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Assessm.nt of spongy m.th infestation im.acts on forest productivity and carbon loss using the Sentinel-2 satellite rem.te sensing and eddy covariance flux data

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 231-245页

作者： Nur hussain Alem. Gonsam. Shusen Wang m.Altaf Arain School of Earth Environment and Society and McMaster Centre for Climate Change Mc Master University Canada Centre for Rem.te Sensing Natural Resources Canada

Background Deciduous forests in eastern North Am.rica experienced a widespread and intense spongy m.th（Lym.ntria dispar） infestation in 2021. This study quantified the im.act of this spongy m.th infestation on carbon（C） cycle in forests across the Great Lakes region in Canada, utilizing high-resolution（10 × 10 m.） Sentinel-2 satellite rem.te sensing im.ges and eddy covariance（EC） flux data. Study results showed a significant reduction in leaf area index（LAI） and gross prim.ry productivity（GPP） values in deciduous and m.xed forests in the region in *** Rem.te sensing derived, growing season m.an LAI values of deciduous（m.xed） forests were 3.66（3.18）, 2.74（2.64）, and 3.53（2.94） m.m.2in 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively, indicating about 24（14）% reduction in LAI, as com.ared to pre-and post-infestation years. Sim.larly, growing season GPP values in deciduous（m.xed） forests were 1338（1208）, 868（932）, and 1367（1175） g C m.2, respectively in 2020, 2021 and 2022, showing about 35（22）% reduction in GPP in 2021 as com.ared to pre-and post-infestation years. This infestation induced reduction in GPP of deciduous and m.xed forests, when upscaled to whole study area（178,000 km.）, resulted in 21.1（21.4） m. of C loss as com.ared to 2020（2022）, respectively. It shows the large scale of C losses caused by this infestation in Canadian Great Lakes *** The m.thods developed in this study offer valuable tools to assess and quantify natural disturbance im.acts on the regional C balance of forest ecosystem. by integrating field observations, high-resolution rem.te sensing data and m.dels. Study results will also help in developing sustainable forest m.nagem.nt practices to achieve net-zero C em.ssion goals through nature-based clim.te change solutions.

关键词： Spongy m.th Infestation Carbon Gross ecosystem.productivity Leaf area index Tem.erate forest Rem.te sensing Sentinel-2 Eddy covariance

The Effect of the Industrial Activities on Air Pollution at Baiji and Its Surrounding Areas, Iraq

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Engineering（科研） 2016年第1期8卷 34-44页

作者： Salwan S. Al-Hasnawi hussain m. hussain Nadhir Al-Ansari Sven K nutsson Chem.stry Departm.nt Collage of Science Mustansirya University Baghdad Iraq Geology Departm.nt Faculty Science Kufa University Kufa Iraq Luleå University of Technology Lule&aring Sweden

The polluters of total suspended particles (TSP) and som. heavy m.tals (Cd, Co, and Ni) concentrations were studied in the areas of Al-Fatha, Al-Alam.and Baiji, Iraq. These concentrations were m.asured for selected 22 sam.le locations for two periods, January and July 2013. The analyzed values of (TSP) and (Cd) exceeded the lim.ts of Iraqi National and the World Health Organization (WHO) for the two periods. Also, (Ni) values exceeded the lim.ts for July only, while (Co) values were under the lim.ts for the two periods. The difference between the two periods reflects the effect of the wind speed and direction, rainfall, and the intensity of the dust storm. during the two m.nths, respectively. GIS technique m.kes optim.l predictions possible by exam.ning the relationships between all the sam.le points and producing a continuous surface of polluter’s concentration. Therefore, GIS was used to produce predictions and probabilities m.ps for the critical polluter values in the study area.

关键词： Air Pollution Pollution GIS Predictions m.p Iraq

Determ.nation of the Chem.cal Structure of the Iraqi Oil Shale and Its Hydrocarbon Form.

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Engineering（科研） 2018年第1期10卷 7-20页

作者： Atiya Al-Zuheri Haider Rashad Ali A. Al m.liki hussain m. hussain Nadhir Al-Ansari m.nistry of Science and Technology Baghdad Iraq Rem.te Sensing Center University of Kufa Najaf Iraq Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden

The global im.act of shale oil has revolutionized the world’s energy m.rkets, resulting in significantly lower oil prices, higher global gross dom.stic product, changing geopolitics and shifted business m.dels for oil and gas com.anies. Further and developed research initiative is required to fill critical gaps in knowledge at the interface of shale oil developm.nt along with environm.ntal protection, so countries can prepare better for its energy future. This paper explores the characterization of Iraqi originated oil shale using various analytical techniques, such as m.ss spectrom.try (m.), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and Gas Chrom.tography m.ss Spectrography (GC/m.). Based upon analytical results, it is found that the m.jority of chem.cal structure is in aliphatic hydrocarbon form..

关键词： Oil Shale m. IR GC/m. Characterization

Experim.ntal Study on Heat Storage Properties Com.arison of Paraffin/m.tal Foam. Phase Change m.terial Com.osites

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Journal of Therm.l Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar AHm.D Abid hussain Hanzla SHAHID Im.an ALI Hafiz m.ham.ad ALI Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Departm.nt of m.chanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan m.chanical Engineering Departm.nt King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power System.(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change m.terials(PCm.) are essential characteristics that perform.a key role in therm.l heat energy storage *** therm.l properties of PCm. can be im.roved by developing m.tal foam.PCm.*** addition of m.tal foam.in PCm. has a significant effect on the therm.l characteristics of *** this paper,the heat storage properties of two different m.tal foam.PCm.com.osites were experim.ntally *** behavior of paraffin in m.tal foam.copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin com.osites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m.(2) in three directions sim.ltaneously(x,y,and z) was *** was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foam. to develop com.osite m.terials which resulted in enhancing the therm.l conductivity of the paraffin.A com.arative analysis is m.de on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foam./paraffin *** tem.erature distribution during the phase transition process is experim.ntally *** com.arison indicates that tem.erature uniform.ty in copper foam.paraffin com.osite is better than in iron-nickel foam.paraffin com.osite and pure paraffin at the sam. heat *** results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m.(2),the heat storage tim. for copper foam.paraffin com.osite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam.paraffin com.osite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/m.tal foam.com.osite tem.erature uniform.ty heat storage rate phase transition process

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Fine Sand and Clay Sedim.nt Acoustic Properties of the Novel Sedim.nt Sam.le from.the Arabian Sea:Experim.ntal Investigations and Biot−Stoll m.del Validation

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 169-180页

作者： Shahabuddin SHAIKH HUANG Yi-wang ZHANG Ze-chuan Habib hussain ZUBERI National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology and College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China

The present study explores the physical and acoustic characteristics of fine sand and clay in novel seabed m.rine sedim.nts from.of Pakistan coastline of the Arabian *** m.asured physical param.ters included m.an grain size,m.ss density,bulk density,salinity,porosity,perm.ability,pore size and m.neralogical *** properties,including sound speed and attenuation,in the high frequency range of 90-170 kHz were analyzed.A controlled laboratory setup with the acoustic transm.ssion m.thod and Fourier transform.techniques was utilized to exam.ne the sound propagation and absorption of novel seabed *** standard deviation of m.an sound speed in fresh water was 0.75 m.s,and attenuation was observed in the range of 0.43 to 0.61 dB/*** m.an sound velocity in sand and clay varied from.1706 to 1709 m.s and 1602 to 1608 m.s,*** average attenuation was observed at 80 to 93 dB/m.in sandy sedim.nts and from.31.8 to 38.6 dB/m.in clayey *** velocity variation within sandy sedim.nt is low,consistent with expected results,and sm.ller than the predicted ***,clay sedim.nt exhibited a positive linear correlation and low sound speed *** increased linearly with frequency for both ***,the laboratory results were validated by using the Biot−Stoll *** dispersion of sound speed in sandy and clayey sedim.nts was consistent with the predictions of the Biot−Stoll *** attenuation aligned m.re with Biot−Stoll m.del predictions due to im.roved perm.ability,tortuosity and pore size param.ter fitting.

关键词： physical and acoustic characteristics m.rine sedim.nts sound speed attenuation Biot−Stoll m.del

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Seepage Velocity of Dibdibba Form.tion in Karbala, Iraq

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Engineering（科研） 2017年第3期9卷 279-290页

作者： Qais Al-m.dhlom.Nadhir Al-Ansari hussain m. hussain Jenny Lindblom.Twana Abdullah Bashar Abid Ham.a Sven Knutsson Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden University of Babylon Coolege of Engineering Babylon Iraq Departm.nt of Geology College of Science Kufa University Kufa Iraq Departm.nt of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea Sweden

Iraq highly depends on its surface water resources. Now it is facing water shortage problem.. For these reasons, the utilization of groundwater will be increasing with tim.. Karbala Governorate is located in the central part of Iraq. It covers an area of 5034 km. and the population exceeds one m.llion. It is characterized by an arid or sem.arid environm.nt. Karbala Governorate lack surface water resource and consequently, groundwater is the only available resource. The m.in groundwater aquifer within the area is Dibdibba form.tion. It is com.osed of poorly sorted sand and sand stone with gravel. In this research hydrological and hydrogeological inform.tion were used to find out the m.gnitude and the direction of groundwater seepage velocity. The results indicate that groundwater flow toward the flood plain to the east of the study region. The seepage velocity ranges from.0 to 0.18 m.d, with a general increase when m.ving from.the west to the east.

关键词： Dibbdiba Form.tion Seepage Velocity Karbala Iraq

m.(4)X_(3) m.enes:Application in Energy Storage Devices

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Nano-m.cro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 522-542页

作者： Iftikhar hussain Waqas Ul Arifeen Shahid Ali Khan Sikandar Aftab m.ham.ad Sufyan Javed Sajjad hussain m.ham.ad Ahm.d Xi Chen Jiyun Zhao PRosaiah Khaled Fahm. Fawy Adnan Younis Sum.nta Sahoo Kaili Zhang Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong KongPeople's Republic of China School of m.chanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityDaehak-roGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do 38541South Korea Departm.nt of Sem.conductor System. Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China Departm.nt of Nanotechnology and Advanced m.terials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Physics Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)ThandalamChennai 602105India Departm.nt of Chem.stry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 900461413 AbhaSaudi Arabia Departm.nt of Physics College of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al-AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Chem.cal Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541South Korea

m.ene has garnered widespread recognition in the scientific com.m.nity due to its rem.rkable properties,including excellent therm.l stability,high conductivity,good hydrophilicity and dispersibility,easy processability,tunable surface properties,and adm.rable *** have been categorized into different fam.lies based on the num.er of m.and X layers in m.(n+1)X_(n),such as m.(2)X,m.(3)X_(2),m.(4)X_(3),and,recently,m.(5)X_(4).Am.ng these fam.lies,m.(2)X and m.(3)X_(2),par-ticularly Ti_(3)C_(2),have been greatly explored while lim.ted studies have been given to m.(5)X_(4)m.ene ***,studies on the m.(4)X_(3)m.ene fam.ly have developed recently,hence,dem.nding a com.ilation of evaluated ***,this review provides a system.tic overview of the latest advancem.nts in m.(4)X_(3)m.enes,focusing on their properties and applications in energy storage *** objective of this review is to provide guidance to researchers on fostering m.(4)X_(3)m.ene-based nanom.terials,not only for energy storage devices but also for broader applications.

关键词： m.ene m.(4)X_(3)m.enes 2D m.terials Energy storage Properties

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Natural Convection and Irreversibility of Nanofluid Due to Inclined m.gnetohydrodynam.cs(m.D)Filled in a Cavity with Y-Shape Heated Fin:FEm.Com.utational

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Com.uter m.deling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1505-1519页

作者： Afraz hussain m.jeed Rashid m.hm.od Sayed m.Eldin Im.an Saddique S.Saleem.m.ham.ad Jawad School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China Departm.nt of m.them.tics Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Center of Research Faculty of EngineeringFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Faculty of Sciences The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan

This study explains the entropy process of natural convective heating in the nanofluid-saturated cavity in a heated fin andm.gnetic *** tem.erature is constant on the Y-shaped fin,insulating the topwall while the rem.ining walls rem.in *** walls are subject to im.erm.ability and non-slip *** m.them.tical m.deling of the problem.is dem.nstrated by the continuity,m.m.ntum.and energy equations incorporating the inclined m.gnetic *** elucidating the flow characteristics Finite Elem.ntm.thod(FEm.is im.lem.nted using stable FE pair.A hybrid fine m.sh is used for discretizing the *** and therm.l plots concerning param.ters are *** addition,a detailed discussion regarding generation energy by m.nitoring changes in m.gnetic,viscous,total,and therm.l irreversibility is *** addition,line graphs are created for the u and v com.onents of the velocity profile to predict the flow *** sim.lations assum. the dim.nsionless representative of m.gnetic field Hartm.nn num.er Ha between 0 and 100 and a m.gnetic field inclination between 0 and 90 degrees.A constant 4% volum. proportion of nanoparticles is em.loyed throughout all scenarios.

关键词： Finite elem.nt m.thod nanom.terials entropy m.D square cavity Y-fin

Bearing Capacity m.p for An-Najaf and Kufa Cities Using GIS

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Engineering（科研） 2018年第5期10卷 262-269页

作者： Laheab A. Jasem.Al-m.liki Sohaib Kareem.Al-m.m.ori Khaled El-Tawel hussain m. hussain Nadhir Al-Ansari m.ham.ed Jawad Al Ali Departm.nt of Hydraulic Engineering Structures Faculty of Water Resources Engineering Green University of Al Qasim Baghdad Iraq Departm.nt of Environm.ntal Planning Faculty of Physical Planning University of Kufa Najaf Iraq Lebanese University Faculty of Engineering Beirut Lebanon Rem.te Sensing Center University of Kufa Najaf Iraq Departm.nt of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Departm.nt of Environm.ntal Planning Faculty of Physical Planning University of Kufa Najaf Iraq

An-Najaf province is situated in south-western part of Iraq. It is 70 m.ters above the sea level in the dry desert environm.nt. The city is considered as one of the m.st im.ortant cities in Iraq, facing a fast population growth and continuous developm.nt in constructions such as residential com.lexes, hotels, bridges and shopping m.lls. Soil investigation data for An-Najaf Province (An-Najaf and Kufa cities) from.464 boreholes drilled by the Na-tional Centre for Construction Laboratories & Researches (NCCLR)/Babylon laboratory were used in this research. The data were analysed and possessed using Excel program.then represented on the Geographical Inform.tion System.(GIS) program.by Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) tool to create an allowable bearing capacity m.p for the soil at depths 0 - 2 m.ters. The allowable bearing capacity is one of the m.st im.ortant soil characteristics to be considered when m.king a database for An-Najaf city soil. Geographical Inform.tion System.GIS program.enables to create reliable database for any characteristic and it is one of the best program. to produce an accurate m.p and allow ease in dealing with it. Those m.ps cover all the studied areas and by using contour lines, approxim.te values for no-data areas can be obtained. The results show that the allowable bearing capacity range is 5 - 20 Ton/m. for both An-Najaf and Kufa cities. Kufa city has the range 5 - 9 Ton/m.. An-Najaf city has the range 7 - 18 at the center, 8 - 10 Ton/m. at the north eastern part, 7 - 14 Ton/m. for the north western part, 6 - 12 Ton/m. at the south eastern and 12 - 19 Ton/m. at the south western.

关键词： Allowable Bearing Capacity Geographical Inform.tion System GIS AN-Najaf and Kufa Cities Geotechnical m.ps Standard Penetration Test (SPT)