究所挪威斯塔万格

随着化石燃料燃烧导致的二氧化碳排放不断加剧气候变化,且化石燃料储量日益减少,寻求可再生能源已成为一项紧迫的任务.其中,藻类衍生可持续燃料因具有成本优势和可运输性,在解决全球能源危机方面展现出广阔前景,备受关注.利用化学转化... 详细信息

随着化石燃料燃烧导致的二氧化碳排放不断加剧气候变化,且化石燃料储量日益减少,寻求可再生能源已成为一项紧迫的任务.其中,藻类衍生可持续燃料因具有成本优势和可运输性,在解决全球能源危机方面展现出广阔前景,备受关注.利用化学转化技术从微藻中提取脂质,并通过酯交换反应可以将其转化为脂肪酸甲酯,是生产绿色生物燃料的有效途径.这一过程涉及游离脂肪酸、磷脂和甘油三酯的提取,并且生产过程能耗低,成为满足日益增长的能源需求的一种理想解决方案.本文综述了微藻脂质提取和酯交换制备生物燃料的相关研究进展.首先,介绍了微藻脂质的提取方法,包括溶剂提取法、索氏提取法、布利格和戴耶法、超临界二氧化碳提取以及离子液体溶剂法等,并分析了各方法的优缺点.随后,重点阐述了酯交换技术在微藻脂质转化中的应用,包括酸碱催化、酶催化以及原位酯交换反应等,并探讨了这些技术的反应机理、催化剂选择、反应器设计以及生物油生产工艺等方面的研究进展.通过综述上述研究进展,为微藻脂质的生产和应用提供了理论指导.研究表明,通过优化催化剂种类、反应条件以及提取方法,可以有效提高微藻脂质的转化效率和生物油品质.同时,本文也指出了当前微藻脂质生产中面临的挑战,如微藻栽培和生长条件优化、高效转化技术的开发等.随着可持续能源日益受到重视,微藻脂质作为一种可再生能源具有巨大的发展潜力.未来研究应进一步关注微藻的规模化栽培、生长条件优化以及高效转化技术的研发,以提高微藻脂质的产量和品质.同时,应进一步推动和实现微藻生物燃料的实际应用,从而为应对气候变化和能源危机提供有效的解决方案.

关键词：微藻脂质提取酯交换催化酶催化原位技术

The stellar system HIP 101227:is it a binary,a triple or a quadruple system?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第5期21卷 121-129页

作者： Zahra Talal yousef Adlyka Annuar Abdallah Mohammad hussein Hamid Al-Naimiy MashhoorAl-Wardat Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid Mohammed Fadil Talafha Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Physics Al al-Bayt UniversityMafraq 25113Jordan Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy University of SharjahP.O.Box 27272 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Sharjah Academy for Astronomy Space Sciences and Technology SAASSTUniversity of SharjahP.O.Box 27272 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates

In this paper,we present the analysis of the stellar system HIP 101227 to determine the actual number of components in the system,and their *** use dynamical modeling and complex spectrophotometric(involving atmospheric modeling)techniques with recent data,to determine the physical properties and orbital solution for the system,respectively,with better accuracy than past *** on our analysis,we found that the system is more consistent with being a quadruple rather than a binary or a triple system as suggested by previous *** total mass of the system determined from our SED analysis is 3.42±0.20 M,which is distributed almost equally between the four *** stars are found to be zero-age main sequence stars;i.e.,at the last stage of pre-main sequence,with age less than 200 Myr and spectral types *** four stars have very similar physical characteristics,suggesting that the fragmentation process is the most likely theory for the formation and evolution of the system.

关键词： stars:binaries:close stars:binaries:visual stars:individual:HIP 101227

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Lower-Level Health Care Facilities of Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania: Status towards Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and Way Forward

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 279-295页

作者： Mariam Mahamudu hussein Mohamed Michael Habtu Dennis Rweyemamu Anyitike Mwakitalima Amour Seleman Erick Mgina Khalid Massa Grace Saguti Andre Arsene Bita Fouda Zabulon Yoti Ministry of Health Dodoma Tanzania Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania Regional Office for Africa World Health Organization Brazzaville Republic of the Congo National Institute for Medical Research Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Background: Improving Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in health care settings is a critical prerequisite for achieving national health goals and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a target for each United Nations member state to reach by 2030. Each member state is required to reach by 2022, 2025 and 2030 at least 60%, 80% and 100%, respectively of basic level of service of the five elements which are water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management and environmental cleaning. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate and document the current state of basic water, sanitation, and hygiene services in all lower-level health care facilities in the Dar es Salaam region of Tanzania as of July 2022. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 99 public dispensaries in the Dar es Salaam region’s five councils: Ubungo, Kigamboni, Kinondoni and Temeke Municipalities, and Ilala City. The interviewee form and observational checklists were both digitalized using the Kobo tool software. The respondents were health care facility in-charges or nurse in-charges. Data were downloaded, validated, and imported to Stata version 15 for analysis. Results: The basic WASH level per JMP is far below the target in 2022. Each member state by 2022 is required to reach at least 60% of the basic level of service of each element. We found a low coverage of basic WASH in the 99 dispensaries included in this study. The basic WASH coverage was met in only 10 (10.1%) of the dispensaries, while the remaining 89 (89.9%) dispensaries fall on limited WASH services. Conclusion: This study revealed lower coverage of basic WASH services in dispensaries. An urgent need is required to improve the status of WASH in all the dispensaries and facilitate the provision of quality health care services, patient safety and reduce health care associated infections.

关键词： Dispensaries Low Level Health Care Facilities Service Levels Basic WASH Dar es Salaam